V. On a Vase representing an Adventure of Perseus

Samuel Birch Esq.

doi:10.1017/S026134090001287X

V. On a Vase representing an Adventure of Perseus

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 January 2012

Samuel Birch Esq.

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The Vase, of which a tracing is laid before the Society, has been described in the Catalogue of the Greek Vases in the Museum, although its subject could not at the time be made out, and the present memoir must be considered as an attempt to interpret its meaning, a task rendered the more difficult as there is not any distinct mention of the subject by the classical writers, and it is one transmitted only by the artists of Greece. It occurs on one of the hundred select vases presented by the late Prince of Canino to Cardinal Fesch, and subsequently ceded by the possessors to the British Museum. The Vase is of the shape called hydria or calpis, ornamented with red figures upon a black background, and its style is that usually known as the commencement of the decadence of the fictile art. It has no inscription, unfortunately, to aid in its decipherment. It was found in the sepulchres of the ancient Vulci.

Type: Research Article
Information: Archaeologia , Volume 36 , Issue 1 , 1855 , pp. 53 - 70

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S026134090001287X [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1855

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References

^{page 53 note a} Cat. Vas. Brit. Mus. 801.

^{page 54 note a} Horat. Carm. iii. 16, makes her guarded by dogs. Eudocia (Villoison, Anecd. Græc), 4to. Venet. 1781, p. 334, places her in a brazen chamber under the hall. Zenob. Cent. i. 41. Homer Il. xiv. 317, 318, Schol. This may be compared to the brazen vessel in which Mars was imprisoned, Iliad v. 387, and the Schol. Pseudo-Didym. ad eund. According to the Cypria it meant a prison.

^{page 54 note b} Tzetzes ad Lyc. 838.

^{page 54 note c} Hygin. fab. lxiii. muro lapideo. Eudocia, Violar. 4to. Venez. 1781, p. 334.

^{page 54 note d} διά τινος ὄπης. Tzetzes ad Lyc. 838. Terent. Eunuch, iii. 36, 37. Sophocl. ii. 200. Eratosth. Cat. 16, Schol. ad Ajac. init. The subject occurs on a Vase, Arch. Zeit. 1845, s. 285, engraved by M. Gerhard, Danaë, 4to. Berl. 1854.

^{page 54 note e} Lucian, Mar. dial. ix. 12, εὶς χαλκοῦν τινα θάλαμον; and Zeus, χρυσὸν γενόμενον ῤυῆναι διὰ τοῦ ὀόϕου ἐπʼ αὐτήν

^{page 54 note f} Gori, M. pl. i. lvi. 4.

^{page 54 note g} Mus. Borb. ii. xxxvi. Coinciding with the turris septa (Claudian in Eutrop. i. 82); aerata (Propert. ii. xvi. 12); and ahenea (Horat. l. c.) The other picture in Mus. Borb. xi. li. is also Danaë (R. Rochette, l. c. p. 191).

^{page 54 note h} Mus. Borb. xi. xxi.

^{page 54 note l} Sophocles, 8vo. Lond. 1824, a Brunck, ii. p. 193, fragments of the Akrisios or Larissæans. Cf. Schol. ad Sophocl. Ajac. init. et Antigone, 944.

ἔτλα καὶ Δανάας οὐάνιον ϕῶς

ἀλλάξαι δέμας ἐν χαλκοδέτοις

αὐλαῖςʼ κρυπτομένα δʼἐν

τυμβήει θαλάμῳ κατεεύχθη

^{page 54 note k} Welcker supposes that the Danaë, Phorcydes, and Polydectes formed a trilogy. Apollod. ii. 4, 1. Æschylus in Didot's Classics, 4to. Paris, 1846, p. 244.

^{page 54 note l} Either the λάναξ, or κιβωτὸς, or κιβώτιον, of wood, according to all versions except Schol. ad Antig. 948. In Lucian, Marin. dial. ix. 14, Doris and Thetis send the box into the nets of the fisherman. The Italian tradition (Serv. Virg. Æn. vii. 372) makes them arrive in Italy (cf. ibid. viii. 345), connecting them with Ardea and Argiletum. See the vase, Annali, 1847, pl. M. supposed by Panofka, ib. p. 226, to be Theas.

