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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 January 2012
The great aim of history is to hold up the mirror of the past; but this cannot be done without a knowledge of places as well as of persons. Topography not only illustrates, but also corrects, history: Josephus, for instance, speaks of Jerusalem as having contained occasionally 3,000,000 inhabitants; and in the Jewish War he raises up, by the magic stroke of his pen, countless hosts that never were born; but when we come to examine the localities, we see at once that his statements are preposterous, and that we must accept them at an enormous discount. If topography be so essential an ingredient to history, the more important the events, the more necessary the investigation of the places where the scenes were enacted. It is for this reason that so much attention has of late been directed to the topography of Judea, and of Jerusalem in particular. The inquiry as to the latter has perhaps excited the greater interest from the extreme difficulty with which it is attended. Our information, however, is so rapidly accumulating, that candid minds are now fast converging to a central point.
page 116 note a See post the testimony of the Bordeaux Pilgrims and of Eusebius.
page 117 note a Bellum, v. 4, 1.
page 118 note a ἐφ᾽ ὑψηλῳˉ λόφῳ, Bell. V. 4, 4. περίκρημνον οῷσαν, vi. 8, 1.
page 118 note b Bell. v. 7, 3, where Titus is represented as encamping within the third wall, and as assaulting Hippicus, one of the towers of the palace.
page 118 note c Bell. vi. 8, 1.
page 118 note d See the accompanying Plan (Plate I.), which is based on the Ordnance Survey lately made by the Expedition to the Holy Land under Captain C. W. Wilson, R.E.
page 118 note e Robinson, Biblical Researches, i. 264; iii. 208.
page 118 note f Bell. vi. 8, 1; v. 4, 4.
page 118 note g Bell. v. 4, 4.
page 118 note h Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 208.
page 118 note i Robinson, Bib. Res. i. 265.
page 118 note k Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 167
page 118 note l Robinson, Bib. Res. i. 264, 265. Tobler, Dritte Wanderung, 233.
page 119 note a See Lewin's Siege of Jerusalem by Titus, p. 215.
page 119 note b Robinson, Bib. Res. i. 264.
page 119 note c Pierotti, vol. i. p. 15.
page 119 note d Pierotti, vol. i. p. 19.
page 119 note e Ibid.
page 119 note f Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 185. Tobler's Dritte Wand. 234.
page 119 note g Pierotti, vol. i. p. 19.
page 119 note h Ibid
page 119 note i Mr. Whiting's Letter, Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 632.
page 119 note k Ibid, and see Robinson, Bib. Res. 184.
page 119 note l Tobler's Dritte Wanderung, 234, 255.
page 120 note a Lewin's Siege of Jerusalem by Titus, 218.
page 120 note b Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 205.
page 120 note c City of the Great King, 397. Tobler, i. 216.
page 120 note d Lewin's Siege of Jerusalem by Titus, p. 221.
page 120 note e Tobler's Dritte Wanderung, 234.
page 120 note f Tobler's Dritte Wanderung, 225.
page 121 note a In the Old Testament, Sion signifies the whole mountain shut in between the Valley of Hinnom and the Valley of Jehoshaphat, and is equivalent to Jerusalem as a whole, which occupied the mountain. In the Maccabees, however, Sion signifies the Temple Inclosure, now the Haram.
page 121 note b Bell. v. 4, 3.
page 121 note c Bell. v. 4, 4.
page 121 note d Pierotti, vol. i. p. 29.
page 121 note e Bell. v. 4, 3.
page 121 note f Pierotti, vol. i. p. 29.
page 121 note g Bell. v. 4, 4.
page 121 note h Williams, Holy City.
page 121 note j Bell. v. 4, 3.
page 121 note k Pierotti, vol. i. p. 29.
page 121 note l Bell. v. 5, 3.
page 121 note m Robinson, Bib. Res. i. 308.
page 122 note a Pierotti, vol. i. p. 29.
page 122 note b Handbook for Syria.
page 122 note c Bell. v. 7, 3.
