Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T04:57:36.404Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Good Living as a Living Law

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2017

Carlos E. Gallegos Anda
Carlos E. Gallegos Anda*
Affiliation:
School of Politics and International Relations, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
*
address for correspondence: Carlos E. Gallegos Anda, School of Politics and International Relations, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Email: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

In 2008, Ecuador reformed its Constitution after a prolonged period of economic, social and political crises. The momentary rupturing of power structures, that had limited political participation to small clusters of elites, opened participatory spaces for historically marginalised social groups to engage in the process of constitutional drafting. As a result of this unprecedented political shift in participation and inclusiveness, alternative notions of cultural, social and economic rights surfaced. This progressive constitutionalism is thus a novel attempt at overcoming legal formalism in favour of a Living Law, a law that embraces the contextual settings where it will be applied by scrutinising the historic power structures that have moulded it. Good Living as a legal principle underlines the enactment of a Living Law.

Keywords

EcuadorInter-American ConstitutionalismLiving LawGood Living
Type
Research Article
Information
The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education , Volume 47 , Special Issue 1: South-South Dialogues: Global Approaches to Decolonial Pedagogies , August 2018 , pp. 30 - 40
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abertyn, C. (2013). Cultural diversity, ‘Living Law’, and Women's Rights in South Africa. In Bonilla Maldonado, D. (Ed.), Constitutionalism of the Global South: The activist tribunals of India, South Africa, and Colombia (pp. 163–210). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Acosta, A. (2010). El Buen Vivir En El Camino del Post-Desarrollo: Una Lectura Desde La Constitución de Montecristi. Unpublished Policy Paper 9 by the Fundación Friedrich Ebert FES-IDLIS, Quito.Google Scholar
Alonso González, P., & Macías Vázquez, A. (2015). An ontological turn in the debate on Buen Vivir – Sumak Kawsay in Ecuador: Ideology, knowledge, and the common. Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies, 10 (3), 315–334.Google Scholar
Altmann, P. (2015). Studying discourse innovations: The case of the indigenous movement in Ecuador. Historical Social Research, 40 (3) 161–84.Google Scholar
Antkowiak, T.M. (2014). Rights, resources, and rhetoric: Indigenous peoples and the Inter-American Court. University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law, 35, 113–187.Google Scholar
Baxter, H. (2011). Habermas: The discourse theory of law and democracy. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Law Books.Google Scholar
Bonilla Maldonado, D. (2013). Self-government and cultural identity: The Colombian Constitutional Court and the right of cultural minorities to prior consultation. In Bonilla Maldonado, D. (Ed.), Constitutionalism of the global South: The activist tribunals of India, South Africa, and Colombia (pp. 243–90). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Breton, V., Cortez, D., & Garcia, F. (2014). In search of sumak kawsay: Introduction to the dossier. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, FLACSO-Ecuador, 18 (1), 9–24.Google Scholar
Burgorgue-Larsen, L. (2014). La Corte Interamericana de Los Derechos Humanos Como Tribunal Constitucional. Vol. 22. Working Papers on European Law and Regional Integration, Madrid.Google Scholar
Burt, J.-M., & Mauceri, P. (2004). Conclusion. In Burt, J.-M. & Mauceri, P. (Eds.), Politics in the Andes: Identity, conflict and reform (pp. 269–279). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Collins, J. (2004). Ecuador's indigenous movement and the rise of Pachakutik. In Burt, J.-M. & Mauceri, P. (Eds.), Politics in the Andes: Identity, conflict reform (pp. 38–58). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Constitution of the State of Ecuador, 23 September 1830.Google Scholar
Political Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, Legislative Decree 000, Official Registry 1, 11 August 1998.Google Scholar
Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, Legislative Decree 0, Official Registry 449, 20 October 2008.Google Scholar
Cueva, A. (2008). Entre la Ira y la Esperanza y Otros Ensayos de Crítica Latinoamericana. Buenos Aires, Argentina: CLACSO.Google Scholar
Dávalos, P., & Albuja, V. (2013). Ecuador: Extractivist dynamics, politics and discourse. In Veltmeyer, H. & Petras, J. (Eds.), The new extractivism: A post-neoliberal development model or imperialism (pp. 144–171). London, UK: Zed Books.Google Scholar
De La Torre, C., & Striffler, S. (Eds.). (2009). The Ecuador reader: History, culture and politics. Durham, UK: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