^{page 55 note a} Mus. Borb. ii. xxx. 4. M. Panofka, in Arch. Zeit. 1846, s. 206, p. 1.—the ball Perseus holds in his hands is supposed to be the diskos, but it rather indicates his being three or four years of age. Pherecyd. Fragm. Sturz, p. 72; E. Rochette, p. 191, however, has overlooked that Perseus was detected by the noise he made at play. Eudocia, l. c.

^{page 55 note b} Simonidis cei. Fragm. a Schneidewin, p. 67. Welcker, Æschyl. Tril. p. 380.

^{page 55 note c} Mus. Borb. 1. R. Rochette, Choix de Peint. p. 181. M. Campana, in Bull. 1845, p. 214–18.

^{page 55 note d} Eudocia, l. c.

^{page 55 note e} Raoul Eochette, Choix de Peintures, pl. 15, p. 179.

^{page 55 note f} Plin. Nat. Hist. xxxv. xi. 40.

^{page 55 note g} Welcker, die Griech Trag. t. ii. p. 668, 674. Cf. Id. die Æschyl, Trilog. 378, for the version of Apollodorus being taken from Pherecydes. Anthol. Palat. a Jacobs, xiii. p. 632. Euripid. Fragm. ix. pp. 139, 140.

^{page 55 note h} Rochette, Choix, p. 178, has remarked them all except Rhoio, who, seduced by Apollo, was thrown by her father Staphylus, in a box, into the sea. Eudocia in Villoison, l. c. pp. 371, 372.

^{page 55 note i} Eudocia Violarium, l. c. 334. Parœmiographi Veteres a Gaisford, p. 240. In Tzetzes ad Lye. 838, they lead him to the nymphs.

^{page 55 note k} Æschylus, 8vo. Paris, 1846, p. 244. Faehse, Sylloge, 8vo. Lips. 1813, p. 53, 792 (790). Hygin. Poet. Astr. ii. xii. They guarded the golden apples of the Hesperides, Heraclit. de Incred. 13.

^{page 56 note a} Panofka, Perseus und die Gräa. 4to. Berl. 1847. Micali, Mon. Ined. tav. xxxvi.

^{page 56 note b} Micali, Ant. Mon. 17; No. 5, 78; No. 1, 46; No. 17. Müller, Denkm. 282 b. Of. these figures with the Medusa holding two lions, and the swans in the scene of the death of the Medusa. Micali, Ant. Mon. tav. 22. Müller, l. c. 280.

^{page 56 note c} Apollod. ii. 4, 2. Tzetzes ad Lyc. 838.

^{page 56 note d} Cat. Yas. Brit. Mus., No. 584, p. 138. Arch. Zeit. 1847, 24*.

^{page 56 note e} Pausanias, III. c. xvii. s. 3. Winckelman, Opp. vi. i. 2, 23, sq.

^{page 56 note f} Eratosthenes, Catast. c. 22. Hygin. Poet. Astron. ii. 12.

^{page 56 note g} Scarabasus with his name ΦΕΔΣΕ (P'herse). Lanzi, Saggio II. iv. n. 5. Millin, Gal. Myth. xcv. 38, ii. p. 5.

^{page 56 note h} Hygin. Poet. Astr. ii. xii. Eratosth. Catast. c. 22.

^{page 56 note i} Gargiulo, Raccolta dei Monumenti piu interessanti del R. Museo Borbonico di Napoli. tav. 122. Inghirami, Vas. Pitt, cclxvi. De Witte, Cat. Dur. 242, Brit. Mus. 1303. O. Jahn, Ann. 1851. Tav. agg. O.

^{page 57 note a} Schol. ad Lyc. 17. Cf. Lucian, Marin. Dialog, ix. 14, ἆθλον τινα τοῦτον τῷ βασιλεῖ ἐπιτελῶν of gratitude to Polydectes.

