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Part III. Commentary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2019

A.J.B. Wace
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Tsountas, as a result of his own excavations in the prehistoric cemeteries of Mycenae, came to the conclusion that the geographical distribution of the tombs in well-defined groups was not accidental, but designed. He found that the tombs were arranged in groups of eight, ten, or more lying close together in definite localities clearly separated from one another. This division of the cemeteries which lie near the Acropolis of Mycenae to the north, north-west, west, and south-west at the foot of the mountain of Hagios Elias, and in the sides of the various ridges that run south-westwards from it, he interpreted as meaning that the inhabitants of Mycenae lived in small villages or townships on these hills, and buried their dead in cemeteries hewn out of the sides of the ridges whereon they dwelt. The Acropolis was little more than a fortified palace protecting with its cyclopean walls the royal house, the great officers of state, chamberlains, captains of the guard, and the necessary servants or slaves, together of course with enough trusty guards to defend the walls in case of danger. The inhabitants of the separate villages were the ordinary civilian population, and Tsountas suggests that they lived in clans or groups of families, and that they continued in the tomb the clanship they had maintained in life. With the knowledge at present available these conclusions of Tsountas are eminently reasonable, and nothing found in the course of our excavations in the prehistoric tombs of Mycenae leads us to disagree with him on these points, for, as has been seen above and as will be explained below, the tombs we excavated have every appearance of being family sepulchres used by the same families over a considerable period of years.

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Research Article
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Archaeologia , Volume 82 , 1932 , pp. 121 - 224
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Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1932

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References

page 121 note 1 His main report is in ᾽Εϕημερὶς ᾽ΑρΧαιολογική. 1888, pp. 119 ff. and his later observations are recorded in ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1891, pp. 1 ff., 1896, pp. 1 ff., 1902, pp. 1 ff., and in Πρακτικά of the corresponding years. His conclusions are summarized in Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, pp. 131 ff. Other valuable reports on chamber tombs elsewhere are given by Staes, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1895, pp. 193 ff.; by Vollgraff, , B. C. H., 1904, pp. 390 ff.Google Scholar; by Keramopoullos, ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, pp. 80ffi, 123 ff.; by Kavvadias, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Αρχαιολογία, pp. 355 ff.; by Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 73 ff.; Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1922–1923, pp. 33 ff.Google Scholar, 1924–5, pp. 40 ff.; by Renaudin, , B.C. H, 1923, pp. 190 ff.; and by Maiuri, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, pp. 235 ff. Cretan chamber tombs are discussed by Evans in The Prehistoric Tombs of Knossos and The Tomb of the Double Axes, by Forsdyke in B. S. A., xxviii, pp. 245 ff, and by Savignoni, Mon. Ant., xiv, pp. 505 ff.Google Scholar

page 122 note 1 J. H. S., 1904, pp. 322 ff.

page 122 note 2 See p. 19.

page 122 note 3 Karten von Mykenai, pl. 1.

page 122 note 4 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 120, fig. 1, p. 122.

page 122 note 5 B.S.A., xxv, pp. 287 ff.; fig. 49, p. 285.

page 122 note 6 See frontispiece and Steffen, op. cit., pl. 1.

page 123 note 1 See above, pp. 19, 76, 99, 107, 115.

page 124 note 1 Tomb 533 (p. 114, fig. 47), a L.H. II tomb, is exceptional in having a long narrow dromos wedge-shaped in section.

page 124 note 2 The best examples are Tombs 502, 519, and 525, pp. 4, 87, 90, figs. 2, 36, 37. See also p. 93.

page 124 note 3 Persson, , Bull. Soc. R. des Lettres de Lund, 1922–1923, p. 34 Google Scholar; Frödin-Persson, ibid., 1924–5, p. 80, pl. XVIII.

page 125 note 1 Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 142 ff.

page 125 note 2 B.S.A., xxviii, pp. 245 ff.

page 125 note 3 Blegen, Zygouries, pp. 43 ff.

page 125 note 4 Symbolae Osloenses, ix, p. 31.

page 125 note 5 Forehalls were apparently not found by Tsountas in any of the tombs he excavated at Mycenae, but they occur in Tomb 28 at Thebes (᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 124, fig. 89) and in Tombs XIX, XXIV, and XLIII at lalyssos (Maiuri, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi–vii, p. 236), and in Crete in the Royal Tomb and in Tomb 1 at Isopata (Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, pp. 137 ff., pls. XCIII, XCIV, Tomb of Double Axes, p. 6f., pl. 1).

page 126 note 1 pp. 52 ff. above.

page 126 note 2 Tsountas found several small tombs with no offerings or bones, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 120.

page 127 note 1 Compare Tsountas, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 129.

page 127 note 2 See Tsountas, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 129; Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, pp. 139 ff. Mengarelli (Studi Etruschi, i, p. 166) states that this was customary also in the Etruscan Tombs at Caere.

page 127 note 3 viii. 6. 23.

page 128 note 1 Similar heaps of stones were found by Tsountas, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 129. Persson found extra blocking walls before the doorways, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 108.

