XXV.—Two Inventories of the cathedral church of St. Paul, London, dated respectively 1245 and 1402

W. Sparrow Simpson

doi:10.1017/S0261340900007396

^{page 440 note a} Volumen tertium et ultimum, folio. In the Savoy, 16V3, p. 309 et seqq.

^{page 420 note b} The third edition, folio. London, 1818, pp. 310-335.

^{page 440 note c} A very careful transcript of both these documents has been made for me by Mr. R. E. G, Kirk, to whose minute accuracy I am much indebted.

^{page 441 note a} , Dugdale, Monasticon, vol. vi. p. 1279, col. 2Google Scholar.

^{page 441 note b} It is a folio volume, about fourteen inches in height by nine and a half in width, bound in wooden boards (very much decayed), covered with a rough skin of leather.

^{page 441 note c} Nearly ten and a half inches in height by about six inches in width.

^{page 441 note d} The statutes are printed in my Begistrum Statutorum et Consuetudinum Ecclesiae Gathedralis. S. Pauli Londinensis.

^{page 442 note a} Twelve and a half inches in height by four and a half in breadth.

^{page 442 note b} Below this inscription is written in characters, so faint that they can with difficulty be deciphered, “De pecunia et argento fracto nota fo. 4^to.”

^{page 442 note c} Church of Our Fathers, i. 165-7.

^{page 443 note a} Dr. Rock, ii. 163.

^{page 444 note a} , Dugdale, 8. Paul's, 15, edit. 1818Google Scholar.

^{page 444 note b} Dugdale gives copious details about the shrine.

^{page 444 note c} “Haec duo sunt collateralia in magno altari.”

^{page 444 note a} Dugdale, 15.

^{page 445 note a} Account supplemented from Inventory of 1295.

^{page 446 note a} Under the word Kalendae.

^{page 446 note b} See Part vi. cap. 9, of the statutes as incorporated by bishop Baldock and dean Lisieux in my Registrum Statutorum, &c. See, especially, the statute De Officio Puerorum in Festo Sanctorum Innocentium.

^{page 447 note a} See Brand, , Popular Antiquities. Bohn's edition, i. 428Google Scholar.

^{page 447 note b} Dr. Rock, ii. 249, 250, figures a good example of each.

^{page 447 note a} Dr. Rock, ii. 33. “The ornaments on the backs of episcopal gloves, when not done in embroidery, but made of silver or gold plate, are likewise called tasselli.”

^{page 449 note a} Church of Our Fathers, i 322, and frontispiece.

^{page 450 note a} , Rock, Textile Fabrics, 76, 77Google Scholar.

^{page 450 note b} Dr. , Rock, Church of our Fathers, i. 415Google Scholar.

^{page 450 note c} Exodus, xxviii. 33.

^{page 452 note a} Dugdale, 16.

^{page 452 note b} Dugdale, 315.

^{page 452 note c} Dugdale, 336.

^{page 452 note d} Dr. Rock figures such a, flabellum, iii. part 2, 198.

^{page 452 note e} Dugdale, 315, Inventory of 1295.

^{page 453 note a} Dugdale, 338, ib.

^{page 453 note b} Dr. Rock, i. 257,

^{page 453 note c} Dr. Rock, i. 254.

^{page 453 note d} Commentaria in Apocalypsin, xxi. 19.

^{page 457 note a} Dugdale, 183.

^{page 457 note b} Rimbault, Dr., Old Cheque Booh of the Chapel Royal. Introd. xvGoogle Scholar.

^{page 457 note c} For full details, see an article on Plain Song in Sir George Grove's Dictionary of Music, by W. S. Rockstro.

^{page 459 note a} , Foxe, Acts and Mon. ii, 976, col. 2, ed. 1596. Cited by Dr. Rock, ii. 48Google Scholar.

^{page 459 note b} , Ritson, Metrical Romances, vol. iii. (Dr. Rock, ii. 46)Google Scholar.

^{page 460 note a} I gladly acknowledge the valuable aid which I have received in this collation from my younger son, C. Sparrow Simpson, Trin. Coll. Camb.

^{page 460 note b} Polio, London, 1658. The writer is so fortunate as to possess Sir Christopher Wren's own copy with his autograph signature.

^{page 460 note c} Monastici Anglicani volumen tertium et ultimum. Savoy. 1673.

^{page 460 note d} The present press-mark of Liber I. is W.D. 16; that of the small quarto MS. is W.D. 3.

^{page 460 note e} The references are to Dugdale, History of St. Paul's, edit. Sir H. Ellis.

^{page 461 note a} That is, Petrus Blesensis, Peter of Blois, archdeacon of London In 1192.

^{page 462 note a} That is, Fulk Lovell (not C. Lovell, as in Dugdale's text), archdeacon of Colchester, who was elected bishop of London on the death of bishop Chishull in 1279-80, but declined to be consecrated.

^{page 463 note a} Many paragraphs are omitted which give an account of the properties with which the various chantries are endowed; but as these appear to be omitted upon a definite plan, very capriciously applied however, they are not inserted here.

^{page 464 note a} Henry de Cornhill, dean, 1243-54; Alexander, probably Swerford, he died in 1246; Robert de Barton, prebendary of Willesdon, precentor 1246, dean 1256-9; J. de Bulemere, prebendary of Harleston.