^{page 57 note b} Apollod. Biblioth. l. c. Tzetzes ad Lycoph. 838. Cf. the vase, Ann. 1851; T. N. 1850, A.

^{page 57 note c} Dempster, Etr. Reg. ii. 4. Guigniaut, clxi. 610.

^{page 57 note d} Cf. Koehler, Gesammelt. Schrift. Th. i. s. 151. Winckelman, Mon. Ant. In. s. 151, tav. 84, c. 3, p. 112. D'Hancarville, iv. p. 23, Pl. XIII. f. 1. Lanzi, Saggio ii. pp. 3, 45, 46, tav. viii. f. 6. Stosch, Abdr. 41, 406. Tolkien, Verzeichniss, s. 38, No. 47.

^{page 57 note e} Eudocia Violarium, l. c.

^{page 57 note f} Tzetzes ad Lyc. 838.

^{page 57 note e} Æschylus, 8vo. Paris, 1846, p. 244. Eustath. p. 1872–3. Athen. xi. 402. Bekker, Anecd. p. 457, 21.

^{page 57 note h} Neapels Ant. Bildw. B. i. s. 235.

^{page 57 note i} Scut. Here; 216. It appears that the word κίβισις was derived from the Cypria. Hesychius, voce. Herod, vi. 23. Meursius, Cypr. p. 17.

^{page 57 note k} Tzetzes ad Lye. 838.

^{page 58 note a} Apollod. i. 763.

^{page 58 note b} Moschus, Idyll, ii. 44.

^{page 58 note c} Virgil, vii. 789, 792.

^{page 58 note d} V. 459.

Ἰλιόθεν δʼ ἔκλυον τινὸς ἐν λιμέσιν

Ναυπλίοισι βεβῶτος

τᾶς σᾶς ὦ Θέτιδος παῖ

κλεινᾶς ἀσπίδος ἐν κύκλῳ

τοιάδε σήματα, δείματα

Φύγια τετύχθαι

πειδόμῳ μὲν ἴτυος ἔδᾳ

Πεσέα λαιμοτόμον ὑπὲ

ἁλὸς ποτανοῖσι πεδίλοισι ϕυὰν

Γογόνος ἔσχειν Διὸς ἀγγέλῳ

σὺν Ἑμᾷ

τῷ Μαίας ἀγοτῆρι κούῳ.

^{page 58 note e} Q. SmyrnEeus, Posthomerica, x. l. 125.

^{page 58 note f} Pausanias, v. xviii. 1.

^{page 58 note g} Paus. iii. 13, p. 40.

^{page 58 note h} Müller, Denkm. 324.

^{page 59 note a} Müller, Denkmäler, taf. iv. 25. Thiersch, Ueber die epochen, Zw. aufl. s. 404, No. 21. Serra di Falco, Sicilia, ii. xxvi.

^{page 59 note b} Micali, Ant. Mon. tav. 22. Müller, l. c. 280. Gerhard, Trinksch. ii. iii. pp. 3, 4.

^{page 59 note c} Gerhard, Vasenbilder, lxxxix. 3, 4.

^{page 59 note d} Now in the British Museum. Cat. of Vases, No. 641*, p. 172. Cf. the vase, Annali, 1851, p. 167, τ. ρ.

^{page 59 note e} Scholiast ad Pind. Pyth. xii. 32.

^{page 59 note f} Millingen, Anc. Un. Mou. sect. ii. pt. 2. Müller, Denkm. taf. xiv. No. 15.

^{page 59 note g} Amph. r. f. at Munich. Micali, Mon. Ined. xliv. 3, p. 274. Amph. r. f. ibid. Ii. 8, p. 320. Ib. 10, 211.

^{page 59 note h} Gerhard, Metallspiegel, taf. cxxi.

^{page 59 note i} Vase Brit. Mus. No. 528. Cat. of Vases, p. 105. Dur. 243. Gerhard, Vasenbilder, lxxxviii.

^{page 59 note k} Mus. Blacas, pl. xi.