page 128 note 2 Those found on each side of the carriage road, not the loose fill in front of the door, see pp. 12 ff., and fig. 7, p. 13.

page 128 note 3 See Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 113 ff.; Tsountas, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 127. The stelai found by Tsountas at Mycenae (᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 127, figs. 4,4a = Tsountas Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 152, fig. 53; ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1896, pp. 2 ff., pls. I, II), reused in the blocking walls of Tomb 51 and another chamber tomb near the Kato Pegadi, may have been such markers, originally placed outside the tombs, not inside, as suggested by Evans (Shaft Graves and Beehive Tombs, pp. 61 ff.). Maiuri (Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi–vii, pp. 201, 208, fig. 131) found at Ialyssos marked stones which he calls cippi tombali. Etruscan tombs had ‘markers’ which varied in shape according to the sex of the dead within, Mengarelli, Studi Etruschi, i, p. 166; Not. d. Scavi, 1915, pp. 353 ff.Google Scholar

page 128 note 4 Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, pp. 517 ff.

page 129 note 1 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs of Knossos, pp. 15 ff.

page 130 note 1 pp. 76, 99, 107, 115.

page 130 note 2 Blegen, Zygouries, p. 39.

page 131 note 1 Personal communication from Professor Tsountas; see also Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 147.

page 133 note 1 See pp. 12 ff.

page 134 note 1 See p. 53.

page 134 note 2 In several of the tombs he excavated at Mycenae Tsountas found smaller chambers opening off the main chamber, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, pp. 137, 145, 150, 152.

page 135 note 1 Blegen, Korakou, pp. 76 ff.; Goldman, Eutresis, pp. 33 ff.

page 136 note 1 Bull. Soc. R d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pp. 84 ff.; Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 75.

page 136 note 2 Tsountas found both rock-cut and built benches in chamber tombs he excavated at Mycenae, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 140; Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 136. Built benches also existed in the tholos tombs at Menidi, Lolling, Kuppelgrab bet Menidi, p. 18, pp. 37 ff, pl. 1, and Dimeni, Ath. Mitt., 1886, p. 436; cf. Perrot-Chipiez, Histoire de l'Art dans l'Antiquité, vi, p. 448. Maiuri (Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi–vii, p. 237) found rock-cut benches in three tombs at Ialyssos.

page 137 note 1 Compare the built enclosures found by Staes in the second tholos tomb at Thorikos, Πρακτικά 1893, pl. B, Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 385, fig. 163, and by Tsountas at Dimeni, Προϊστορικαὶ ᾽Ακροπόλεις, p. 154, fig. 69.

page 137 note 2 See below, p. 231.

page 139 note 1 Except possibly in Tomb 518 (pp. 78, 136) there seems no evidence for a communion with the dead.

page 139 note 2 Compare Tsountas, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽ ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 132

page 139 note 3 Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 18.

page 139 note 4 Metropolitan Museum Studies, iii, p. 64 (Grave IV)

page 139 note 5 ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 92, fig. 66.

page 140 note 1 B. S. A., xxv, p. 36, pl. VI c.

page 140 note 2 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, pp. 6 ff.; B. S.A., xxviii, pp. 257 ff.

page 140 note 3 Seager, Pachyammos, pp. 9–13, pl. XII; ᾽ ᾽Αρχ. Δελτ., iv, pp. 140 ff., figs. 3, 4.

page 140 note 4 At Ialyssos too Maiuri found none, Annuario d, R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi–vii, p. 238.

page 140 note 5 See Evans, Shaft Graves and Beehive Tombs, p. 11. Compare Karo, Schachtgräbęr, p. 38 f., who shows there cannot have been wooden coffins in the Shaft Graves.

page 140 note 6 B. C. H., 1923, p. 214, Tomb δ.

page 140 note 7 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 36.

page 140 note 8 Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Alene, vi–vii, p. 237.

page 141 note 1 See Evans, Shaft Graves and Beehive Tombs, pp. 3 ff.

page 141 note 2 Cf. Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, p. 81 f.

page 141 note 3 B. S. A., xviii, pp. 10 ff.

page 141 note 4 See below, pp. 215 ff.

page 142 note 1 See Childe, Wiener prähistorische Zeitschrift, xiii, p. 38.

page 142 note 2 See below, p. 150 f.

page 142 note 3 e.g. Korakou (Blegen, Korakou, pp. 42, 50) and Mycenae itself (B. S. A., xxv, pp. 23, 73, 80, 82, 96, 177).

page 143 note 1 The two alabastra in the chamber of Tomb 530, nos. 7, 8 (pl. LIII), were full of a peculiar greyish-yellow earth with a curious greasy feel. A sample of this which Mr. H. Terrey of University College, London, kindly analysed contained traces of oil, but not enough to enable the character of the oil to be determined.

page 143 note 2 Steps were found by Tsountas in Tomb 10 at Mycenae, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽ ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 128, and by Maiuri in some tombs at Ialyssos, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi–vii, p. 236 f., fig. 152.

page 144 note 1 Except possibly in the case of a child, see p. 129.

page 145 note 1 Tsountas, ᾽Εχ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, pp 130 ff.; Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 151; Vollgraff, B. C. H., 1904, pp. 370; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 68 ff.