page 122 note d κατὰ βόρειον κλίμα τὸ ἔργον ἦν καὶ κολυμβήθραν Ἀμυγδαλῶν προσαγορευομένην τούτου δὲ τὸ πεντεκαιδέκατον ἀπὸ τριάκοντα πνχῶν ἔχον κατὰ τὸ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως μνημεῶον Bell. v. 11, 4.
page 122 note e Ἡ μὲν εἰς τὰ βασίλεια τείνουσα, τῆς ἐν μέσῳ φάραγγος εἰς δίοδον ἀπειλημμένης. Ant. Jud. XV. 11, 5. That the bridge is here referred to see Ant. Jud. xiv. 4, 2; Bell. vi. 6, 2 ; vi. 8, 1 ; ii. 16, 3 ; i. 7, 2.
page 123 note a Lewin, Siege of Jerusalem by Titus, 216.
page 124 note a Bell. v. 4, 2.
page 124 note b Bell. v. 7, 2.
page 124 note c Bell. v. 7, 3.
page 124 note d Bell. v. 6, 2.
page 124 note e Bell. v. 7, 3.
page 125 note a Bell. v. 9, 2.
page 125 note b Bell. v. 11, 4.
page 125 note c Bell. v. 9, 2.
page 125 note d Bell. v. 5, 8.
page 125 note e Bell. v. 5, 8.
page 125 note f Bell. vi. 7, 2.
page 126 note a Bell. v. 4, 1.
page 126 note b Bell. v. 4, 1.
page 126 note c Called, for instance, the Low Town, Bell. iv. 9, 12.
page 126 note d Bell. v. 7, 3.
page 126 note e Bell. v. 4, 3.
page 126 note f Ibid.
page 127 note a Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 166, 169. Tobler's Dritte Wand. 238.
page 127 note b Lewin's Siege of Jerusalem by Titus, 356.
page 127 note c Pierotti, vol. i. p. 33.
page 127 note d Ibid.
page 127 note e Ibid.
page 128 note a 2 Kings, xiv. 13; 2 Chron. xxv. 23.
page 128 note b 2 Chron. xxxii. 5.
page 128 note c Ibid.
page 128 note d Pierotti, vol. i. p. 25.
page 128 note e Robinson, Bib. Res. 329.
page 128 note f Bell. vi. 5, 1.
page 129 note a Pierotti, vol. i. 25.
page 130 note a ἀμελησάντων καθ᾽ ἃ μὴ λίαν ἡ καινὴ πόλις συνᾡκιστο τειχί
ειν. Bell. v. 6, 2.
page 130 note b Bell. v. 4, 1.
page 130 note c Bell. v. 4, 2.
page 130 note d Bell. v. 3, 2.
page 131 note a Bell. v. 6, 2; v. 9, 2; v. 11, 4.
page 131 note b Robinson, Bib. Res. 180.
page 131 note c Inde ut eas foris murum de Sione euntibus ad portam Neapolitanam, &c.
page 132 note a See Murray's Handbook for Syria, where the chapel is said to have been an ancient cistern.
page 132 note b Euseb. Vit. Const, iii. 36.
page 132 note c Id. iii. 33, 34.
page 132 note d Id. iii. 35.
page 132 note e Id. iii 37.
page 132 note f Id. iii. 40.
page 132 note g Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 166.
page 132 note h Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 168. Tobler's Dritte Wand. 343.
page 132 note i See Vogüé, Eglises de la Terre Sainte, 126.
page 133 note a John, xx. 2.
page 133 note b Mark, xvi. 5.
page 133 note c John, xx 7.
page 133 note d Anton. Placent.
page 133 note e Matthew, xxvii. 60. Mark, xv. 46.
page 133 note f Mark, xvi. 3. Luke, xxiv. 2.
page 133 note g Mark, xxviii. 2.
page 134 note a See further upon this subject Lewin's Siege of Jerusalem by Titus, 394.
page 134 note b Lewin's Siege of Jerusalem by Titus, 394.