I. Observations on the Institution of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. By Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas, G.C.M.G., addressed to Hudson Gurney, Esq., F.R.S., Vice-President; illustrated by the Accounts of the Great Wardrobe of King Edward the Third, from the 29th of September 1344 to the 1st of August 1345; and again from the 21st of December 1345 to the 31st of January 1349

Nicholas Harris Nicolas

doi:10.1017/S0261340900012273

I. Observations on the Institution of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. By Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas, G.C.M.G., addressed to Hudson Gurney, Esq., F.R.S., Vice-President; illustrated by the Accounts of the Great Wardrobe of King Edward the Third, from the 29th of September 1344 to the 1st of August 1345; and again from the 21st of December 1345 to the 31st of January 1349

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 June 2012

Nicholas Harris Nicolas

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Every thing that relates to the History and Institutions of this Country has strong claims upon the attention of the Society of Antiquaries; and I therefore do myself the honour of submitting for its consideration the accompanying Observations on the order of the Garter.

Type: Research Article
Information: Archaeologia , Volume 31 , 1846 , pp. 1 - 163

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261340900012273 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1846

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^{page 5 note *} This Roll, which was formerly in the custody of the Queen's Remembrancer of the Exehequer, is now deposited in the Branch Public Record Office at Carlton Ride.

^{page 7 note *} Sic in orig.

^{page 9 note *} This Roll is in the Branch Public Record Office at Carlton Ride, and is marked “F. L. H. 639.”

^{page 10 note *} Sic in orig

^{page 31 note *} “Blank” cancelled, and “alb” interlined, in original.

^{page 34 note *} Sic, for “dictamen.”

^{page 46 note *} Sic.

^{page 50 note *} Sic. see page 56.

^{page 52 note *} Sic.

^{page 53 note *} Sic.

^{page 56 note *} Sic.

^{page 56 note †} ista .

^{page 57 note *} Sic.

^{page 57 note †} ista .

^{page 58 note *} Sic.

^{page 62 note *} Sic in orig.

^{page 63 note *} Sic.

^{page 65 note *} Sic.

^{page 66 note *} Sic.

^{page 67 note *} Sic.

^{page 70 note *} Sic.

^{page 71 note *} Sic for nota.

^{page 73 note *} Sic.

^{page 74 note *} Sic.

^{page 76 note *} Sic.

^{page 78 note *} Sic.

^{page 79 note *} Sic.

^{page 82 note *} Sic.

^{page 84 note *} Sic.

^{page 86 note *} Sic.

^{page 89 note *} Sic.

^{page 91 note *} Sic.

^{page 96 note *} Sic.

^{page 97 note *} Sic.

^{page 100 note *} Sic.

^{page 101 note *} Sic.

^{page 102 note *} Sic.

^{page 103 note *} Sic.

^{page 104 note a} Rot. Patent. 17 Edw. III. p. 2, m. 2. See Appendix, No. I.

^{page 105 note b} Froissart's original words will be found in the Appendix, No. II.

^{page 106 note c} Extracts from the Writers alluded to will be found in the Appendix, No. III.

^{page 107 note d} Issue Roll of the Exchequer, Mich. 30 Edw. III.

^{page 108 note e} Rot. Patent. 18 Edw. III. p. 1, m. 4. Vide the Appendix, No. IV.

^{page 108 note f} ibid. p. 2, m. 4. Vide the Appendix, No. IV.

^{page 109 note g} Vide p. 6, ante.

^{page 111 note h} See the authorities in the Appendix, No. V.

^{page 111 note i} Rot. Franc. 20 Edw. III. m. 6.

^{page 111 note k} Rot. Franc. 20 Edw. III. p. 1, m. 13.

^{page 111 note l} Rot. Franc, eod. ann.

^{page 112 note m} Rot. Pat. 23 Edw. III. p. 2, m. 24, vide Appendix, No. VI.

^{page 112 note n} “Memoirs of the Order of the Garter.”

^{page 112 note o} Some Remarks on this subject will, however, be found in the Appendix, No. VII.

^{page 113 note p} Wardrobe Accounts, marked “W. N.” 660, now at Carlton Ride.

^{page 115 note q} Vide pp. 26, 40.

^{page 115 note r} Instances in these Wardrobe Accounts of errors in the regnal year will be found in p. 50, where the burial of the King's son William of Windsor is said to have taken place on the 5th of September “Anno Regis xx^do,” instead of “xxij^do;” and again, in p. 72, where a similar error occurs in the date assigned to the delivery of articles for the marriage of the Princess Joan. See pp. 143, 146.

^{page 117 note s} Vide p. 25.