page 144 note 2 Iliad, Ψ, II. 171 ff.

page 144 note 3 See pp. 14, 116.

page 144 note 4 Cf. Homer, Iliad, Ψ, II. 173 ff.

page 146 note 1 See Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, p. 531, note 4. The human remains found in the Grave Circle outside the Shaft Graves were not the result of human sacrifices (Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 97), but came from Middle Helladic tombs which belonged to the early cemetery (B.S.A., XXV, p. 118).

page 146 note 2 Mykenische Thongefässe (1879); Mykenische Vasen (1886); the vases from the Shaft Graves have now been republished by Karo in his Schachtgräber von Mykenai (1930).

page 146 note 3 J. H. S., 1903, p. 192, fig. 10; J. H. S., 1904, pp. 322 ff., pl. XIII; see p. 3 above.

page 146 note 4 B. S. A., xxv, pp. 20 ff., figs. 6–9, 11, 12, p. 81, fig. 19, p. 107, fig. 25, p. 150, fig. 33, pls. V–XI, XIV, XXIII, XXXI, XLV, XLVII—LII.

page 146 note 5 Most of the Museum collections outside Greece of complete ‘Mycenaean’ vases consist of specimens from islands like Rhodes and not from Mycenae or the Mainland. In Greece outside Athens the best collections are in the Museums of Chalcis, Corinth, Nauplia, and Thebes. The Greek Government has presented to the British Museum a collection of pieces from the excavations at Mycenae and elsewhere, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, pp. 128 ff., A 751–A 799 (except A 755), pp. 199 ff., A 1041–A 1051, A 1057–A 1084. (The vase A 781, p. 134, fig. 175, is not from Mycenae as there stated, but from Markopoulo in Attica.)

page 147 note 1 A considerable amount of Late Helladic I and II pottery, all fragmentary, was found in our excavations in the Palace and in the Tomb of Aegisthus at Mycenae, B.S.A., XXV, pp. 150,157 ff., 175 306 ff., pls. XXIII, XXXI p-s, XLVII-LII.

page 147 note 2 The photographs from which many of the vases have been reproduced were taken by Mr. Petritses of Athens in the Nauplia Museum in the summer of 1923. Those who know the difficulties of photographing in a Greek provincial museum in the heat of summer without all the proper equipment will understand and be charitable if the results are not in all cases as satisfactory as could be desired.

page 148 note 1 Blegen, Korakou, p. 41, p. 37, fig. 57, 2, 3; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 135 (4), fig. 99, 1; B.S.A., XXV, pl. XXIIIa.

page 148 note 2 E.g. Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. VIII, 8.

page 148 note 3 Compare, however, the two silver cups from the Fourth Shaft Grave, Karo, Schachtgräber, pp. 110, 111, nos. 509, 519, pl, CXXVII.

page 148 note 4 Cf. B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 130, A 754; Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, p. 175; see below, p. 152 f.

page 148 note 5 J. H. S., 1903, pp. 251 ff.

page 148 note 6 Compare the gold cups from the Second, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Shaft Graves, Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 70, no. 220, pls. LXXII. CLXX, p. 103, no. 441, pl. CVII, p. 122, no. 627, pl. CXXIII, p. 161, no. 912, fig. 78.

page 148 note 7 Blegen, Korakou, p. 39, fig. 53, 1, 4, p. 40, fig. 54; cf. B.S.A., XXV, pls. XXIII i, XLVII l, q; 'Aρχ, Δελτίον, iii, p. 135, fig. 99 (4); Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, pp. 112 ff., figs. 90, 91.

page 148 note 8 Evans, Palace of Minos, i, p. 593, fig. 435; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 24, fig. 13.

page 148 note 9 See below, pp. 155, 163.

page 148 note 10 Cf. Blegen, Korakou, pp. 39, 40, figs. 53 (1, 4, 6), 54.

page 149 note 1 The metallic forms are represented by the gold and silver cups from the Fourth and Fifth Shaft Graves (Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 102, no. 427, pl. CVII, p. 112, no. 520, pl. CXXVII, p. 125, no. 656, pl. CXXVI) and the four cups from the Golden Treasure (Schliemann, Mycenae, p. 350, fig. 528). For a later example in bronze from Knossos, see Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, pl. LXXXIX n.

page 149 note 2 Two goblets of this shape, one painted, one unpainted, were found'in the Vaphio Tomb, Tsountas, 'EØ. 'Aρχ., 1889, p. 154, pl. VII, 19.

page 149 note 3 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 142, no. 786, pl. CXXXVI; Tsountas, 'EØ. 'Aρχ., 1889, pl. VII, 15; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 50, fig. 29.

page 149 note 4 Dawkins,J.H.S.,, 1904, pp. 251 ff.

page 149 note 5 In Crete the shape goes back to M.M.I or E.M. III; see Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, pl. XI C, D; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, no. A 432, pl. VI.

page 149 note 6 Compare the fragment from Mycenae, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. XXVI, 195.