^{page 59 note l} Gerhard, Aus. Vasenbilder, lxxix. 1. Heraclitus, de Medusa, i. mentions only the winged horse.

^{page 59 note m} Ibid, lxxix. 2. Pegason et fratrem matris de sanguine natos. Ovid. Met. v. 782—785. Chrysaor was also an epithet of Apollo. Arsenius, Viol. p. 260. Cf. Anth. Græc. iii. p. 161.

^{page 60 note a} Tzetzes ad Lycoph. 838.

^{page 60 note b} Stackelberg, Die Graebe, taf. 39. The treatment of this vase much resembles the shield of Hesiod; on it are also the Chimsera and Hydra, or two-headed serpent, Ladon of the Hesperides.

^{page 60 note c} Paus. i. 21, 8.

^{page 60 note d} Mus. Borb. xii. xlviii.

^{page 60 note e} Serv. ad Virg. Æneid, i. p. 289. Pindar, Pyth. xii, 28, calls her εὔπααος

^{page 60 note f} Bull. Arch. Nap. Nuov. Ser. 4to. Napol. 1853, p. 188. Perseus on this bas-relief has only a fillet round his head, and the winged sandals on his feet. The head of the Gorgon is of a large size, and surmounted by a floral ornament, as if copied from a pediment.

^{page 60 note g} Ancient Terra-cottas, Brit. Mus. pl. xiii. Guattani, Mon. Arch. Ined. 1788, No. 1. Guigniaut, clxxiv. 609 b.

^{page 60 note h} Mionnet, Supp. vii. pl. xiii. 2, p. 616, No. 275. Sestini, Class. General, edit. 2, p. 126. Guigniaut, clxx. 609 a. Inghirami, Mon. Etr. S. T. L. 4, 7.

^{page 60 note i} Bibl. ii. 4, 2. Probably from Euhemerus. Cf. Hyginus, Poet. Astron. ii. xii.

^{page 60 note k} Arch. s. 414, 3. Cf. the gem, Millin, Voy. an Midi, Atl. lxxiii. Guigniaut, clxx. 609. Tzetzes ad Lycoph. 838.

^{page 60 note l} Schol. ad Lycoph. l. 838.

^{page 60 note m} Etym. Magn. voce Δεικτήριν.

^{page 61 note a} Dial. Marin. ix. 13. ἡ Ἀθῆνα δή ἐπί τῆς ἀσπἰδος διαστιλβούσης ὤσπε ἐπί κατόπτρου πάεσχεν αὐτῷ ἰδεῖν τὴν εὶκόνα τῆς Μεδούσης. εἶτα λαβόμενος τῇ λαιᾷ τῆς κόμης, ἐνοῶν δὲς τὴν εἰκόνα, τῇ δεξιᾷ τὴν ἅρπην ἕχων, ἀπέτεμε τὴν κεϕαλὴν αὐτῆς καὶ πὶν ἀνεγέεσθαι τὰς ἀδελϕὰς ἀδελϕὰς ἀνέπτατο.

^{page 61 note b} M.De Witte, Descr. des Vases Peints, 8vo. Paris, 1837, p. 44, No. 87.

^{page 61 note c} Schultz, Ant. Int. 1837, p. 53. Cat. Dur. 245.

^{page 61 note d} M. O. Jahn, Berichte der K. Sachsisch. Gesellsch. der Wissensch. 8vo. 1847, s. 28, taf. Eudocia Violarium, p. 334.

^{page 61 note e} Montfaucon, Ant. ii. 62. Dempster, Etr. Reg. i. 5. Caussei, Mus. Rom. ii. 25. Lanzi, Saggio ii. 7, 4, p. 212. Millin, Gal. xcvi. 386. Inghirami, Mon. Etr. ii. 38. Gerhard, Metallspiegel, Taf. cxxiii. cxxiv.

^{page 61 note f} See Campana, Ant. Vas. Dip. 8vo. Rom. 1837, pp. 166, 167, No 95. Bull. 1834, pp. 117, 120.

