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XXI.—On a MS. Pontifical of a Bishop of Metz of the Fourteenth Century

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2012

E. S. Dewick
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Extract

By the courtesy of our Fellow Thomas Brooke, Esq. a MS. Pontifical is exhibited, with pictured subjects of great beauty and in a splendid state of preservation. It has been briefly described in the Catalogue of the Brooke Library under thetitle Pontificate Romanum and is there set down as the work ofan English scribe, and assigned to the thirteenth century, but it will be presently seen that this description needs revision.

Type
Research Article
Information
Archaeologia , Volume 54 , Issue 2 , 1895 , pp. 411 - 424
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1895

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References

page 411 note a Catalogue of the Manuscripts and Printed Books collected hy Thomas Brooke, F.S.A. (London, 1891), ii. 523.Google Scholar

page 411 note a For example, Roger de Mortival, Bishop of Salisbury (1315–1330), bequeathed a Pontifical to the cathedral church of Salisbury, as shown by an inscription in the book, which is now in the Bodleian Library (Rawlinson, C. 400).

page 412 note a , Gams, Series Episcoporum, Ratisbonæ, 1873, p. 292.Google Scholar The festival of “Clemens Episcopus Metensis” was observed at Metz as a festival of nine lessons, on November 23, the same day as Clemens P.M. elsewhere, and his Translation on May 2.

page 413 note a Bar (contes et dues de). D'azur, semé de croix recroisèttées au pied fiché d'or, à doux bars adossés du même, brochant sur le tout. (, Rietstap, Armorial Général Gouda, 1884, Tome, i. p. 110.)Google Scholar

page 413 note b , Gams, Series Episcoporum, Ratisbonæ, 1873, p. 293.Google Scholar, Grote, Stammtafeln, Leipzie, 1877, p. 334Google Scholar

page 413 note c , Calmet, Histoire Ecclésiastique et Civile de Lorraine, Nancy, 1728, p. 480.Google Scholar

page 414 note a , Murray'sHandbook for France, 1873, p. 668.Google Scholar

page 414 note b , Delisle, Mémoire sur d'Anciens Sacramentaires, Paris, 1886, p. 100.Google Scholar

page 414 note c MS. Latin, 9428. The office is printed in the Appendix to , Duchesne'sOrigines du Culte Chrétien, Paris, 1889Google Scholar.

page 414 note d MS. Latin, 1233. It was formerly in the Colbertine Library, No. 4496, and is referred to by , Martene in De Antiquis Ecclesiœ Ritibus, Venetiis, 1783, i. p. xxiGoogle Scholar.

page 415 note a Hittorpius, Melchior, De Divinis Catholicœ Ecclesiœ Officiis, Parisiis, 1624, p. 119.Google Scholar

page 415 note b Cf. , Duchesne'sOrigines du Gulte Chrétien, Paris, 1889, p. 143.Google Scholar

page 415 note c This is printed in , Hittorpius, De Div. Cath. Eccl. Officiis, Parisiis, 1624, p. 306Google Scholar; and also by , Mabillon, Museum Italicum, vol. ii.Google Scholar See also Smith and Cheetham's Dictionary of Christian Antiquities, Art. Ordo.

page 416 note a It may be remarked that the night vigil before the relics, and the subsequent enclosing of them in the altar of the church, are prominent features in the Roman and in most Continental Pontificals. In many English Pontificals, however, there is no mention of the enclosing of the relics of saints in the sepulchre of the altar. When the enclosing of relics is noticed it is said to be done in the Roman manner (more Romano), when no relics areenclosed the dedication is performed after the English custom (more Anglicano). This is very clearly set forth in a MS. Pontifical in the British Museum (Lansdowne, 451, circa 1400), written for a bishop of London, in which the Roman Use is given as an alternative to the English, but it is added that Roman manner of enclosing relics was seldom used in those days, on account of the scarcityof old relics, and the fact that the canonisation of new saints was a rare event.(“Sciendum est tamen quod variis modis recluduntur reliquie infra altare licet istis temporibus hoc raro fiat propter reliquiarum antiquarum paucitatem et novorum sanctorum raram canonizacionem.” Lansdowne MS. 451, fo. 136 b.) Another difference between the Roman and English mode of dedicating churches is that in the former twelve crosses are painted on the inside walls of th e church only, whilst in the latter twelve crosses are painted on the outside as well as on the inside.

page 416 note a This is printed at length in , Hittorp'sOrdo Romanus, p. 120,Google Scholar but is not given in full in the Pontifical.

page 417 note a In writing the Greek Alphabet the Metz rubric orders the bishop to commence de dextro-angulo ab oriente. The Ordo Romanus, on the contrary, says de sinistro angulo. Perhaps the same corner is meant in both places. The rubric of the Roman Pontifical makes the matter clear by saying ab angulo Ecclesiœ ad sinistram intrantis.

page 418 note a De Antiquis Eccesiae Ritibus, Venetiis, 1783, ii. 261.Google Scholar

page 419 note a Deinde ponat intra in confessionem tres partes de incenso cum litteris sigillo episcopi sigillatis; et tunc recludantur reliquie in confessionem (fo. 46).

page 419 note b Bock, Franz, Geschichte der liturgischen Gewänder des Mittelalters, Bonn, 1859, i. 373,Google Scholar Taf. v. c.

page 419 note c , Cahier, Charactéristiques des Saints, Paris, 1867, i. 375.Google Scholar

page 420 note a De Divinis Cath. Eccl. Officiis, Parisiis, 1624, 107.Google Scholar

page 421 note a This has been already figured and commented on by Dr. J. Wickham Legg in his paper on “The Black Scarf of Modern Church Dignitaries and the Grey Almuce of Mediæval Canons,” in Transactions of the St. Paul's Ecclesiological Society, iii. 48.

page 421 note b British Museum, Cott. MS. Tiberius, B 8, fo.43.

page 421 note c The rubric is as follows: Deinde cantetur offertorium. et dum cantatur offertorium. consecratus offerat consecratori duos magnos panes. et duas fialas uini. et duos magnos cereos. et consecrator oblata leuiter tangat. Facia autem oblatione consecratus osculetur manum consecratoris. (fo. 132).

page 422 note a For an interesting account of combats of this kind reference may be made to a paper by Mr. Pearsall, R. L., in “Some Observations on Judicial Duels, as practised in Germany” (Archæologia, vol. xxix. 348).Google Scholar The combat in the Brooke Pontifical may be compared with the plates which illustrate this paper, especially with Plate xxxv., fig. 1.