page 149 note 7 Compare the jugs from Palaikastro, Bosanquet-Dawkins, op. cit., p. 38, fig. 26; B.S.A., ix, p. 284, fig. 5; and the M. M. I examples from the same site, Bosanquet-Dawkins, op. cit., pl. IX a, b, d.

page 149 note 8 Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, pp. 176 ff.

page 149 note 9 'EØ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. IX, 2. Cf. 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 199, fig. 143 (2).

page 149 note 10 Compare Blegen, Korakou, p. 41 (5).

page 149 note 11 A vase from Vari similar to this both in shape and design but much smaller (o-Io m. high) and inferior in style is in the Museum of the Johns Hopkins University at Baltimore.

page 150 note 1 Karo, Schachtgräber, no. 855, p. 148, pl. CXXXIV.

page 150 note 2 Of the six examples of this shape figured by Evans (Palace of Minos, ii, p. 512, fig. 315), four are from the Mainland, and only one from Crete. Mylonas figures three from Eleusis, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 119, figs. 97, 98.

page 150 note 3 Karo, op. cit., no. 156, p. 63, pl. CLXVI.

page 150 note 4 Blegen, Korakou, p. 34 (1), p. 35, fig. 49, 3.

page 150 note 5 Blegen, op. cit., p. 27, fig. 37.

page 150 note 6 See below, pp. 152, 158, 163.

page 150 note 7 Ancient Gaza, i, p. 8.

page 150 note 8 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 147; Tomb of Double Axes, p. 3f., p. 87, fig. 94; Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pls. VII, 15, VIII, 7; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 37, fig. 25, p. 79 f., fig. 63.

page 150 note 9 Pendlebury, Aegyptiaca, pp. 17, nos. 19, 20, 24, nos. 35, 36, 25, nos. 46, 57, nos. 99–101, 59, no. 104, 63, no. 148 (= Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 101, no. 8), 100, no. 287. Petrie (op. cit., p. 8) says that many of the alabaster vases are Syrian work though of Egyptian material.

page 150 note 10 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 143.

page 150 note 11 Petrie, op. cit., pls. XXIV, XXV, 10. Perhaps the excavations at Ras Shamra and Minet-el-Beida will throw light on the origin of the shape.

page 150 note 12 E.g., Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, p. 498, fig. 304, f (from Egypt); Tomb of Double Axes, p. 16, pl. II, p. 20, fig. 30, p. 25, fig. 35, p. 87, fig. 93; B.S.A., xxviii, p. 258, fig. 11; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 651, pl. VIII (from Egypt). Five alabaster examples were found in the Throne Room at Knossos, B.S.A., vi, p. 41. The Middle Minoan jar from the Kamares Cave said to be connected with this type of alabastron is really a variety of the hole-mouthed jar shape, B.S.A., xix, p. 20, pl. IX, above.

page 150 note 13 See Blegen, Korakou, p. 42 (7). It was common at Thebes, 'EØ. 'Aρχ.,1910, P. 227, fig. 17, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 135 (5, 6), fig. 99, p. 145 (6–10), fig. 107, pp. 151–2 (1–13), fig. 113, pp. 199–201 (14–24), fig. 144. See below, p. 157. Fragments of three alabaster examples were found in Tomb II at Asine, Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, p. 87.

page 151 note 1 Compare the pattern on the base of vase no. 365 from Eleusis, Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 125, fig. 104.

page 151 note 2 See pp. 154, 158.

page 151 note 3 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 67, no. 197, pl. CLXVIII; B.S.A., XXV, pl. XLVIIk.

page 151 note 4 Karo, op. cit., pp. 66–7, nos. 190–6, pl. CLXVII.

page 151 note 5 As also another example from Mycenae, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. XXVII, 209.

page 151 note 6 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 103, pl. VIII, p. 130, fig. 173; the former hardly seems to be Cretan, and though it might be of Mainland origin, is perhaps of island (Rhodian?) fabric.

page 151 note 7 Tomb of Double Axes, p. 28; a L. H. III variety was found at Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 110, fig. 156.

page 151 note 8 See below, pp. 164, 184; cf. Blegen, Zygouries, p. 160, fig. 155.

page 151 note 9 Compare B.S.A., XXV, pl. XXIII a, b.

page 151 note 10 Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 224–5, fig. 129.

page 151 note 11 Op. cit, fig. cit.

page 152 note 1 Phylakopi, pl. XXVII, 1 A, 1 B, pp. 137 ff., fig. 110

page 152 note 2 See above, pp. 80, 150, and below, pp. 158, 163.

page 152 note 3 Goldman, Eutresis, p. 157, fig. 219, p. 168, fig. 235 (1); B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 48, fig. 50, A. 274 (6); B.C.H., 1906, p. 27, figs. 43, 45, 46; Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 88, fig. 66; compare Memoirs American Academy, Rome, x, pl. 22, 243.

page 152 note 4 For instance, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. XXXIV, 341. It appears in L. M. II in Crete, Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 159, fig. 144; Maraghiannis, Ant. Crétoises, i, pl. XXI, 1 = Mon. Ant, xiv, pl. XXXVII, 1.

page 152 note 5 See pp. 80, 150 above, and pp. 158, 163 below.