^{page 61 note g} There was probably a work on this subject by the sculptor Myro. Plinius, Nat. Hist, xxxiv. 49. Bergk. Exerc. Plin. ii. 16.

^{page 62 note a} Mus. Capitol, iv. 53. Guigniaut, clxi. 613.

^{page 62 note b} Mus. Borb. tom. v. tav. xxxiii. lvi.; vi. xl. l.; x. xxxiii.

^{page 62 note c} Inghirami, Mon. Etr. s. i. tom. lv.

^{page 62 note d} Inghirami, Mon. Etr, s. i torn. lv. lvi.

^{page 62 note e} ……genitor lugubris et amens Mater adest.—Ovid. Met. v. 691, 692.

^{page 62 note f} Imagines, i. xxvii. τήν δʼ Ἀνδομέδαν ἀπαλλάτει τῶν δεσμῶν ὁ Ἔρως.

^{page 62 note g} Guigniaut, Nouv. Gal. clx. 612, 12a. Inghirami, i. lxx. Millin, Vases Peints, lvi. D'Hancarville, iv. No. cxxviii. Paucker, in Arch. Zeit. 1852, p. 448, taf. xlii.

^{page 62 note h} Raoul Rochette, Mon. Ined. pl. xli.

^{page 62 note i} Quam simul ad duras religatam brachia cautes

Vidit Abantiades; nisi quod levis aura capillos

Moverat, et trepido manarunt lumina fletu,

Marmoreum ratus esse opus.—Met. iv. 671—4.

^{page 62 note k} Lucian, Domus, lxi. 24. Ἐν δεξιᾷ μὲν οὖν εἰσιὀντι, Ἀγολικῷ μύθῳ ἀναμέμικται πάθος Αἰθιοπικὸν, ὁ Περσεὺς τὸ κῆτος ϕονεύει καὶ τὴν Ἀνδομέδαν καθαιεῖ, καὶ μετὰ μετὰ μικρὸν γαμήσει, καὶ ἄπεισιν, αὐτὴν. πάρεργον τοῦτο τῆς ἐπὶ Γοργόνας πτήσεως. Ἐν βραχεῖ δὲ πολλα .ὁ τεχνίτης ἐμιμήσατο, αἰδῶ παρθένου, καὶ ϕόβον. ἐπισκοπεῖ γὰρ μάχην ἄνωθεν ἐκ τῆς πέτας, καὶ vεανίου τόλμαν ἐρωτικὴν, καὶ θηρίου ὄψιν ἀπόσμαχον, καὶ τὸ μὲν ἔπεισι πεϕικὸς ταῖς ἀκάνθαις, καὶ δεδιττόμενον τῷ χάσματι. ὁ Περσεὺς δὲ τῇ λαιᾷ μὲν ποδείκνυσι τὴν Γογόνα, τῇ δεξιᾷ δὲ καθικνεῖται τῷ ξίϕει, καὶ τὸ μὲν ὄσον τοῦκῆτους εἶδε τὴν Μέδουσαν, ἥδη λίθος ἔστὶ, τὸ δʼ ὄσον ἔμψυχον μένει, τῇ ἅρπῃ κόπτεται.

Again, in lxi. 25. Ἐπὶ δὲ τούτοις ὁ Περσεὺς πάλιν τὰ πὸ τοῦ κήτους ἐκεῖνα τολμῶν, καὶ ἠ Μέδυυσα τεμνομένη τὴν κεϕαλὴν, καὶ Ἀθηνᾶ σκέπουσα τὸν Πεσέἀ ὁ δὲ τὴν μὲν τόλμαν εἶγασται, τὸ δὲ ἔγον οὐχʼἑώακέ που, ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ τῆς ἀσπίδος τῆς Γογόνος τῆν εικόα, οἶδε γὺτὸ ποστίμον τῆς ἀληθοῦς ὄψεως. A mere allusion to Perseus changing men into stone occurs in the Vet. Act. Lucian, xiv. 25.

^{page 63 note a} Mionnet, vi. 220, No. 1477.

^{page 63 note b} Mionnet, ii. 354, No. 129.