^{page 464 note b} Alard de Burnham succeeded Ralph de Diceto as dean. He died in 1216.

^{page 465 note a} Robert de Clifford, prebendary of Portpoole in 1192.

^{page 465 note b} In 1336, one Gilbert de Bruera became dean; probably a member of the same family.

^{page 465 note c} Gladiolus: Carex vel Carectum. Anglis, Sedge. Ducange.

^{page 465 note d} Henry de Northampton was prebendary of Kentish Town in 1181.

^{page 465 note e} For documents relating to the hospital of St. Thomas of Aeon, London, see Dugdale Monasticon, vi. 645-8.

^{page 466 note a} Henry de Wingham, chancellor of England, bishop of London 1259-60 to 1262. I am unable to explain tbe fact of his being styled Bishop in this document.

^{page 466 note b} Aymalo, enamel.

^{page 466 note c} William the Hermit, or Eremita, was prebeadary of Portpoole in 1226 and 1267. Le Neve.

^{page 466 note d} Eustace de Fauconberge, treasurer of the Exchequer, bishop of London, 1221-8.

^{page 466 note e} Probably William of St. Mary's church, successively dean of St. Martin's, dean of St. Paul's, and bishop of London 1199-1221.

^{page 467 note a} Osbert de Camera, canon in 1192. Newcourt.

^{page 467 note b} The bishops named are Eustace de Fauconberge, Eoger le Noir (Roger Niger), and Fulke Basset.

^{page 467 note c} The words between brackets are added by another hand.

^{page 467 note a} An incense boat.

^{page 467 note a} Botrus, a bunch of grapes.

page 468 note * These entries are made by another hand at the foot of a column.

^{page 468 note a} Henry de Wingham, ut supra.

^{page 468 note b} Fulke Bassett, ut supra.

^{page 468 note c} Gilbert Foliot, bishop of London, 1163-1167, 8.

^{page 468 note d} Eustace de Fauconberge.

^{page 468 note e} Fulke Bassett.

^{page 468 note f} Richard de Stortford appears as chancellor of St. Paul's in 1184. He held the prebend of Harleston.

^{page 468 note g} Neelata, ornamented with niello.

^{page 468 note h} Inter ministeria sacra recensetur quo scilicet Sacerdotes ac Olerici antequam in Ecclesiam procederent, crines pecterent. Ducange.

^{page 468 note i} Perhaps Henry III., who was in the 29th year of his reign when this Inventory was taken.

^{page 468 note j} The words within brackets are added by another hand.

^{page 469 note a} Three bishops of London had already borne this Christian name, R. de Belmeis I., R. de Belmeis, II., and Richard de Ely surnamed FitzNeale. It may be inferred from the ut dicitur that the earliest of these is intended.

page 469 note * These entries are inserted by another hand.

^{page 469 note b} John de S. Laurentio was prebendary of St. Pancras in 1192.

^{page 469 note c} Alexander Swerford, treasurer of St. Paul's.

^{page 469 note d} Fulke Bassett, bishop of London.

^{page 469 note e} Filacterium, theca minor sacrarum reliquiarum, quse ad collum Filacteriis seu vittis appensa in processionibus portabatur. Ducange.

^{page 469 note f} The great shrine of St. Erkenwald “stood on the east side of the wall above the high altar.” Dugdale, 15. The shrine here mentioned may have been one of smaller dimensions.

^{page 469 note g} Perhaps Geoffrey de Lucy, dean, who died in 1241.

^{page 469 note h} A more famous sapphire of great virtue for healing of infirmities of the eyes was presented to the shrine in 15 Rich. II., by Richard de Preston, citizen and grocer.

^{page 470 note a} Mellitas, the companion of St. Augustine and first bishop of London.

^{page 470 note b} Ricardi Episcopi tercii. Richard de Ely, surnamed FitzNeale, bishop of London 1189-1198.

^{page 470 note c} Addubbatum: a very favourite word with this scribe. Cf. addoubed, armed or accoutred. Adouber, old French. See Nares, who quotes an illustrative passage from Sidney's Arcadia. See also Halliwell.

^{page 470 note d} King Ethelbert was a great benefactor to the cathedral church. He gave to it the manor of TilKngham, which is still in the hands of the dean and chapter.

^{page 470 note e} Bishop William, the king's chaplain was consecrated in 1051; was present at the Council of London in 1075; and, dying shortly afterwards, was buried in the cathedral church. Probably he is the bishop whose shrine is here described.

^{page 471 note a} Auriculare: Gall. Oreiller, pulvinar. Ducange.

^{page 471 note b} Potentia: scipio, fulcrum subalare, nostris vulgo Potence. Ducange. A staff, or crutch, T-shaped.

^{page 471 note c} St. Thomas à. Becket.

^{page 471 note d} Enichmus: see note on page 86.

^{page 471 note e} Adam. In an old legend Adam is buried on the precise spot on which the Cross was erected, and the blood of the Crucified falling upon Adam's tomb calls him back to life. In a fourteenth century miniature, figured by Mrs. Jameson, History of our Lord, ii. 207-8 (from Arundel MS. 83, Brit. Mus.), Adam rises from his tomb at the foot of the cross, and holds a chalice to catch the sacred blood.

^{page 471 note f} Turquoises: see note on page 86.

^{page 471 note g} Alamandinae, Alabandinae, or Alavandinae . . gemmae ex Alabanda, Cariae urbo. Ducange. See also note on page 87.