page 152 note 6 Compare the vase from the First Shaft Grave, Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 67, no. 197, pl CLXVIII, and the sherd from the Tomb of Aegisthus, B.S.A., XXV, pl. XLVII k.

page 152 note 7 Evans, Palace of Minos, i, pp. 596 ff., fig. 438, pl. VII; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 36, fig. 24; B.S.A., xix, p. 24, pl. ix; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 663, p. 109, fig. 138; Ath. Mitt., 1909, p. 310, pl. XXIV, 10; Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pls. VII, 40, VIII, 18, IX, 1.

page 152 note 8 See from Mycenae the vases from the First Shaft Grave, Karo, Schachtgräber, pp. 66 ff., nos. 190–2,195, pl. CLXVII, fragments from the Tomb of Aegisthus, B. S. A., XXV, pls. XLVII h, XLVIIIp, and other pieces; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 754, A 775, 1–7, pp. 129, 131, figs. 172, 174; B.S.A., XXV, pl. XXIII l Eleusis 'EØ. 'Aρχ., 1898, p. 73, fig. 13, Mylonas,Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, pp. 115, fig. 93 (1), 116, fig. 94, 121, fig. 99 (1); Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, p. 39, fig. 52,1; Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 136, fig. 128 (7); Thebes, 'EØ. 'Aρχ., 1910, p. 227, fig. 188; Phylakopi, B.S.A., xvii, pl. XIV, 7; compare also Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 986. See further, Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, p. 175.

page 153 note 1 Already pointed out by Forsdyke, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 129, A 754.

page 153 note 2 Knossos, Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, p. 437, fig. 254; Zakro, J.H.S., 1903, p. 255, figs. 23, 24; Gournia, Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. VIII, 26, pl. G1, I2; Pseira, Seager, Pseira, pl. VII, p. 31, fig. 12; Palaikastro, Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, pl. XX a. It occurs on some imported pieces at Phylakopi, B.S.A., xvii, p. 15, fig. 2 (19), pl. XIV, 8, 12, and occasionally on the Mainland, at Mycenae, B.S.A., XXV, pl. XLVIII q, at Thorikos, 'EØ. 'Aρχ.,1895, pl- XI, 2, at Athens, Gräf, Vasen von der Akropolis zu Athen, p. 7, no. 67, and at Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, pl. III, 7.

page 153 note 3 Compare Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. XXVI, 194, 195; Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. IX, 12, G I; Nilsson, op. cit., p. 176; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, ix, Παράρτημα, p. 19, fig. 1.

page 153 note 4 Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 489 ff

page 153 note 5 Goldman, Eutresis, p. 133, figs. 178, 180, 181, p. 143, fig. 199; B.C.H., 1906, pp. 14 ff., figs. 10, 11; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, p. 54, fig. 30.

page 153 note 6 Karo, Schachtgräber, no. 954, p. 165, pl. CLXXIII; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Thongefässe, pl. XI, 53. Compare also the pattern on the silver ewer from the Fifth Shaft Grave, Karo, Schachtgräber, no. 855, p. 148, pl. CXXXIV, and the pattern of a Matt-painted fragment from Argos, B.C.H., 1906, p. 28, fig. 52.

page 153 note 7 Knossos, Palace of Minos, ii, p. 489 (fragment not illustrated); Palaikastro, B.S.A., ix, p. 284, fig. 5. It occurs on a fragment from Phylakopi, B.S.A., xvii, pl. XI, 163.

page 153 note 8 Mycenae, B.S.A., XXV, pls. XLVIII e, f, L b, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 753; Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, pp. 48, 49, figs. 64, 65; Thebes, 'EØ 'Aρχ., 1910, p. 222, fig. 25, pls. VII, 1, IX, 2, 'Aρχ, Δελτίον, iii, p. 200, fig. 144 (3), p. 203, fig. 147; Vaphio, 'EØ 'Aρχ., 1889, pl. VII, 19, p. 154 (only one example); Kakovatos, Ath. Mitt., 1909, pl. XVIII, 1; Athens, Gräf, op. cit., nos. 40, 60; Eleusis, Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 121, fig. 99 (7). It is also known at Ialyssos, Annuario d. R. Scuola Arch, di Atene, vi-vii, p. 186, fig. 109, a late version much influenced by the trifoliate pendant design, see p. 73.

page 153 note 9 J.H.S., 1903, pl. IV, 1–5, pp. 160, 181; Evans, Palace of Minos, i, 592; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, pp. 23 ff., figs. 13, 14; Seager, Pseira, pp. 21 ff., fig. 6; Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. VII, 2, 28; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 662.

page 153 note 10 Blegen, Korakou, p. 39, fig. 53 (3), p. 46, fig. 62 (10), pl. IV, 6; B.S.A., XXV, pl. XLVIII bb; B.M.Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 756.

page 154 note 1 See Blegen, Korakou, pp. 36 ff., figs. 50, 51, 53, 56; B.S.A., XXV, pl. XXIII a, b, c; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 759, A 763, p. 131, fig. 174; 'EØ 'Aρχ., 1910, p. 227, fig. 178, p. 230, fig. 23; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 135, fig. 99 (1), p. 155, fig. 116 (4); Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 112 f., figs. 89–91, 118, fig. 96, 119, fig. 97.

