XIV. The Anglo-Saxon Ceremonial of the Dedication and Consecration of Churches, illustrated from a Pontifical in the Public Library at Rouen, by John Gage, Esq. F.R.S., Director, in a Letter to the Right Honourable the Earl of Aberdeen, K. T. President

John Gage Esq.

doi:10.1017/S0261340900023286

XIV. The Anglo-Saxon Ceremonial of the Dedication and Consecration of Churches, illustrated from a Pontifical in the Public Library at Rouen, by John Gage, Esq. F.R.S., Director, in a Letter to the Right Honourable the Earl of Aberdeen, K. T. President

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 June 2012

John Gage Esq.

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The Dedication of Churches had its beginning under the OLD Law, and was observed by the holy Fathers in the NEW: whence the Synods both of St. Patrick and of Calcuith enjoined, that no priest should offer up sacrifice in any church to be built, unless the bishop of the diocess first came and hallowed it.

Type: Research Article
Information: Archaeologia , Volume 25 , 1832 , pp. 235 - 274

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261340900023286 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1832

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^{page 235 note a} Wilkins, Concil. I. torn. 3.

^{page 235 note b} Ibid. 169.

^{page 235 note c} Bed. Hist. lib. i. c. xxx.

^{page 235 note d} Euseb. lib. iv. de VM Constantini, cxliii. Sozomen, lib. i. c. 26.

^{page 236 note e} Eddius, vit. St. Wilf. c. xvii. apud Gale, torn. iii. 59. This historian wrote in the same age in which the Saint lived.

^{page 236 note f} Malmsb. de Gestis Reg. 17 b.

^{page 236 note g} Hist. Rames. apud Gale, torn. iii. p. 399.

^{page 237 note h} Hist. Rames. apud Gale, torn. iii. p. 399, 418, 422.

^{page 237 note i} Wulst. Carmen in Act. SS. Bened. Saec. v. p. 629.

^{page 238 note k} Aelied, Script. X. 393.

^{page 238 note l} Martene de Antiq. Ecel. Rit.

^{page 238 note m} Codex Juris Ecclesiastici Anglicani. GiLson, torn. ii. P. 1459.

^{page 239 note n} “The earth is the Lord's,’ &c.

^{page 239 note o} “The foundations thereof are in the holy mountains.”

^{page 240 note P} Confessio, Muρτνρωτ, the altar over the tomb of a confessor or martyr, that is to say, of one who has borne testimony to the faith by his holy actions, or by sealing it with his blood.

^{page 241 note q} See Gibson's Codex Juris Eccl. Angl. torn. ii. p. 1459

^{page 242 note r} Spelman, Gloss, under the word Wakes, which the learned antiquary derives from the Saxon pak, Temulenlia. The writer of the text believes that the word is taken from peccan, Vigilare.

^{page 242 note s} Wilkins, Concil. torn. i. p. 227.

^{page 242 note t} “Ubi ecclesia aedificatur, a propriae diocesis episcopo sanctificecur; aqua per semetipsum benedicatur, spargatur, et ita per ordinem compleatur, sicnt in libro ministeriali habetur. Postea euchaiistia, quae ab episcopo per idem ministerium consecratur, cum aliis reliquiis condatur in capsula, ac servetur in eadem basilica. Et si alias reliquias intimare non potest, tamen hoc maxime proficere potest quia corpus et sanguis est Domini nostri Jesu Christi. Seu etiam praecipimus unicuique episcopo, ut habeat depictum in pariete oratorii, aut in tabula, vel etiam in altaribus, quibus sanctis sint utraque dedicati.” Cap. II. de modo consecrandi ecclesias. Wilkins, Cone, torn. i. p. 169.

^{page 242 note u} Lib. v. c. iv.

^{page 242 note x} Martenede Antiq. Ecc. Rit. torn. ii. p. 276.

^{page 242 note y} Lib. ii. c. 57.

^{page 244 note z} Lib. iv. de Vit. Constan. c. 59.

^{page 244 note a} Lib. x. Hist. Eccl. c. 4.

^{page 244 note b} Epist. ad Demophilum.

^{page 244 note c} Serin, iii. in Epist. ad Ephesios.

^{page 244 note d} Lib. iv. Hist. Eccl. c. 17.

^{page 244 note e} Lib. i. Rationale, c. 3, 35. Durandus, beside the veil between the clergy and the people, speaks of a veil round the altar between the officiating priest and the clergy. There was also another veil used in Holy Week, to cover the ornaments of the altar, velum quadragesimale.

^{page 244 note f} The lower halves of folios 182 and 184 are cut away. The heading of the Consecratio Reginae occurs at the bottom of a page, and between it and the formula itself several folios have been inserted, which seem to be part of the original text misplaced.

^{page 245 note g} Notes have been barbarously written by Moris. Saas and others on the back of this miniature.

^{page 245 note h} Extat prreterea S. Columbani baculum, quod Hibernice Cambutta dicitur, e ligni specie quod nos Hiberni Cuilean appellamus, Anglice Holly. Rerum Hib. Script, tom. i. c. xxx.