^{page 472 note a} [Hie Ba]culus acomo[dav]it abba[tissa] Romesseye [et te]net enm. Sed. … Radulfus de … ho promisit … de veram … ur. Et in … lo. This note is by a later hand.

^{page 472 note b} Cambuca, or cambuta: baculus incurvatus, virga pastoralis Episcoporum. Ducange.

^{page 472 note c} Massitio: probably the same as macissus, solidus. Ib.

^{page 472 note d} Revoculo: probably an error for revolutio.

^{page 472 note e} Baculus Stultorum:

An important article on the Episcopus Stultorum will be found in Ducange (Hcnschel's edition) under the word Kalendae. “Festum Hypodiaconorum, quod vocamus Stultorum, a quibusdam perficitur in Circumcisione, a quibusdam vero in Epiphania vel in ejus octavis. Fiunt autem quatuor tripudia post Nativitatem Domini in Ecclesia, Levitarum scilicet, Sacerdotum, Puerorum, id est, minorum aetate et ordine, et Hypodiaconorum, qui ordo incertus est.” For centuries the dis-reputable rites of the feast, in which the holiest omces and orders were made matters of the lightest jesting, found favour with all sorts and conditions of men; and it was not abolished until after long and strenuous efforts had been made for its suppression.

In the Abbé Migne's Bictionnaire des Mysteres (Fête des Fous), an account is given of the establishment of a sort of Féte des Fous at St. Sophia by “Théophylacte fils de léempereur, nomme patriarche de Sainte-Sophie à peine encore âgé de seize ans:—

“C'est à ce patriarche, dit Cédrénus, que remonte l'usage qui a duré jusqu'à nos jours, de substituer dans les plus grandes fêtes et les plus solennelles, consacrées soit à Dieu, soit aux saints, l'outrage de chansons indécentes, de rires et de cris insensés, aux hymnes sacrées que nous devon offrir à Dieu pour notre salut. Ce pontife rassemblant une troupe de debauches et mettant Buthymius à leur tête, fit de cet homme le gardien du temple, et institua, par son enterprise, des danses diaboliques, des cris infernaux et des chansons ramassées dans les carrefours.”

Some remains of this rite lingered till 1606 in the diocese of Viviers, where there was actually a law-suit between the Fools and their Bishop, because the latter declined to carry out the fete. The official before whom the cause was heard decided in favour of the Fools.

Ducange does not hesitate to say that the feast was called Festum Hypodiaconorum, not because sub-deacons only took part in it, but rather that this was a jocular designation. “Soudiacres, id est, ad literam, saturi Diaconi, quasi Diacres saouls.”

^{page 473 note a} The precentor's staff. A fine example of such a staff of the fourteenth century is figured in Dr. Lee's Glossary of Liturgical and Ecclesiastical Terms.

^{page 473 note b} … d's Dungun (?) [accomo]davit alium.… abbatisse [de Ca]damo, nee … tuit. This note is by a later hand.

^{page 473 note c} Peridot or peritot, Gemma viridi coloris smaragdo durior sed minoris pretii. At the moment of his martyrdom, Thomas à, Becket was wearing a ring set with a peridot. Ducange. See also note on page 87.

^{page 473 note d} John de Belemains held the prebendal stall of Ohiswick in 1225.

^{page 473 note e} The boy bishop.

^{page 473 note f} Perulis et margaritis: small pearls and large.

^{page 474 note a} Lappa: cardui species, a thistle. Ducange.

^{page 474 note b} Semella, the sole. Fr. Semelle.

^{page 474 note c} Sotulares, subtalares, shoes, Fr. Souliers.

^{page 474 note d} The dotted words were intended to be omitted.

^{page 474 note e} The words within brackets are added by another hand.

^{page 474 note f} Pulvinar, a cushion or pillow.

^{page 474 note g} That is, in the chapel of St. Radegund.

^{page 474 note h} Geoffrey de Lucy, dean of St. Paul's, died 1241.

^{page 474 note i} Roger Niger, bishop.

^{page 474 note k} Maurice de Herlawe, or Herla, prebendary of Twyford in 1218. His obit was observed on August 17.

^{page 475 note a} Alard de Burnham, ut supra.

^{page 475 note b} The obit of Richard de Ely, or FitzNeale, was observed in the cathedral church on April 4. It is probable that he is the bishop of the text; 1189-1198.

^{page 475 note c} Richard de Stortford, prebendary of Harleston, chancellor in 1184. He died in or about 1215.

^{page 475 note d} Probably Peter de Newport, archdeacon of London.

^{page 476 note a} Godfrey de Wesenham, canon in 1243.

^{page 476 note b} The words within brackets are added by another hand.

^{page 476 note c} Henry de Norhampton.

^{page 476 note d} Kamacu: Kamahutus, a sardonyx.

^{page 476 note e} Robert de Clifford, prebendary of Portpoole in 1192.

^{page 476 note f} Presme: see note on page 87.

^{page 476 note g} William de Norhall, bishop of Worcester, held the stall of Neasdon in 1177, when he was archdeacon of Gloucester.

^{page 476 note h} Richard de Windesore held the stall of Oxgate in 1192.

^{page 476 note i} Ista po[nitur] in emenda[tionem] aliarum. This note is by another hand.