page 154 note 2 See above, p. 153.

page 154 note 3 See below, pp. 157, 160.

page 154 note 4 See p. 153.

page 154 note 5 B.S.A., XXV, pl. XXIII n. It might be connected also with the pattern on a L.H. I fragment from Mycenae, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykentsche Vasen, pl. XXV, 188, and on two L. H. II amphorae from Thebes, 'EØ 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. x, 1, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 155, fig. 116 (3), which is apparently the forerunner of a L.H. III pattern, see below, pp. 167, 174. A similar pattern is known in Crete, Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 43, fig. 31, p. 51, fig. 39, Evans, Tomb of Double Axes, p. 46, fig. 60, p. 48, fig. 63, and may go back to M.M. times, compare Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. VI, 38.

page 154 note 6 See pp. 158, 160; compare B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 142, A 811.

page 154 note 7 Mycenae, B.S.A., XXV, pls. XXIII i, o, XLVII l, q; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 767 (3), fig. 174; Thebes, 'EØ 'Aρχ., 1910, p. 227, fig. 178 e, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 135, fig. 99; Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, p. 39, fig. 53 (1, 4–6), p. 40, fig. 54, pl. IV, 2, 3; Eleusis, Mylonas, op. cit., pp. 119, fig. 98, 121, fig. 99 (10–13).

page 154 note 8 Knossos, J.H.S., 1903, p. 178, fig. 5; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 572; Gournia, Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pls. VII, 8, 22, 26, 29, 30, 32, VIII, 31; Palaikastro, Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, pl. XVI a, c, d, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 683, fig. 138, p. 109.

page 154 note 9 Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 484 ff.

page 154 note 10 Blegen, Korakou, p. 39, figs. 52 (3), 53 (10).

page 154 note 11 As on the Kakovatos amphorae, Ath. Mitt., 1909, pls. VIII, XIX, XXIII, XXIV, and the vases from Pagasae, Ath. Mitt., 1889, pls. IX, X.

page 155 note 1 The best examples are a vase from the First Shaft Grave (Karo, Schachtgräber, no. 196, p. 67 pl. CLXVII), and an amphora from Tomb A at Kakovatos (K. Müller, Ath. Mitt., 1909, pp. 313 ff., pl. XXIII, 1). Other parallels are given by K. Müller (loc. cit.); compare B.S.A., XXV, pl. XXIII f., pl. XLVIII z, aa, cc.

page 155 note 2 See Blegen, Korakou, p. 20, fig. 27, p. 27, fig. 37; Goldman, Eutresis, pl. XIII, p. 147, fig. 201.

page 155 note 3 Zakro, J.H.S., 1903, p. 253, fig. 17; Pseira, Seager, Pseira, p. 31, fig. 14; Gournia, Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pls. K, VII, II, 12, 24,31,39; Palaikastro, Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, pl. XIIIa; Evans, Palace of Minos, iii, pp. 278, 279, figs. 186, 187.

page 155 note 4 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. XIX, 135.

page 155 note 6 J.H.S., 1903, pp. 251 ff.

page 155 note 7 Tomb 517, nos. 15, 24, Tomb 518, nos. 36, 38, 39.

page 155 note 7 See other examples from Mycenae, B.S.A., XXV, pp. 156, 158, 159, pls. XXIII m, XLVII W, LII b.

page 155 note 8 Blegen, Korakou, p. 43, fig. 58; Goldman, Eutresis, pp. 163 ff.; Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 76, fig. 51, p. 108 f., fig. 85.

page 156 note 1 Compare 'EØ 'Aρχ., 1910, p. 229, fig. 21, which is probably not earlier than L.H. II.

page 156 note 2 See above, p. 148. An interesting variety is shown by those from Palaiochori (Kynouria), 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, ix, Παράρτημα, p. 19, figs. I, 3.

page 156 note 3 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 634. It closely resembles a vase from Tomb 1 at the Argive Heraion, Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, p. 95, fig. 32, no. 20.

page 156 note 4 See above, p. 148.

page 156 note 5 See above, p. 149; compare 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, ix, Παράρτημα, p. 19, fig.3

page 157 note 1 See above, p. 149.

page 157 note 2 See above, p. 149.

page 157 note 3 See B.S.A., XXV, pl. La, p. 314 (A. 1), and the references given there. The Tylissos amphora is illustrated by Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, p. 427, fig. 248.

page 157 note 4 Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 508 ff., fig. 312, a; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 46, fig 35, pl. XVIII b.

page 157 note 5 See p. 150. L.H. II examples occur at Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, p. 53, fig. 71; Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 123, fig. 101.

page 157 note 6 See p. 150.

page 157 note 7 Thirty-nine were found at Thebes, 'EØ 'Aρχ., 1910, pp. 225 ff., nos. 10–17, figs. 17, 18 pl. VIII, 2; ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 135 (5, 6), fig. 99, p. 145(6–10), fig. 107, pp. 151–2 (1–13), fig, 113, pp. 199–201 (14–24), fig. 144; six were found in Tomb 1 at the Argive Heraion, Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, p. 94, nos. 10,11, figs. 27, 28. Compare Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, pp. 124 ff.; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, ix, Παράρτημα, p. 19, figs. 2–5, X, Παράρτημα, p. 42, fig. 2.