De La Torre, C. (2006). Ethnic movements and citizenship in Ecuador. Latin American Research Review, 41 (2), 247–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dussel, E. (2009). A new age in the history of philosophy: The world dialogue between philosophical traditions. Philosophy & Social Criticism, 35 (5), 499–516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elkins, Z., Ginsburg, T., & Simmons, B. (2013). Getting to rights: Treaty ratification, constitutional convergence, and human rights practice. Unpublished Public Law and Legal Theory Working Paper No. 434, 54 (1), by the University of Chicago, Chicago.Google Scholar
Escobar, A. (2012). Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Escobar, A. (2010). Latin America at a crossroads. Cultural Studies, 24 (1), 1–65.Google Scholar
Fanon, F. (1963). The Wretched of the Earth. New York, NY: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Fischer, A., & O'Hara, M.D. (2009). Racial Identities and their Interpreters in Colonial Latin America. In Fischer, A. & O'Hara, M. (Eds.), Imperial subjects: Race and identity in Colonial Latin America (pp. 1–38). Durham, UK: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, M. (1995). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. New York, NY: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Gargarella, R. (2013). Latin American constitutionalism, 1810–2010: The engine room of the constitution. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Gerlach, A. (2003). Indians, oil, and politics: A recent history of Ecuador. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources Inc.Google Scholar
Go, J. (2007). A Globalizing Constitutionalism? Views from the Post Colony, 1945–2000. In Arjomand, S. A. (Ed.), International comparative social studies: constitutionalism and political reconstruction (pp. 89–114). the Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers.Google Scholar
Grijalva, W. (2008). Breve historia bancaria del Ecuador. Quito, Ecuador: Corporacion Editora Nacional.Google Scholar
Grovogui, S. N. (2014). To the Orphaned, Dispossessed and Illegitimate Children: Human Rights Beyond Republican and Liberal Traditions. Indigenous Journal Global Legal Studies, 18 (14), 41–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gudynas, E., & Acosta, A. (2011). La renovación de la crítica al desarrollo y el buen vivir como alternativa. Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana, 16 (53), 71–83.Google Scholar
Harris, A. P. (2013). Critical race theory. In Banakar, R. & Travers, Max (Eds.), Law and Social Theory (pp. 147–161). Oxford, UK: Hart Publishing.Google Scholar
Harvard Center for International Development. (2003). Washington Consensus. Retrieved June, 2016 from http://www.cid.harvard.edu/cidtrade/issues/washington.html.Google Scholar
Inter-American Court of Human Rights, case of “The Mayagna (Sumo) Awas Tigni Community v. Nicaragua.” Merits, Reparations, and Costs, August 31, 2001.Google Scholar
Inter-American Court of Human Rights, case of the “Kichwa Indigenous People of Sarayaku v. Ecuador.” Judgment, June 27, 2012.Google Scholar
International Monetary Fund. (2001). The Mexican Crisis: No Mountain Too High? Retrieved June, 2016 from https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/history/2001/ch07.pdf.Google Scholar
Johnson, P. (2009). Habermas rescuing the public sphere. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Larrea, C., Espinosa, M., & Charvet, P.S. (1987). El Banano en el Ecuador: Transnacionales, modernización y subdesarrollo. Larrea, Carlos (Ed.) Quito, Ecuador: Corporacion Editora Nacional.Google Scholar
Larrea, C. & North, L. (1997). Ecuador: Adjustment policy impacts on truncated development and democratisation. Third World Quarterly, 18 (5), 913–934.Google Scholar
Lazarus, R.J. (2011). Recuperando lo que es ambiental acerca del derecho ambiental. In Gallegos-Anda, C. E. & Perez, Camilo (Eds.), Los derechos de La naturaleza y la naturaleza de sus derechos (pp. 169–208). Quito, Ecuador: Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos.Google Scholar
Levitsky, S., & Loxton, J. (2013). Populism and Competitive Authoritarianism in the Andes. Democratization, 20 (1), 107–36.Google Scholar
Llásag Fernández, R. (2012). Movimiento Indígena del Ecuador a Partir Del Siglo XX: Visibilizando el Resurgir, Sus Avances Y Retrocesos. In Santos, B. Sousa and Grijalva, A. (Ed.), Justicia Indígena, Plurinacionalidad e Interculturalidad en Ecuador, (83–156). Quito, Ecuador: Abya Yala and Fundación Rosa Luxemburg, 2012.Google Scholar
Mansilla, H.C.F. (2011). Ideologias oficiales sobre el medio ambiente en Bolivia y sus aspectos problematicos, Ecuador Debate, 84, 89–106.Google Scholar
Marx, K. (1990). Capital: A critique of Political Economy (Vol. I). London, UK: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Mignolo, W. D. (2013). Delinking: The rhetoric of modernity, the logic of coloniality and the grammar of de-coloniality. In Mignolo, W.D. & Escobar, A. (Eds.), Globalization and the decolonial option (pp. 303–368). New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar
Mijeski, K. J., & Beck, S.H., (2011). Pachakutik and the rise and decline of the ecuadorian indigenous movement. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press.Google Scholar
Monni, S., & Pallottino, M. (2016). A new agenda for international development cooperation: Lessons learnt from the buen vivir experience. Development, 58 (1), 49–57.Google Scholar
North, L.L. (2004). State Building, State Dismantling and Financial Crisis in Ecuador. In Burt, J.-M. & Mauceri, P. (Eds.), Politics in the Andes: Identity, conflict reform (pp. 187–206). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Organic Law on Popular and Solidarity Economy, Official Registry 444, 10 May 2011.Google Scholar
Oviedo Freire, A. (2014). Ruptura de dos paradigmas. In Freire Oviedo, A. (Ed.) Bifurcación del buen vivir y El sumak kawsay (pp. 139–224). Quito, Ecuador: Sumak.Google Scholar
Paz & Miño, J. J. (2008). Visión histórica de las constituciones de 1998 y 2008. Instituto de Investigacion y Debate Sobre la Gobernanza. Retrieved 16 July, 2016 from http://www.institut-gouvernance.org/es/analyse/fiche-analyse-449.html.Google Scholar
Quijano, A. (2013). Coloniality and modernity/rationality. In Mignolo, W.D. & Escobar, A. (Eds.), Globalization and the decolonial option (pp. 22–33). New York, NY: Routledge.Google Scholar
Radcliffe, S. A. (2012). Development for a postneoliberal era? Sumak kawsay, living well and the limits to decolonisation in Ecuador. Geoforum, 43 (2), 240–249.Google Scholar
Radcliffe, S.A. (2015). Development Alternatives. Development and Change, 46, 4, 855–74.Google Scholar
Rodriguez-Garavito, C. (2011). Beyond the courtroom: The impact of judicial activism on socioeconomic rights in Latin America. Texas Law Review, 89 (1669), 1669–1698.Google Scholar
Ruttenberg, T. (2013). Wellbeing economics and Buen Vivir: Development alternatives for inclusive human security. PRAXIS The Fletcher Journal of Human Security, XXVIII, 68–93.Google Scholar
Santos, B.d.S. (2002). Toward a new legal common sense: Law, globalization, and emancipation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Santos, B.d.S. (2014). Epistemologies of the south: Justice against epistemicide. London, UK: Paradigm Publishers.Google Scholar
Sawyer, S. (2004). Crude chronicles: Indigenous politics, multinational oil, and neoliberalism in Ecuador. Durham, UK: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Séverine, D. (2012). Justice and deliberation about the good life: The contribution of Latin American buen vivir social movements to the idea of justice. Working Paper No. 17 June 2012, Bath Papers in International Development and Wellbeing. Retrieved 30 September, 2015 http://opus.bath.ac.uk/31884/.Google Scholar
Stefanoni, P. (2012). ¿Y quién no querría vivir bien? Encrucijadas del proceso de cambio boliviano” en Cuadernos del Pensamiento Crítico Latinoamericano (53). CLACSO. Retrieved 20 July, 2016 from http://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/se/20120530115053/53-Stefanoni-Encrucijada.pdf.Google Scholar
Távarez, D. (2009). Legally Indian: Inquisitorial readings of indigenous identity in New Spain. In Fischer, A.B. & O'Hara, M.D. (Eds.), Imperial subjects: Race and identity in colonial Latin America (pp. 81–100). Durham, UK: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
The Bible. (1997). Authorized King James version with Apocrypha, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Walsh, C. (2013). Shifting the geopolitics of critical knowledge: Decolonial thought and cultural studies ‘Others’ in the Andes. In Mignolo, W. D. & Escobar, A. (Eds.), Globalization and the Decolonial Option, (pp. 303–368). New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Whitehead, L. (2012). Latin American constitutionalism: Historical development and distinctive traits. In Nolte, D. & Schilling-Vacaflor, A. (Eds.), New Constitutionalism in Latin America: Promises and Practices (pp. 123–160). Oxon, UK: Ashgate Publishing Group.Google Scholar
Womak, J. (1968). Zapata and the Mexican Revolution. New York, NY: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
World Bank. (2013). Inequality in Latin America falls, but challenges to achieve shared prosperity remain. Retrieved 20 July, 2016 from http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2013/06/14/latin-america-inequality-shared-prosperity.Google Scholar
World Economic Forum. (2016). Latin America is the World's most unequal region. Here's how to fix it. Retrieved 17 June, 2016 from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/inequality-is-getting-worse-in-latin-america-here-s-how-to-fix-it/.Google Scholar
Yashar, D.J. (2005). Contesting citizenship in Latin America: The rise of indigenous movements and the postliberal challenge. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Yates, J.S., & Bakker, K. (2013). Debating the ‘post-neoliberal turn’ in Latin America. Progress in Human Geography, 38, 1, 62–90.Google Scholar