^{page 476 note k} Roger the chaplain; his obit was observed on November 16.

^{page 476 note l} Richard Ruffus, archdeacon of Essex 1142-62; his obit was observed on January 18.

^{page 477 note a} Ralph de Diceto, the historian, became dean in 1181.

^{page 477 note b} Henry de Cornhill, chancellor 1217-1241, dean 1243-1254.

^{page 477 note c} William de Ely, the king's treasurer, held the stall of Cadington minor in 1192, and died in 1223.

^{page 477 note d} Richard de Ely (surnamed FitzNeale), bishop 1189-98.

^{page 477 note e} John de Sancto Lanrentio, canon ] 192-1222. His obit was observed on August 25.

^{page 477 note f} The dots are marks of intended omission.

^{page 477 note g} Roger de Wygornia, prebendary of Bromesbury in 1192.

^{page 477 note h} Cincius, Cinchius, Cynthius Romanus, prebendary of Rugmere. His obit was observed on November 6.

^{page 478 note a} Richard de Wendover died in 1252, Prebendary of Neasdon.

^{page 478 note b} Convertitur in alios usus. Note by another hand.

^{page 478 note c} P. Winton: probably Peter de Rupibus, Sir Pierre des Roches, knight, consecrated at Rome, bishop of Winchester in 1205; he died 1238.

^{page 478 note d} Modo inde casula. Added in the margin by a later hand.

^{page 478 note e} Contrafactus: fictus, supposititius.

^{page 478 note f} Imperiali: see note on page 47.

^{page 478 note g} Dublettus: a doublet.

^{page 478 note h} Alexander de Sackville, prebendary of Cadington Major, about 1162.

^{page 479 note a} Gilbert de Banaster, prebendary of Consnmpta per Mare in 1192 and 1215.

^{page 479 note b} Note by a later hand: Inde factae parure et frontalia.

^{page 479 note c} This last remark seems to apply to the preceding item also.

^{page 479 note d} Lista: ora, limbus.

^{page 479 note e} Martin de Pateshull, dean of St. Paul's, died in 1229.

^{page 480 note a} Ralph de Diceto.

^{page 480 note b} Richard de Camera, prebendary of Chamberlainswood about 1213.

^{page 480 note c} Apud a.… Note by another hand.

^{page 480 note a} Arista, or Aresta. Idem omnino videtur quod Aras, operis scilicet Atrebatici. Ducange; work of Arras. But Dr. Rock, Textile Fabrics, observes that “Arras had not won for itself a reputation for its tapestry before the fourteenth century,” and contends that the cloth of Areste took its name not from the place where it was woven but from the use to which it was generally put, namely, for hangings about churches. This cloth of Areste was however light enough for tunicles.

^{page 481 note a} Peter of Blois, archdeacon of London, and prebendary of Hoxton. See more in Le Neve, ii. 318.

^{page 481 note b} Perhaps Richard Foliot, who was archdeacon of Colchester between 1163 and 1187.

^{page 481 note c} Et crista triphura[ta]? This is written by another hand in the margin, bnt it is not clear to which paragraph it relates.

^{page 482 note a} This paragraph has been crossed through with red ink.

^{page 482 note b} Wlfstanus, Vlfstan, or Wlmann, dean of St. Paul's in the time of bishop Maurice, 1085-1107. His obit was kept October 2.

^{page 482 note c} In 1295 this chasuble is described as that “Godithae de Coventre,” and is said to be “suspensa et fracta, reservatur ad faciendum alias.”

^{page 482 note d} Or gnullato.

^{page 482 note e} Hugo de Orivalle, a Norman, succeeded bishop William in 1075; he died of leprosy, 12 January 1084-5. The precious stones enumerated in the inventory of 1295 are not mentioned here.

^{page 482 note f} St. Alphege, archbishop of Canterbury, martyred April 19,1012.

^{page 482 note g} Samite: a stuff composed sometimes wholly of silk, pannus holosericus, but frequently inter-woven with gold and silver. Planché, Cydopcedia of Costume. Dr. Rock, Textile Fabrics, derives the word from éΖ, six, and μίτοι, threads; the number of the strings in the warp of the texture” Hence to say of any silken tissue, that it was examitum or samit, meant that it was six-threaded, and therefore costly and splendid.”

^{page 483 note a} N. Archidiaconi, or, in the Inventory of 1295, more fully, Nicholai. Nicholas was arch-deacon of London in 1181.

^{page 483 note b} Otho, the Legate. See the highly graphic account of the Council held in St. Paul's 1237. in Milman's Annals, p. 48 et seqq.

^{page 483 note c} The words within brackets are added by another hand.

^{page 483 note d} Pampe, Gallica, videtur deducta a Pampinus. En une fleur de lys a trois Pampes ou neurons, &c. Ducange.

^{page 484 note a} This last word is added by another hand.

^{page 484 note b} Maurice, bishop of London, 1086-7 to 1107.

^{page 484 note c} Otho, see above.

^{page 485 note a} Laurentius Romanus, prebendary of Brownswood, and of Oxgate.

^{page 485 note b} Sic in orig.

^{page 485 note c} Imperiale: Panni prefcioris species. Ducange. Probably “woven at a workshop kept up by the Byzantine emperors [at Constantinople], and bearing about it some small though noticeable mark, it took the designation of Imperial.” It was in use in Trance as late as the second half of the fifteenth century. Dr. Rock, Textile Fabrics, 40.