page 158 note 1 This resembles the alabastron from Markopoulo in Attica (not Mycenae as stated) in the British Museum, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 781.

page 158 note 2 See pp. 102, 171.

page 158 note 3 This resembles a vase from Thebes,'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 202, fig. 146.

page 158 note 4 This also resembles a vase from Thebes, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 142, fig. 104.

page 158 note 5 This also resembles a vase from Thebes, 'EØ 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. VII, 1; compare also 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 203, fig. 147.

page 158 note 6 This resembles a vase irom Eleusis, Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 129, fig. 108.

page 158 note 7 This also resembles a vase from Thebes, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, p. 199, fig. 148 (4).

page 158 note 8 P. 79.

page 158 note 9 B.M. Cat Vases, i, 1, A 588-A 590; Evans, Palace of Minos, i, p. 555, fig. 403, A, C, p. 557, fig. 404 b, g, p. 569, fig. 414, p. 606, fig. 446, pl. VII; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 60, fig. 48, p. 64.

page 158 note 10 Phylakopi, p. 136, no. 14, pl. XXVII, 2.

page 159 note 1 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 163, no. 944, pl. CLXXIII; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 160, fig. 223. Askoi are common in E.H. ware, Blegen, Korakou, p. 7, Zygouries, p. 94, 6.

page 159 note 2 See Phylakopi, pp. 135, 136, fig. 109.

page 159 note 3 Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 224–5, fig. 129.

page 159 note 4 See Karo, Schachtgräber, no. 220, p. 70, pls. LXXII, CLXX, no. 442, p. 103, pls. CVII, CVIII, nos. 627, 628, p. 122, pls. CXXIII, CXXIV, no. 756, p. 137, pl. CXXIII, no. 912, p. 161, fig. 78.

page 159 note 5 See pp. 102, 158, 171.

page 159 note 6 See Blegen, Korakou, p. 47, fig. 63 (11).

page 159 note 7 See p. 153.

page 160 note 1 Compare Ath. Mitt., 1909, pl. XXIV, 7; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 152, fig. 113 (1), p. 202, fig. 146; Evans, Tomb of Double Axes, p. 49, fig. 65; and the Sakkara alabastron, Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, p. 498, fig. 304f The pattern recalls that below the handles of Ephyraean goblets, Blegen, Korakou, p. 55, fig. 75, which occurs independently on a vase from Tomb 1 at the Argive Heraion, Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, p. 92, no. 3, fig. 21.

page 160 note 2 See p. 161.

page 160 note 3 See p. 153 f.; compare Blegen, Korakou, p. 45, fig. 61.

page 160 note 4 See Blegen, Korakou, p. 47. Some of the British Museum pieces, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 757, p. 131, fig. 174, are L.H. II, and others, A. 788, 789, p. 136, fig. 180, are L.H. III, compare B. S. A., xxv, p. 80, pl. XIV, h, i. The tea-cup from Knossos in the British Museum (B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 103, fig. 132, A 634) would appear to be an L.H. II import into Crete, compare the tea-cup from the Argive Heraion, Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, p. 95, fig. 32.

page 160 note 5 See p. 157.

page 160 note 6 See p. 158.

page 160 note 7 See p. 72.

page 160 note 8 See p. 154. Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 637 ff., figs. 403, 404, shows the connexion of this motive with metal-work.

page 160 note 9 See Blegen, Korakou, p. 46, fig. 62 (7, 11, 12).

page 161 note 1 See above, p. 154, and Blegen, Korakou, p. 46, fig. 62 (3), p. 50, fig. 66, p. 52, fig. 70, p. 53, fig. 71; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 143, fig. 105, p. 152, fig. 113 (4), p. 200, fig. 144 (I, 4), p. 201, fig. 145, ix, Παράρτημα, p. 19, fig. 3, x, Παράρτημα, p. 42, fig. 2; Persson, Asine, p. 138, fig. 87; B. S. A., xxv, pl. XLIX; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 137, fig. 129 (6, 7); Fimmen, Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur, p. 91, fig. 77; Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, pp. 125, figs. 104, 105, 126, fig. 106, 129, fig. 108.

page 161 note 2 Compare Blegen, Korakou, pls. VI, 4, VII 'Aρχ Δελτίον, iii, p. 156, fig. 117; Ath. Mitt., 1909, pl. xx; B. S. A., xxv, pl. LI; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 137, fig. 129 (8); Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, p. 94, no. 10, fig. 27.

page 161 note 3 Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 493 ff.

page 161 note 4 Blegen, Korakou, p. 47, fig. 63 (3), p. 55, fig. 75, pl. VII; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 144, fig. 106, p. 202, fig. 146; Persson, Asine, pp. 138 ff., figs. 87, 88, p. 116, fig. 69; Ath. Mitt., 1909, pls. XXV, XXII; B. S. A., xxv, pls. XLV, XLIX, LI; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. xxv, 189, 190; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 137, fig. 129 (3); Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 129, fig. 108; Gräf, op. cit., no. 58.