^{page 245 note i} In the Roman Pontifical, dedicated to Leo X., there is a vignette in the Ordo de Dedicatione, representing the Bishop blessing holy water, which is in a large tub standing near a table.

^{page 246 note k} Liber de Antiquis Ecclesiæ Ritibus, edit. Venetiis, impress. 1788, in which the following forms, extracted from this manuscript, occur: Ordo qualiter domus Dei Consecranda est; Consecratio Crucis; ad Signum Ecclesiee benedicendum; Benedictio Foutis; Consecratio Cimeterii; ordo quomodo in sancta Itomanaecclesiae conduntur reliquiae, torn. ii. p 250; Reconciliatio loci sacri ubi sanguis fuerit effusus aut homicidium perpetratum vel aliqua res immunda, torn. ii. p. 285; Benedictio Virginuin, torn. ii. p. 189. Benedictio Monachorum, torn. ii. p. 162. Gradus ecele-Mastici, et ordo de Sacris ordinibus ex conciliatione Kartaginensi xii de Psalmis, torn. ii. p. 37; Benedictio super Regem noviter electum, torn.;i. p. 214; Qualiter suscipere debeant poenitentes EpUcopi vel Presbyteri, torn. i. p. 275; Ordo ad Benedicendum Oleum Infirniorum, Oleum Catechutnenorum, et Sanctum Chrisma, torn. iii. p. S8; Exorcismus contra demonem, torn. ii. p. 347. Benedictio scrinii vel arcae, torn. ii. p. 300; Maledictio sive excommunicatio, tom. ii. p. 322.

Martene has omitted formulas which ought to have found a place in his laborious collection. In particular, the Oratio super Cereos in purificatione Sc'ae Mariæ, and the Ordo ad visitandum infirmum. the latter seems of much antiquity, it agrees with Archbishop Robert's Missal in the manner of anointing the sick, but differs in many other parts. There is also a variety which the learned ecclesiastic might have noticed in the forms used in ordeals, namely, Ordinatio ad ferrum, Exorcismus Aquae ad indicium demonstrandum, adiuratio ferri vel aquas ferventis ad iu-dicium, and, exorcismus panU hordeacii et casei.

The Benedictio lactis el mellis is to be found in this manuscript.

^{page 246 note l} fol. 176.

^{page 247 note m} fol. 137.

^{page 247 note n} fol. 3.

^{page 247 note o} fol. 185.

^{page 247 note p} Annal. Ord. S. Bened. torn. iv. p. 461. fol. Parisiis, 1707.

^{page 247 note q} Antiq. Eccl. Kit. passim.

^{page 247 note r} Bibl. Biblioth. torn. ii. p. 1216.

^{page 247 note s} fol, 183.

^{page 248 note t} It very much resembles the malediction from the Rochester archives, published in Sterne's works.

^{page 248 note u} Chron. Brit, ex collect, vet. MS. eccl. Nannetensis. Hist, de Bretagne, torn. ii. p. 34.

^{page 248 note x} Hadr. Valesii Notitia Gall. p. 12. Aleto diruto, sedes Episcopatus translatus est in peninsulam S. Maclovii, mille plus minus passibus inde distantem, et oceano fere circumfusam: quæ urbs S. Maclovii vocitatur, Saint Malo, S. Maclovius de insula, in Historia Majoris Monasterii, vulgo S. Malo de I' Isfe. See also the Nolitia Provinciarum, prefixed to Labbe's Concilia, and Hist, de Bretagne, p. 2.

^{page 248 note y} Not. Gall.

^{page 248 note z} Llan, a church. Owen.

^{page 248 note a} Sacramen. Greg. Muratorii Liturg. Rom. p. 22. torn. ii. In the Missale of Archbishop Robert at Rouen, the Mass for Christmas Eve is headed, viii. kal. Jan. Natal. D'ni ad S'c'am Maria' maiorem.

^{page 251 note a} “Sancte Johannee” is interlined in a later hand.

^{page 255 note b} “insidiæ latentis,” in a later hand.

^{page 256 note c} “uel degustata,” in a later hand.

^{page 259 note d} Et s'c'ificatione benedicat. & perp&ua inhabitatione possideat. Bened. Roberti Archiep.

^{page 266 note e} tristis tarn' dimisit p ' lignu' crucis tuæ quus antea seductos habuit, added in a later hand.

^{page 266 note f} Ve l ang'loru' interlined in a later hand.

^{page 268 note e} “coosecrata,” interlined in. a later haæ.

^{page 268 note h} “vij” interlined in a later hand.

^{page 270 note i} “Onn” interlined in a later hand.

^{page 271 note k} After the ordo for blessing the cemetery comes, “Reconciliatio loci sacri ubi sanguis fuerit effusus.”

^{page 274 note l} In the MS. here occur, Item alia Missa, and Missa specialis edificantis ecclesiæ.

^{page 274 note m} This benediction is different from the form in St. Ætheltvold's Benedictional. See Archæolog. vol. XXIV. p. 116.

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XIV. The Anglo-Saxon Ceremonial of the Dedication and Consecration of Churches, illustrated from a Pontifical in the Public Library at Rouen, by John Gage, Esq. F.R.S., Director, in a Letter to the Right Honourable the Earl of Aberdeen, K. T. President

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