^{page 485 note d} Giffones: sic, in error for griffonibus.

^{page 486 note a} The words within brackets are added by another hand.

^{page 486 note b} The words within brackets are added by another hand. Berling or Barling, a manor in Essex belonging to St. Panl's. “Ecclesia de Berling a est in dominio Canonieoram,” &c. Hale's Domesday of St. Paul's, 149.

^{page 487 note a} Urlare: orulani vel limbos inserere: Gall. Orler: Ducange.

^{page 487 note b} Uriel, Barathiel. Uriel, an archangel, “the fire of God.”

^{page 487 note c} Possibly this may be Ricardus de Belmeis I., who died in 1127-8. “He seems to have endeavoured to get the archiepiscopal dignity restored to the see of London.” Le Neve, ii. 281.

^{page 487 note d} Alba d[a] tur apud Ardhle. . et remanet residuum. Ardleigh, Brdele, Brdeley, &c. a manor said to have been given to St. Paul's by Athelstan. Hale's Domesday, iii,

^{page 487 note e} D^achones, for drachones, i.e., dracones.

^{page 488 note a} The words within brackets are inserted by a later hand.

^{page 488 note b} This seems to be the same as the “vestimentum quod dicitur Sneyl” of the Inventory of 1295.

^{page 488 note c} This word is inserted by a later hand.

^{page 488 note d} Gemella: probably diminutive of gemma. Ducange.

^{page 488 note e} This word is inserted by another hand.

^{page 489 note a} The words within brackets are inserted by another hand. Probably Belchamp, a manor belonging to the dean and chapter.

^{page 489 note b} This word is inserted by another hand.

^{page 489 note c} William, the chamberlain of bishop Eoger Niger.

^{page 489 note d} “et ponuntur parurae snper vestimentum sericum.” This is added in the margin by a later hand.

^{page 489 note e} Superhumerale: an amice. (The term occurs in archbishop Ecgberht's Pontifical. Archaeologia, xxv. 28.

^{page 489 note f} Poenitentiarius: the name of the office appears as late as 1724, See Visitation of bishop Gibson in my Registrum, &c. p. 289.

^{page 489 note g} Bello Campo: Beauchamp.

^{page 490 note a} Puro inserted by another hand.

^{page 490 note b} Bsmall: Esmaillus, encaustum: Gall. Email: Ducange. Enamel.

^{page 490 note c} Jaguntiis. Probably for jacintus, hyacinthus, a jacinth. The jacinth, sometimes called hyacinth, is an orange-red variety of the garnet. Streeter's Precious Stones, part ii. p. 81.

^{page 490 note d} This entry is crossed through with red ink.

^{page 491 note a} Baldakinus, Baldekinus (Baudekinus): Pannus omnium ditissimus, cujus utpote stamen ex filo aurj, subtemen ex serico tegitur, plumario opere intertextus, sic dictus quod Baldacco, seu Babylone in Perside, in Occidentals provincias deferretur. Ducange.

With samites and baudekyns

Were curtained the gardens.

Romance of King Alexander. Planché, Dictionary.

Dr. Rock, Textile Fabrics, p. 40, derives Baudekin from Baldak or Bagdad, which “held for no short length of time the lead all over Asia in weaving fine silks, and, in special, golden stuffs.”

^{page 491 note b} The words within brackets are inserted by another hand.

^{page 491 note c} Citacus, i.e., Psittacus: a parrot, so called, it is said, from Psittace, a city near the Tigris.

^{page 491 note d} Added by another hand, the last word being cut off.

^{page 491 note e} Probably Thomas of Savoy, count of Flanders, who came to London in 1240. See Matthew Paris, iv. 19. R.S.

^{page 491 note f} The scribe writes baudekini or baudekina as it pleases him.

^{page 491 note g} Scil. rotas.

^{page 492 note a} The tomb of bishop Roger Niger, figured in Dugdale, p. 58, stood between the north aisle and the choir; a tablet, recording a remarkable storm which occurred whilst he was celebrating mass, hung beside it.

“Bishop Niger was canonised by popular acclamation: his tomb was visited by devout worshippers, and indulgences granted for this pious work.” Milman, Annals, 56.

^{page 492 note b} The scribe has written alium. I suppose that aniinalium is intended.

^{page 492 note c} Citaci, see above.

^{page 492 note d} Comitissa Provinciae: Beatrice countess of Provence, daughter of Thomas of Savoy, arrived in London in 1243; “mater reginarum Franciae et Angliae, mulier decoris expectabilis, prudens, et civilis.” See the account of her reception in Matthew Paris, iv. 261. The streets were decorated from London Bridge to Westminster, “cortinis, aulaeis, et diversis aliis ornamentis,” at the king's desire.

^{page 492 note e} Bishop Fulke Bassett, see above.

^{page 493 note a} Probably Alexander Swerford, see above.

^{page 493 note b} William Joymer was mayor of London in 1239.

^{page 493 note c} The two items within brackets are inserted by another hand.

^{page 493 note d} Probably Henry de Cornhill, dean.

^{page 493 note e} William de Raleigh, consecrated bishop of Norwich in St. Paul's, 25 September 1239; translated to Winchester 1244; died 1250 at Touraine. The name is also spelt Ralee, Raley, or Radley.