^{page 118 note t} Vide p. 26–28.

^{page 118 note u} Vide p. 40.

^{page 118 note x} Vide pp. 29, 30.

^{page 118 note y} Vide p. 42.

^{page 119 note z} Vide pp. 30, 31.

^{page 119 note a} Vide p. 33.

^{page 119 note b} ibid.

^{page 119 note c} Vide p. 34.

^{page 120 note d} Vide p. 35.

^{page 120 note e} Vide pp. 35. 36.

^{page 120 note f} Vide p. 37.

^{page 121 note g} Vide p. 39.

^{page 121 note h} Vide p. 40.

^{page 121 note i} Vide pp. 40, 41.

^{page 121 note j} Vide p. 41.

^{page 122 note j} Vide p. 41.

^{page 122 note k} Vide p. 42.

^{page 122 note l} Vide p. 43.

^{page 123 note m} Vide p. 44.

^{page 123 note n} Vide p. 45.

^{page 123 note o} Vide p. 46.

^{page 123 note p} Vide pp. 47, 48, 49.

^{page 123 note q} Query Colfakkes, or colfacches, vide p. 114 ante.

^{page 123 note r} Vide p. 49.

^{page 124 note r} Vide Appendix, No. VIII.

^{page 125 note s} Vide p. 50.

^{page 125 note t} Vide p. 42.

^{page 126 note u} Vide the Appendix, No. IX.

^{page 127 note x} Vide p. 33.

^{page 127 note y} See the engraving in p. 141; and see the Account of Articles in the Wardrobe Accounts, from the 14th of February, 24 Edw. III. 1350, to the 30th of September, 25 Edw.III. 1351, in the Appendix, No. X.

^{page 128 note x} Wardrobe Accounts 24 and 25 Edw. III., now in Carlton Ride, marked “W. N. 1215.” Twelve Standards of worsted and two Pennoncels, each bearing the King's arms quarterly, within a Garter, were made in that year, apparently for Saint George's Day, and for the Chapel at Windsor. Vide Appendix, No. X.

Vide p. 33.

^{page 132 note b} The Chronicle of Polydore Vergil, from the MS. Reg. 18. C. VIII. ix. 193, in the British Museum.

^{page 135 note c} In Buckinghamshire, about five miles from Windsor.

^{page 135 note d} Wardrobe Accounts from the 14th February, 24 Edw. III., 1350, to the 30th of September, 25 Edw. III., 1351, marked “W. N. 1215,” now at Carlton Ride. It is however to be observed that as two Feasts of Saint George occurred within the time of those Accounts, viz. in 1350 and 1351, it is not certain for which of them this Robe was prepared; but, from the part of the Roll in which it is mentioned, the probability is that it was made for Saint George's Day in 1350.

^{page 135 note e} Annals, p. 250.

^{page 136 note f} The names of the Knights to whom these Robes were given are not however mentioned.

^{page 136 note g} Exit. Pellis Mich. 25 Edw. III. “Willielmo Retford nuper Clerico Magnæ Garderobæ in partem solutionem clx librarum pro factura viginti et quatuor Robarum cum x cloc. poudr. cum Garteriis broudit. xii standard, de worsted, de armis ejusdem Regis ridell. pro Capella de Wyndesore.” Anstis' Register of the Garter, vol. I. p. 105.

^{page 136 note h} Wardrobe Accounts from the 14th February, 24 Edw. III., 1350, to the 30th of September, 25 Edw. III., 1351, marked “W. N. 1215,” now at Carlton Ride. Vide Appendix, No.

^{page 137 note i} “Cum Literis Sancti Georgii.” Issue Roll of the Exchequer, Mich. 26 Edw. III.

^{page 137 note k} Expenses of Queen Philippa from the 30th of September, 25 Edw. III., 1352, to the 26th Edward III., 1352. “In oblationibus factis ad magnam missam celebratam in capella Castri de Windesore in die Sancti Georgii xiijs. ivd.” Anstis, i. 123, from a MS. in the Cotton Library.

^{page 137 note l} Wardrobe Accounts of the 27th Edw. III. 1353, cited by Anstis, (ii. 50,) and now at Carlton Ride, marked “Y. B. 1204.”

^{page 137 note m} Issue Roll, Mich. 27 Edw. III.

^{page 137 note n} ibid.

^{page 138 note o} Issue Roll, Easter, 32 Edw. III. “Diversis nunciis et cursoribus missis ad diversas partes Angliæ cum literis de privato et secreto Sigillo directis diversis Dominis et Dominabus ad existend.apud Wyndesore ad Festum Sancti Georgii xl. vijs. xjd.” Anstis, ii. 50.