^{page 63 note c} Dumersan, Cabinet D'Allier d'Hauteroche, iii. 10.

^{page 63 note d} Winckelman, Pierres Gravées de Stosch, p. 342, No 150.

^{page 63 note e} Pitture d'Ercolano, tom. iv. tab. viii. iii. 12. Mus. Borb. ix. tav. iii. ix. xxix. xii. tav. xlix—Iii. That this is a phantom, not the real Gorgon's head, seems to me improbable. Cf. M. O. Jahn, l. c. p. 290.

^{page 63 note f} Met. iv. 743, 745.

^{page 63 note g} Pausan. iv. c. xxxv.

^{page 63 note h} Metallspiegel, taf. cxxii.

^{page 63 note i} On his road to the Gorgons Perseus passes through the land of the Hyperboreans, whom he finds sacrificing asses to Apollo. Pindar, Pyth. x. 50, 24, 46. The allusion would, however, be very far-fetched.

^{page 63 note k} Met. v. 1 and foll.

^{page 64 note a} Inghirami, Mon. Etr. i. tav. liv.

^{page 64 note b} Inghirami, M. Etr. s. i. tav. lvii. liv. lxxxiii.

^{page 64 note c} Ibid. s. vi. T. A. Gori.

^{page 64 note d} Hygin. Fab. lxiv.

^{page 64 note e} Palæphat. de Incred. 32.

^{page 64 note f} Ovid. Met. v. 620. He speaks of Africa according to Alexander Polyhistor. in the Schol. Apollon. Rhod. 1515. Fragm. Hist. Græc. iii. 239, 135. Mus. Borb. v. ii. Apollon. Argon, iii. 1513.

^{page 64 note g} Ibid. 665.

^{page 64 note h} Tolkien, Verzeichniss, 8vo. Berlin, 1826, p. 151, No. 133. Winckelman, Pierres Gravées, p. 340, No. 133.

^{page 64 note i} Strabo, Tauchnitz, p. 391, lib x. c. v.

^{page 64 note k} Pausan. i. c. xxii. 6.

^{page 64 note l} The argument may be seen in Eudocia and the Paroemiographi, Gaisford, p. 240. Ovid. Met. v. 241.

^{page 64 note m} Hygin. i.e. Mionnet, iii. 647, No. 561, 587. Suppl. vii. p. 283, No. 511, 525. Cavedoni, Spicil. Numism. p. 311.

^{page 65 note a} Where he was educated. Hygin. cclxxiii.

^{page 65 note b} Mus. Borb. v. li.

^{page 65 note c} Ovid. Met. v. 240.

^{page 65 note d} Hygin. lxiii. Pausan. ii. c. xvi.

^{page 65 note e} Apoll. Bibl. l.c.

^{page 65 note f} Hygin. Ixiii.

^{page 65 note g} Parœmiogr. Vet. a Gaisford. Zenob. 41, p. 240.

^{page 65 note h} Paus. l. c. Καὶ ὀ μὲν οἶα ἡλικίᾳ τε ἀκμάων καὶ τοῦ δίσκου χαίρων τῷ εὐρήματι, ἐπεδείκνυτο ἐς ἄπαντας.

^{page 65 note i} Pausanias, ix. 11, 20, 3.

^{page 65 note k} Vases Peints, Pl. 2.

^{page 65 note l} Curtius (Ernst), Herakles der Satyr und dreifuss Rauber, 4to. Berlin, 1852, p. 4. O. Jahn, Vorhand. d. Sachsich. Akad. Bd. 1.

^{page 65 note m} Andromeda, Sophocles, a Brunckh. 8vo. Lond. 1824, p. 200. Eratosthenes, Catast. 16.

^{page 65 note n} ii. c. xx. 3.

^{page 66 note a} ii. c. xxii. 1.

^{page 66 note b} Augustin, De Civit. Dei, xvii. 2, Lobeck, Aglaophamos, pp. 573, 574.

^{page 66 note c} Paus. ii. xviii. l; ii. c. xv. xvi. 146.