^{page 494 note a} Regina: Eleanor of Provence, queen of Henry III. Edward, the first-born, was born 16 June, 1239; Margaret her eldest daughter was born 1241.

^{page 494 note b} Comes Sarum: William Longespee, earl of Salisbury. “Comes Saresbiriensis initio mensis Martii [1242] de Terra Sancta rediens, applicuit sanus et incolumis in Anglia.” Matthew Paris, Chronica Majora, vol. iv. p. 188. See the account of his prowess and death, ib. v. 153, &c.

^{page 494 note c} “Eisdem diebus, comes Cantiae, Hubertus videlicet de Burgo, plenus dierum . . quarto idus Maii [1243] laudabiliter diem clausit extremum apud Banstude manerium suum,” Matt. Paris) iv. 243.

^{page 494 note d} Culcitra or Culcita: cushions.

^{page 494 note e} John de Tholosan was sheriff of London in 1237. He witnesses a deed preserved among the muniments, press A, box 20, No. 301.

^{page 494 note f} Willielmus de Fortibus, comes de Albemarla, in Mari Mediterraneo peregrinans, cum nullo modo potest comedere et octo diebus jejunando martirium protelasset, die Veneris proxima ante Pascham [1241] . . spiritum suum . . Christo. resignavit.” Matthew Paris, iv. 174. After many vicissitudes he had been left by Hen. III. in Britany as one of the chiefs of the army.

^{page 494 note g} Scil: rotas.

^{page 494 note h} Oliver Vitalis was the bearer of a letter from Saladin to the Pope in 1184. Ralph de Diceto ii. 25. One J. Vitalis was witness to a deed (preserved in St. Paul's) in 1238. He is there called John Vital.

^{page 495 note a} William de Sanctae Mariae Ecclesia, consecrated bishop of London at Westminster, 23 May, 1199.

^{page 495 note b} “Willelmus de Wrotham, custos portuum maris,” 1211. Matthew Paris enumerates him amongst the evil advisers of king John, ii. 533.

^{page 495 note c} Probably Ranulf de Bisacia, who held the prebendal stall of Newington 1217-43.

^{page 495 note d} Richard de Brus is mentioned as a benefactor to St. Paul's in the Inventory of 1295. Dugdale, 329; and the lady Isabel de Brus is specially named in ari indulgence granted by Albinus, bishop of Brechin, ib. 10.

^{page 495 note e} Thalones: sic in MS., but probably we should read chalones, chalo, chalonus, Pars supellectilis lecti, straguli species. Ducange.

^{page 495 note f} Canabo, kanabo: a canopy. In Augustine, Ser. 61 de temjpore, canaba is a hut.

^{page 496 note a} Cortina: a curtain. Cf. Vulg. Exodus xxxvj. 1.

^{page 496 note b} Papilio: Tabemaculum, tentorium. Ducange.

^{page 496 note c} This entry is crossed through with red ink.

^{page 496 note d} Custodia; the cover.

^{page 496 note e} Relics inserted in the cover of a book. See Rock, , Church of our Fathers, i. 360Google Scholar. A Textus in the British Museum, “beautifully bound in plates of silver, parcel gilt and studded with precious stones. On one side stands out in relief a crucifix, gilt, but hollow within, and holding a lump of wax in which is imbedded a saint's relic.”

^{page 496 note f} Theodoras, probably the archbishop of Canterbury, consecrated in 668.

^{page 496 note g} Probably Hugh de Orivalle, bishop of London 1075.

^{page 496 note h} Archbishop Anselm consecrated Richard de Belmeis as bishop of London at Pageham, 26 July, 1108.

^{page 497 note a} Liber A, a cartulary of St. Paul's, is still called Liber Pilosus on account of its hairy cover.

^{page 497 note b} ix. in text, not xi.

^{page 497 note c} Ricardus: probably Richard de Belmeis I.

^{page 497 note d} Vespere, &c. St. Matthew, xxviii. 1.

^{page 497 note e} Ascendente eo in naviculam. St. Matthew, viii. 23.

^{page 497 note f} “Ponuntur in armariolo.” Note by another hand.

^{page 498 note g} Guberna, &c. This collect does not occur in the office of St. Erkenwald, which I have printed in my Documents, &c. (Camden Society).

^{page 498 note h} Exiit edictum: St. Luke, ii. 1.

^{page 499 note a} The words in brackets are struck out. The rest are added by another hand.

^{page 499 note b} Corde creditur: see Sarum Breviary. Capitulum, Eomans x. 10. In Natali Sancti Andreae.

^{page 499 note c} Hugh de Raculf, canon, appears as witness to a deed in the time of Ralph de Diceto. Press A, box 2, No. 616.

^{page 500 note a} De S. Vitha, in Inventory of 1295 as printed in Dugdale; but in the original it is Sancta Ositha.

^{page 500 note b} Thomas Stowe, dean of St. Paul's, 1400-1405. Walter Coke was prebendary of Holborn in 1397 and 1421 and treasurer in 1399. William Stortford, (formerly treasurer, archdeacon of Middlesex 1393-1416.

^{page 500 note c} Pertica: patibuli species, cui rei suspenduntur: Ducange. But here, obviously, a beam or frame from which vestments could be suspended.

^{page 500 note d} The stately tomb of John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, is figured in Dugdale, 60.