^{page 138 note p} Issue Roll, 32 Edw. III., Easter. Anstis, i. p. 100. “Philippæ Reginæ Angliæ in persolutionem D. librarum quas Dom. Rex sibi liberari mandavit de dono suo in auxilium apparatus sui contra Festum S. Georgii prox. præteritum apud Windesore.”

^{page 138 note q} Issue Roll, Easter, 32 Edw. III. Quoted by Anstis, ii. 50.

^{page 138 note r} See Anstis, ii. 50.

^{page 138 note s} Chronicle of London, 4to. 1827, pp. 63, 64.

^{page 138 note t} Col. 2617.

^{page 139 note u} Those to whose names this mark * is prefixed are considered to have been original Companions, and the others are said to have been elected instead of the twelve following first Founders: Sir Sanchet Dabrichecourt, Sir Richard Fitz-Simon, Sir Thomas Wale, Sir John Lisle, Sir Henry Eam, Sir John Grey, Sir Otho Holand, the Earl of March, Sir John Beauchamp, the Earl of Kent, the Duke of Lancaster, and of the Earl of Northampton, who was not however an original Companion, but was the successor of Sir Hugh Courtenay. Wardrobe Accounts from the 24th of June, 34 Edw. III. 1360, to the 1st of July, 36 Edw. III. 1362, now at Carlton Ride, marked “W. N. 933.”

^{page 139 note x} The King's Sons, afterwards Dukes of Clarence, Lancaster, and York.

^{page 140 note y} Sir Frank Van Hale received Robes for St. George's Feast in 1364, when they were likewise issued to Lord Le Despencer; but there is no satisfactory evidence that Sir Thomas Ufford was a Knight of the Order. Vide History of the Order of the Garter, vol. i. p. 39, note *.

^{page 143 note z} Pp. 9 to 16 passim.

^{page 143 note a} P. 17.

^{page 143 note b} P. 18.

^{page 143 note c} Pp. 19 to 22.

^{page 143 note e} P. 24.

^{page 143 note h} P. 50.

^{page 144 note i} P. 50.

^{page 144 note k} Pp. 50, 51.

^{page 144 note l} P. 56.

^{page 144 note m} P. 57.

^{page 144 note n} “Genealogical History of the Kings of England,” Ed. 1683, p. 178. King Edward the Third's second son was William of Hatfield, who was born at that place in 1336, and was named after his grandfather William Count of Hainault: he died young, and was buried in York cathedral. ibid. p. 177.

^{page 144 note o} Vide p. 160, post.

^{page 144 note p} See various documents on the subject in the Fœdera, N.E. vol. iii. pp. 146 to 157 passim.

^{page 144 note q} Sandford, p. 178, who supposed that she was contracted to Alphonso King of Castile himself, instead of his son; and says she was “intituled Queen of Spain.”

^{page 144 note r} ibid. pp. 171, 172.

^{page 144 note s} Pp. 52, 53.

^{page 144 note t} P. 54.

^{page 146 note t} Pp. 72, 73.

^{page 146 note u} Pp. 74–78.

^{page 146 note v} Pp. 82, 83.

^{page 146 note w} Vide pp. 59–70.

^{page 146 note x} P. 71.

^{page 146 note y} Pp.83–84, 92.

^{page 147 note z} P. 84.

^{page 147 note a} P. 86.

^{page 147 note b} P. 86.

^{page 147 note c} Pp. 91, 92.

^{page 147 note d} P. 92.

^{page 147 note e} P. 93.

^{page 147 note f} P. 94.

^{page 147 note g} P. 95.

^{page 147 note h} P. 99.

^{page 147 note i} P. 95–98.

^{page 148 note f} Or dorsers, hallings, or hangings for a hall or room, usually made of tapestry. Vide Promptorium Parvulorum, edited by Albert Way, Esq. pp. 124, 125.

^{page 148 note k} P. 101–103.

^{page 158 note *} “Cup.”

^{page 158 note t} “War-horse.”

^{page 159 note *} “Courser.”

^{page 159 note t} « Hobby.”

^{page 159 note ‡} “Sumpter.”

^{page 159 note §} “The Lady Joan, affianced to Don Pedro, Infante of Spain.”

^{page 159 note ॥} “Isabel, eldest daughter of Edward III., married in 1365 to Ingelram de Coucy, created Earl of Bedford.”

^{page 160 note *} “Beaker.”

^{page 160 note} “William of Windsor, buried at Westminster, 5th September 1348.”

^{page 161 note *} “Joan of Kent, afterwards consort of the Black Prince.”

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