^{page 66 note d} Fragm. Hist. iii. p. 25, 4.

^{page 66 note e} From Malala, Frag. Hist. Grec. iii. ad fin.

^{page 66 note f} Ibid. iii. 169.

^{page 66 note g} Ibid. iv. 591.

^{page 66 note h} Vit. Cimon. Init.

^{page 66 note i} Chron. Alex. p. 38. Voss, De Hist. Grsec. 8vo. Lips 1838, a Westermann, p. 497.

^{page 66 note k} Fragm. Hist. Græc. iv. 361, 1. Plutarch, de Flum. 18, 7.

^{page 66 note l} Hygin. ccxliv.

^{page 66 note m} Cf. Winckelman, Pierres de Stosch, p. 340, Nos 134, 136, 137. Tolkien, Verzeichniss, 8vo. Berl. 1826, p. 151, Nos. 135–137.

^{page 66 note n} Τὸν αὐλήτικον καλούμενον νόμον. Tzetzes ad Lycoph. 838.

^{page 66 note o} Lenonnant and De Witte, Élite. Pl. lxxiv.

^{page 66 note p} Mus. Pio Clem. ii. plate xxxiii

^{page 66 note q} Œnochoe at Munich. Micali, Mon Ined. xliii. 2. p. 252. Mus. Blac. plate xxvi.

^{page 66 note r} Winckelm. Pierres, l. c. p. 1760. Tolkien, 1. c.

^{page 67 note a} Inghirami, Mon. Etr. s. vi. t. 2. 4, with his name ΦΕΔΣΕ. Cf. Millin, Gal. Myth. xcv. 387. ΝΕΔΕΔ. Lanzi, Saggio ii. iv. 6.

^{page 67 note b} Vase, r. f. Mus. Borb. Ovid Met. v. 620.

^{page 67 note c} Amph. r. f. Campanari, Antichi Vasi dipinti, 8vo. Roma. 1837, pp. 166, 167, No. 95.

^{page 67 note d} Eokhel, Num. Vet. Thes. To. 15, s. 2, pp. 271, 272. Cat. 1, p. 209, No. 1. Rasche, Lex. N. t. ii. P. ii. p. 254. Mionnet, vii. 147, No. 5.

^{page 67 note e} Hygin. 275.

^{page 67 note f} Mionnet, Supp. iv. p. 249, Nos. 86, 87. Sestini, Descr. del. Mus. Fontana, p. 63, No. ii, tab ii. fig. 12. Mus. Gothan.

^{page 67 note g} Mionnet, ii. 389, No. 7; s. iv. 552, No. 9. Pellerin, Rec. tom. ii. pl. xi. p. 18. Mus. Pemb. Pl. 2, t. 3.

^{page 67 note h} Mionnet, s. iv. p. 435, No. 436. Hunter, Num. Vet. t. 4, viii. Haym. Tes. Brit. P. II. t. xx. No. 2, p. 174. Neumann, Pop. Th. 1, fig. 1, p. 1.

^{page 67 note i} Mionnet, ii. 401, No. 84. Neumann, P. II. tab. 1. Gesner, Vor III. iii. No. 19.

^{page 67 note k} Haym. Tes. Brit. ii. t. xx. No. 4, p. 75. Mionnet, ii. p. 348, No. 99.

^{page 67 note l} Neumann, l. c p. 8. Mus. Theup. P. II. p. 1261.

^{page 67 note m} Mionnet, iii. p. 559. Cabinet d'Ennery, p. 426, No. 1.

^{page 67 note n} Mionnet, iii. p. 565.

^{page 67 note o} Mionnet, S. iv. 400, No. 217. Sestini, Lett. Num. Cont. v. p. 29, No. 1. Cadalvene, Eecueil, Pl. IV. No. 6, Pl iv. fig. 27.

^{page 67 note p} Mionnet, s. iv. 243. Eckhel, Num. Vet. Tb. xiii. s. 9, pp. 225, 226.

^{page 67 note q} Mionnet, i. 495.