^{page 501 note a} Walter de Aldebery was collated to the deanery of St. Paul's by Simon Sudbury in 1362. Newcourt doubts whether the collation took effect.

^{page 501 note b} William Courtenay, bishop of London 1375, translated to Canterbury in 1381. Lord high chancellor in 1381.

^{page 502 note a} St. Thomas de Cantelupo, bishop of Hereford, canonised 20 April, 1320. His festival was observed on October 2. “Many miracles are recorded as being wrought through the intercession of this saint.” Historic!, Anglicana, Harpsfield 473.) Havergal, Fasti Herefordenses, 17-19.

^{page 502 note b} Anne of Bohemia, first wife of Richard II. The white falcon was one of the king's badges.

^{page 502 note c} Servo, i.e., cervo. The lion passant is seen on Dugdale's plate of the monument of John of Gaunt. The collar of SS. is a well-known Lancastrian badge. Probably the cervus was the antelope.

^{page 502 note d} John de Appleby, dean, 1364-8.

^{page 503 note a} The ostrich feather is a favourite badge of the Plantagenets.

^{page 503 note b} Simon of Sudbury: bishop of London 1361, translated to Canterbury 1375, beheaded by the rebels 14 June, 1381. His head is still to be seen in a niche in the vestry of St. Gregory's church, Sudbury, Suffolk.

^{page 503 note c} St. Alphege, see above.

^{page 504 note a} Rakemask: Racamas, panni pretiosoris species. Racamatura, ornatus vestis acu pictns, ab ltalico Raccamere, acu pingere. Gall: Broder. Ducange.

^{page 504 note b} Trufns: perhaps for Treffis, Trefoils. See Ducange.

^{page 504 note c} Isabella, daughter of Charles V. of France, second queen of Richard II.

^{page 504 note d} Roger de Waltham, prebendary of Cadington Minor between 1316 and 1329.

^{page 505 note a} William de Coloinge was prebendary of Reculverland in 1371.

^{page 506 note a} Thomas de Evere, or Eure, dean of St. Paul's 1389-1400.

^{page 506 note b} Pannus de Reynys: so called from Rennes in Brittany, the original place of its manufacture. Planché.

“I have a shirte of reynes with sleeves pendent.”

Mystery of Mary Magdalen. 1512.

“Cloth of raynes to sleep on softe.”

Chaucer's Bream, 1. 265.

In 1327 three new cloths of Rains were in use for the high altar at Exeter. Rock, Textile Fabrics, 68.

^{page 507 note a} Canevas = canvas, Fr. canevas. Planche quotes from Dekker, in 1611, “striped canvas for doublets.” He might have cited Sir P. Sidney, Spencer, and others. See Johnson's Diet, by Latham.

From Cannabis, the Latin botanical name for hemp, “we have taken our word canvas to mean any texture woven of hempen thread.” Rock, Textile Fabrics, 3, 4.

^{page 508 note a} Ridellus: cortina, ex Gallico Rideau, a curtain, Dncange.

^{page 508 note b} Over the word ymaginibus is written avibus.

^{page 508 note c} Cum lepardis aureis is redundant, the words et leopardis aureis having been inserted two lines above.

^{page 509 note a} Over the figure vj another hand has written iiij.

^{page 510 note a} Signis for cygnis.

^{page 510 note b} This item has been added in another hand.

^{page 511 note a} The Wokyndon family had exhibited much interest in St. Paul's. The will of Joan, relict of Sir Nicholas de Wokyndon, dated 1322, is preserved amongst the archives. Mist. 3188. Com. Report, ix. 45b; the same lady founded a chantry at the altar of St. Thomas the Martyr, 14 Edw. II., ib. p. 54a.

^{page 511 note b} Over each figure viij another hand has written vj.

^{page 511 note c} Canabij. written above in another hand.

^{page 511 note d} Over each figure iiij another hand has written vj, and over the figure iij has substituted iiij^or.

^{page 512 note a} “Mary de St. Paul, daughter to Guido Castillion, Earl of St. Paul in France, third wife to Audomare de Valentia Earl of Pembroke, maid, wife, and widow all in a day (her husband being unhappily slain at a tilting at her nuptials), sequestered herself on that sad accident from all worldly delights, bequeathed her soul to God and her estate to pious uses, amongst which this a principal that she founded in Cambridge the college of Mary de Valentia, commonly called Pembroke Hall.” Thos. Fuller, History of the University of Cambridge, edit. 1840, p. 61. Gray, who was himself a Pembroke man, has helped to give currency to the fable of Aymer de Valence's premature death, designating the foundress of the college as

“sad Chatillon, on her bridal morn,

That wept her bleeding love.”

But see Mullinger, University of Cambridge, 276 (text and note). “After her marriage she was never known by any other name than that of St. Paul.”

^{page 512 note b} Sterlingorum: see note by Archdeacon Hale in Milman's Annals, second edition, p. 518. He prints an account of the receipts “de pixide Crucis Borealis,” in 1342 and 1344, and says: “We learn from the Patent Roll, 2 Ric. II., that the common name of the English penny or denarius was sterlingus. In the above document the receipt is described as so many pounds ‘in sterlings and half pence,’ a phrase which seems to explain the term ‘a pound sterling’ to mean a pound of sterlings, or 240 pence.”

^{page 512 note c} Michael de Northburgh or Northbrook, bishop of London 1354-1361.

