IV.—Account of some further Discoveries of Flint Implements in the Drift on the Continent and in England

John Evans Esq.

doi:10.1017/S0261340900004239

IV.—Account of some further Discoveries of Flint Implements in the Drift on the Continent and in England

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 January 2012

John Evans Esq.

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It is now nearly two years since I had the honour of communicating to this Society an account of the discovery of flint implements fashioned by the hand of man, in undisturbed beds of gravel, sand, and clay, both on the Continent and in England.

Type: Research Article
Information: Archaeologia , Volume 39 , Issue 1 , 1863 , pp. 57 - 84

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261340900004239 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1863

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^{page 57 note a} Archæologia, Vol. XXXVIII. p. 280.

^{page 59 note a} Comptes Rendus, 3rd October, 1859.

^{page 59 note b} Actes du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Rouen, 1860, p. 33.

^{page 59 note c} Archéogéologie: Hachettes Diluviennes du Bassin de la Somme. Rapport par M. l'Abbé Cochet, 1860. Gentleman's Mag. March, 1861.

^{page 60 note a} Comptes Rendus de l'Académie, 30th April, 1860.

^{page 61 note a} Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xvi. p. 479.

^{page 61 note b} Cochet, Rapport, p. 8.

^{page 61 note c} Sur un dépot alluvien renfermant des restes d'animaux eteints mêlés à des cailloux façonnés de main d'homme par le Dr. J. B. Noulet. Mémoires de l'Acad. des Sciences de Toulouse, v. ser. tom. iv. p. 265.

^{page 62 note a} The reader may also refer, for an account of a very curious discovery somewhat of the same nature, to M. Lartet's “Researches Respecting the Co-existence of Man with the Great Fossil Mammals,” in the Ann. des Sciences Naturelles, 4me série, tom, xv., of which a translation is given in the Natural History Review for January, 1862.

^{page 63 note a} While upon this subject I may note, as another instance of these worked flints from the Drift having in former times been received as of undoubted human manufacture, that one of those discovered at Hoxne is engraved as a British weapon in Meyrick's Ancient Arms and Armour, vol. i. pi. xlvi. No. 1. It is thus described:—

“No. 1 is of brown and black silex, and seems to have been fastened at the broad end to a handle, in the manner of some of the tomahawks of the. Pacific Ocean, so that the blow might be given by a sharp point, which in this specimen was broken off. It was found with several others at Hoxne in Suffolk, twelve feet below the surface of the ground, and was once in the Leverian Museum.”

^{page 68 note a} See also Lyell's Principles of Geology, 9th edit. p. 312.

^{page 68 note b} Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. vol. xi. p. 110.

^{page 69 note a} Archæologia, Vol. XXXVIII. p 297.

^{page 70 note a} The Hydrobia marginata, a species which has not been found alive in this country, has since been added to this list by Mr. Wyatt. See Proc. Geol. Soc. Jan. 22, 1862.

^{page 72 note a} Letter of Mr. Flower to The Times, Nov. 18th, 1859.

^{page 72 note b} I have thought it better to notice these discoveries in the text, though they have been made since this paper was read. Further accounts of them will be found in Proceedings of the Geological Society, January 22nd, 1862, in the Notes of the Beds Arch. Soc. 1861, p. 145, and in the Reports of the United Arch. Socs. of York, &c, vol. xii. 1861. See also the paper by Mr. Prestwich, in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, vol. xvii. p. 362, where sections are given of the valleys of the Ouse and the Lark, and further geological details of the other places where implements have been found in the valley gravels.

^{page 73 note a} Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. vii. p. 278.

^{page 74 note a} Another implement of the round pointed form has been discovered (Nov. 1861) on the surface of the ground at the top of the hill on the east side of the Darent, about a mile E.S.E. of Horton Kirby, Kent, by Mr. Whitaker, F.G.S., of the Geological Survey.

^{page 79 note a} McEnery's Cavern Researches, edited by E. Vivian, London, 1859, p. 20.

^{page 79 note b} The following extract from a note by Mr. Vivian at page 19 of his edition of McEnery's Cavern Researches is instructive:—

“In the exploration of Kent's Cavern by the Torquay Natural History Society, flints were found beneath the floor, in a portion of the cavern where the stalagmite could never have been broken up without quarrymen's tools. A paper which I wrote on this subject was read before the Geological Society, but wag considered so heterodox that its insertion in the Transactions was delayed until the late lamented Dr. Buckland could again visit the cavern, which he was never able to accomplish.”

In the abstract of this paper, in the Quarterly Journal tof the Geological Society, all the information given is, that “the bones of various extinct species of animals were found in several situations.”

^{page 79 note c} Geologist, vol. iv. p. 154.

^{page 79 note d} Archæologia, Vol. XXXVIII. p. 303.

^{page 79 note e} Schmerling, Recherches sur les Ossemens fossiles découverts dans les Cavernes de la Province de Liège, 1833, vol. i. pp. 30, 62; ii., 139, 177.

^{page 79 note f} Schmerling, op. cit. vol. ii. p. 124.

^{page 80 note a} Schmerling, vol. i. pp. 33, 64.

^{page 80 note b} Schmerling, vol. ii. p. 178. Dans toutes les cavernes de nôtre province oùj'ai trouvé des ossemens fossiles j'ai aussi rencontré une quantité plus ou moins considérable de fragmens de silex, dont la forme régulière a frappé, au premier abord, mon attention. La forme de ces silex est tellement régulière, qu'il est impossible de les confondre avec ceux que l'on rencontre dans la craie et dans le terrain tertiaire.

^{page 80 note c} Ann. des Sciences Nat. 4me serie, vol. xvi. Nat. Hist. Review, 1862, p. 53.

^{page 81 note a} Proc. Geol. Soc. Jan. 22, 1862.

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IV.—Account of some further Discoveries of Flint Implements in the Drift on the Continent and in England

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