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The Turnaround in Sino-Indian Relations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 May 2025

Tarique Niazi
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Many observers have recently argued that the newly forged Indo-U.S. alliance will work against its “intended aims of Chinese encirclement.” Although India denies its part in any attempt at “Chinese containment” to the publicly acknowledged satisfaction of China, the theory nevertheless persists. China's response to the Indo-U.S. alliance is, however, quite creative. Instead of reacting with alarm, Beijing has gone on a charm offensive to draw New Delhi into a triangular entente among China, India and Russia. India, which has languished under foreign subjugation for centuries, has a visceral aversion to strategic alliances with world powers. Since its independence in 1947, it has followed what could be described as the “Third Way” in world diplomacy, which manifested itself in the birth of the Non-aligned Movement (NAM) in the 1950s. China is now building bridges to India based in part on the latter's instinctive wariness of foreign influences, which is evident in India's homegrown opposition to its nuclear deal with the U.S.

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Research Article
Information
Asia-Pacific Journal , Volume 5 , Issue 10 , October 2007 , e7
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Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use or in order to create a derivative work.
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Copyright © The Authors 2007

References

Endnotes

1. Tim Beal (2006). “Using India to Keep China at Bay.” Foreign Policy in Focus, December 12, 2006.

2. John Cherian (2006). “Towards lasting ties: Visiting Chinese President Hu Jintao proposes extensive cooperation between India and China to create a win-win situation.” The Hindu, India, December 15, 2006.

3. “China's global strategy with a difference.” Daily Times, Lahore, November 26, 2006. 6. Also see Mustafa, Abid (2006). “Have Sino-Pak ties reached the end?” The Nation, Pakistan, December 5, 2006.

4. “No scenario to affect ties: Hu.” The Post, Islamabad, November 26, 2006.

5. John Cherian op.cit.

6. Tarique Niazi (2006). “Thunder in Sino-Pakistani Relations.” China Brief, vol. VI (5), March 1, 2006, pp. 1-4.

7. For a detailed review of Sino-Indian trade ties, see Niazi, Tarique (2006). “Asia Between China and India.” Japan Focus, May 31, 2006.

8. Karishma Vaswani (2006). “Chinese firms find all is not rosy in India.” BBC News, November 20, 2006.

9. ibid

10. John Cherian, op.cit.

11. “China says will solve India border issue.” The Dawn, Karachi (Pakistan), March 6, 2007.

12. ibid

13. Kuldip Nayar (2006). “The Indo-China border question.” The Nation (Lahore, Pakistan), December 5, 2006.

14. Tarique Niazi (2006). “Asia Between China and India.” Japan Focus, May 31, 2006.

15. Vladimir Radyuhin (2007). “Putin Visit: Chance of Course Correction.” The Hindu, January 23, 2007.

16. ibid.

17. Rachel Douglas (2007). “Nuclear Power Tops Putin's Agenda in India.” Executive Intelligence Review (EIR), February 9, 2007

18. K. Subrahmanyam (2007). “The Lessons from Putin's visit.” Rediff.com, January 29, 2007.

19. Ibid

20. Praful Bidwai (2007). “US exercising India's military muscles.” Asia Times.

21. “India and China to conduct joint army exercises.” China Daily, June 7, 2007.

22. Tariq Fatemi (2006). “In the wake of Hu's visit.” The Dawn, Karachi, December 2, 2006.

23. Inayatullah (2006). “Hu Jintao visits to South Asia.” The Nation, Lahore (Pakistan), December 2, 2006.

24. “A Milestone.” The Press Trust of India (PTI), November 22, 2006.

25. Khalid Hasan (2006). “China to sign US-like N-deal with India.” Daily Times, Lahore, November 21, 2006.

26. “A Milestone.” The Press Trust of India (PTI), November 22, 2006.

27. ibid.

28. Cherian, op.cit.

29. Rachel Douglas (2007). “Nuclear Power Tops Putin's Agenda in India.” Executive Intelligence Review (EIR), February 9, 2007.

30. Damian Grammaticas (2007). “Russia and India's complex friendship.” BBC News Article, January 26, 2007.

31. Sumit Ganguly (2002). “Assessing India's Response To The Rise of China: Fears and Misgivings.” In Carolyn W. Pumphrey (ed.) The Rise of China in Asia: Security Implications, pp. 95-104. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute.

32. ibid, p.101

33. Kuldip Nayar, op.cit.

34. ibid.

35. Cherian, op.cit.

36. ibid.

37. For an excellent review of Indo-Japanese disagreements over the India's nuclear pact with the U.S., see Massako Toki (2007). “Will Japan Support India's Nukes?” Foreign Policy in Focus (FPIF):

38. K. Subrahmanyam, op.cit.

39. Kuldip Nayar, op.cit.

40. “A Milestone.” The Press Trust of India (PTI), November 22, 2006.