^{page 513 note a} Quae valent is erased and videlicet substituted.

^{page 514 note a} xx^d, i.e. pennyweight.

^{page 514 note b} Monile, a jewelled ornament.

“aurea pectoribus demissa monilia pendent.”

Virg. Æn. vii. 278,

^{page 514 note c} In the margin, Defecit; ex

^{page 514 note d} In the margin, Defecit.

^{page 514 note e} In the margin, Non est inventus in domo Thesanraria, sed est inter reliquias. Ex[aminatur].

^{page 515 note a} In the margin, Deficiunt.

^{page 515 note b} Robert de Braybrooke was then, 1402, bishop of London. He died in 1404.

^{page 516 note a} Sanctae Edithae: see above.

^{page 516 note b} In the margin, Inserantur ibidem ij.

^{page 516 note c} Worstead: a woollen cloth, so called from its being first manufactured at Worstead in Norfolk about the reign of Henry I. See also Rock, Textile Fabrics, 65.

^{page 516 note d} Scaccato = checked.

^{page 517 note a} Servis, i.e. cervis, ut supra.

^{page 517 note b} Thomas Stowe, dean, Walter Cooke, and W. Storteford, have been already named at the beginning of this Inventory.

^{page 517 note c} Laurence de Allerthorp was prebendary of Cadington Minor in 1388. He was a Baron of the Exchequer. See Report of Hist. MSS. Com. ix. 56. b.

^{page 518 note a} Reginald Kentwode was collated to the archdeaconry of London in 1400, and was dean of St. Paul's from 1421-2 to 1441.

^{page 518 note b} The battle of Shrewsbury, in which Henry Percy was killed, was fought on July 23, 1403. Queen Joan is, of course, Joan of Navarre, second queen of Henry IV.

^{page 518 note c} Henry V., son of Henry IV. (who died 20th March, 1412-3). A chantry was founded in the chapel of St. Thomas, by the executors of John of Gaunt, “for the good estate of the said King Henry IV. during his life in this world, and for his soul after his departure hence.” Dugdale, 28. This foundation took effect in 13 Henry IV., the king died in the 14th year of his reign.

^{page 518 note d} Thomas Stowe, dean of St. Paul's, 1400-1405. For particulars of his chantry see Dugdale's St. Paul's 28, 381.

^{page 518 note e} St. Dunstan's altar: see account of its consecration in my Documents illustrating the History of Old St. Paul's, 45.

^{page 518 note f} St. John Baptist “ad ostium boreale.” The foundation deed of this chantry is printed in Dugdale 354-356

^{page 518 note g} Sir John de Beauchamp. See Dugdale, 26, 386.

^{page 518 note h} The Rood at the North Door, see my Chapters in the History of Old St. Paul's, 83.

^{page 519 note a} Hyltofte. See Dugdale, 25, 382.

^{page 519 note b} John Lovel, ib. 20, 27. Sir John Pulteney, ib. 22.

^{page 519 note c} Roger Holme, ib. 382. A Bishop of London, ib. 388, &c.

^{page 519 note e} For deeds effecting the consolidation of some of the smaller chantries, see my Registrum.

^{page 519 note f} John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, see Dugdale, 27, 384, 388. This cross appears to have been given to the chantry by cardinal Beaufort, son of John of Gaunt. A very detailed account of it will be found in Mr. Maxwell Lyte's Calendar. Hist. MSS. Commiss. Report ix. 54b. This account is printed at the end of the present Inventory.

^{page 519 note g} Argentum fractum, see a valuable note by Archdeacon Hale in Milman's Annals, second edition, 518. The pound and solidus were moneys of account, “the only coin being the penny, which broken supplied the half penny and the quadrans or farthing. The frequent mention of argentum fractum, not carried to account as pence or half pence, would lead to the supposition that very small fragments of the penny were frequently amongst the offerings.” I have one or two specimens of argentum fractum found in London.

^{page 519 note h} An interesting account of the jasper may be found in Streeter's Precious Stones and Gems, part ii. pp. 83-86.

^{page 520 note a} This Inventory is added on blank leaves of the Inventory of 1402.

^{page 520 note b} Thomas Lisieux, dean of St. Paul's, 1441-1456.

^{page 521 note a} Here and elsewhere the scribe is pleased to treat operis as feminine.

^{page 521 note b} Sic.

^{page 521 note c} Quissini de veluto, or velveto: cushions of velvet. Richard II., in his will, directed his body to be clothed “in velveto,” 1399. The inventory of 1295 makes mention of velvet, with its kindred web fustian, for chasubles. “The name of velvet, velluto, seems to point out Italy as the market through which we got it from the East, for the word in Italian indicates something which is hairy or shaggy, like an animal's skin.” Rock, Textile Fabrics, 31.

^{page 521 note d} Syrens and mermaids.

^{page 522 note a} Ederosis, i.e. hederosis.

^{page 522 note b} Sic, for scut is.

^{page 523 note a} Sic.

^{page 523 note b} The word piano here has been erased.

^{page 523 note c} Cera, i.e. sera, a bolt or lock.

^{page 523 note d} Ceriis, wax candles or tapers.

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XXV.—Two Inventories of the cathedral church of St. Paul, London, dated respectively 1245 and 1402

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XXV.—Two Inventories of the cathedral church of St. Paul, London, dated respectively 1245 and 1402

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