^{page 67 note r} Mionnet, vi. 563. Cadalvene, Recueil, p. 252, No. 1, Pt. IV. fig. 22. No. 8, Pt. IV. fig. 26.

^{page 67 note s} Mionnet, i. 435.

^{page 67 note t} Mus. Pemb. p. 2,1. 54, No. 263. Mionnet, Supp. i. 587, No. 920. Eckhel, Sylloge, i p. 47.

^{page 67 note u} Eckhel, Cat. i. p. 94, Nos. 5, 6.

^{page 68 note a} The coin itself being of silver, Ἄργυν, and the obverse convex shows the device of the Ἀργυ-ὰσπιδες of the reign of Philip. It was an elegant device. Most of the autonymous coins have the helmet in this shape.

^{page 68 note b} Eudocia Violar. πεὶ κυνές. Villoison, Anecdot. Græce, i. p. 30, ἐν αὐτῇ γὰρ τὸ πόσωπον ἔκρυψεν ἠ Ἀθῆνα, διὰ τὸ μὴ ὁάσθαι ὑπὸ Ἄρεος τοιαύτη καὶ ἡ τοῦ Ἅδου κυνῦ, ᾖ Πεσεὺς χρησάμενος τὴν Γόγονα ἐδειροτόμησεν.

^{page 68 note c} The peculiar type of Perseus was holding the falx, προεισπέπεται δὲ ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος, κομῶν ἥδη καὶ πλοκάμους κάμους καθειμένος, καὶ μεσόλευκον χιτῶνα πορϕυροῦν ἐνδεδυκὼς, καὶ ἱμάτιον ὑπὲρ αὑτὸυ λευκὸν ἀναβεβλημένος, ἄρπην ἔχων τὸν Περσέα, ἀϕʼ οὖ ἐαυτὸν ἐγενεαλόγει μητόθεν. Pausanias, xxxii. 11.

This same impostor solicited the Emperor to be allowed καὶ νόμισμα καινὸν κόψαι τῇ μὲν τοῦ Γλύκωνος, κατὰ θάτερα δὲ Αλεξύνδου στεμματύ τε τοῦ πἀππου Ἀσκληπιοῦ, καὶ τὴν ἅπην ἐκείνην τοῦ πατομήτονος. Ibid. 58.

^{page 69 note a} Serra di Falco, ii. 26. Müller, Denk. i. 4. 24. Valeriani, Mus. Chius. 33, 34. Micali, Storia, 22. D'Agincourt, Fragm. 14. 2. Millin, Gal. Myth. 105, 386, xx. f. Mus. Borb. v. 32, 39.

^{page 69 note b} Sometimes the harpé appears merely a kind of scimetar (O. Jahn, Arch. Beitrage, s. 256), and is the characteristic mark of Perseus on the coins. See supra, and Millingen, Récueil, 3, 13; Cab. d'Allier, 7, 22; Cadalvene, 4, 24–29, p 116; also on the bas-relief, Mus. Borbon. v. 40; on the wall-paintings, Mus. Borb. vi. 30; Pitture di Erc. iv. 37; and on the vases, Millingen, Vases Peints, 3; Inghirami, Vasi Fittili, 366; Rochette, Mon. In. i. 48; Gerhard, Aus. Vas. 88. 1. It appears as a mere sickle, Millin, Vases, ii. 34; Blacas, ii. 1; with handle in shape of a winged serpent, Stackelberg die Graeber, 39; Gerhard, Aus. Vas. 88. 2; Panofka, Verlegene, Mythen, taf. 2; Micali, Mon. In. i. 44. 2; also on mirrors, Gerhard, Mirroris 122, 123; and scarabsei, Lanzi, Saggio ii. 4, 6; and on the terra-cotta, from Melos, Millingen, Anc. Un. Mon. ii. 2.

^{page 69 note c} Tzetzes, ad Lye. 839.

^{page 69 note d} Schol. ad Nicandri Alexipharmaca, 100. Eutech. in Schol. ad eund. Ibid. 102–101. Theriaca, 764.

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V. On a Vase representing an Adventure of Perseus

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