page 161 note 5 Compare B. S. A., xxv, pl. LII b.

page 161 note 6 They are discussed by Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 507 ff.

page 161 note 7 'Aρχ Δελτίον, iii, p. 142, fig. 104.

page 162 note 1 A L.H. II example was found at Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, p. 53, fig. 72.

page 162 note 2 See p. 167.

page 162 note 3 Compare Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 129, fig. 108.

page 162 note 4 Goldman, Eutresis, p. 157, fig. 218. A somewhat similar shape occurs in Early Helladic ware at Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 104, fig. 89, p. 123, fig. 115.

page 162 note 5 See p. 181.

page 162 note 6 See below, p. 167.

page 162 note 7 See Blegen, Korakou, pp. 48, 49, figs. 64, 65, p. 62, and below, p. 172.

page 163 note 1 Blegen, Korakou, p. 18, p. 43, fig. 58, pp. 57 ff., fig. 78.

page 163 note 2 See p. 156.

page 163 note 3 See below, p. 183.

page 163 note 4 Compare Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 130, fig. 109, no. 378.

page 163 note 5 See pp. 80, 150, 152, 158.

page 164 note 1 See p. 184. See B.S.A., xxv, pp. 79, 110, 154, 156, 175 ff., 187, 224, 243, 259, 262, but especially pp. 150 ff.; compare 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1909, p. 73, fig. 7 (4).

page 164 note 2 The type continues into L. H. III; see the examples from the potter's shop at Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 160, fig. 155.

page 164 note 3 Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, pp. 79 ff., figs. 29, 30; J. H. S., 1904, pl. XIV a, b; Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, pl. XCVIII, p. 150, nos. 15, 16, figs. 126, 127; Seager, Pseira, pp. 35, 37 ff, figs. 15A, 17, 19; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, pl. XXXF. 3; Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. II, 69, 76.

page 164 note 4 Phylakopi, pl. XLI, pp. 209 ff.; Boyd-Hawes, op. cit, pl. II, 68; Bosanquet-Dawkins, op. cit, pl. XXVIII K.

page 165 note 1 Compare, for instance, the potter's shop at Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, pp. 30 ft., 143 ff.

page 165 note 2 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 99.

page 165 note 3 Compare Thebes, Tomb 2, 'Aρχ Δελτίον, iii, p. 85, fig. 61, a, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. xx, 144; Aegina, 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. 5 (2); Ialyssos, Tomb 38, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 149, fig. 199, A 840, Tomb xxviii, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 156, fig. 81; Enkomi, Tombs 88, 79, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, p. 121, C 626, C 627, figs. 222, 223.

page 165 note 4 Blegen, Korakou, p. 25 b, p. 24, fig. 34 (2, 6, 11, 14).

page 165 note 5 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 87.

page 165 note 6 See pp. 148, 156.

page 165 note 7 Compare the examples from Cyprus, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, p. 123, nos. C 639, C 640, figs. 229, 230, Myres, Handbook Cesnola Coll., p. 49 f., no. 450; Mycenae, B.S.A., xxv, pl. XIV f and Schoenochori, B. C. H., 1923, p. 209, fig. 20. For the shape see B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, nos. C 628-C 657; Myres, op. cit., p. 47, no. 434. It is known at Tell-el-Amarna, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 186, A 994.

page 166 note 1 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 89.

page 166 note 2 See p. 17 f.

page 166 note 3 See above, pp. 148, 156.

page 166 note 4 Ialyssos, Tomb 37, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 151, A 851, pl. XIV, Tomb XXIV, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 147, fig. 67.

page 166 note 5 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 81–6.

page 166 note 6 The descent is shown clearly by a fragment from Eutresis which gives the connexion between the plastic rings on the Minyan goblets and the painted rings on the kylix stems, Goldman, Eutresis, p. 188, fig. 259. See Blegen, Korakou, pp. 41, 54, 64 ff. It is a metallic shape, see pp. 148, 155, 163.

page 166 note 7 See Blegen, Korakou, pp. 18, 43, figs. 58, 59, Zygouries, p. 128; Goldman, op. cit., p. 135 f., figs. 183, 184, p. 163, p. 169, fig. 238 (1); Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 76, fig. 51.

page 166 note 8 See Blegen, Korakou, p. 54 f., pls. VI, VII; Goldman, op. cit., p. 188, fig. 262; Mylonas, op. cit., p. 127 f., p. 107, no. 374.

page 166 note 9 Compare the better and earlier examples from Ialyssos, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 864-A 873, p. 154 f., pl. XIV.

page 166 note 10 Blegen, Zygouries, pls. XVI-XVIII, pp. 143 ff.

page 166 note 11 See pp. 131, 144.

page 166 note 12 See below, p. 181 f.

page 166 note 13 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. XXI, 150 (Nauplia), XLIV, 96; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 131, fig. 52, p. 143, fig. 65 (36), p. 156, fig. 80, p. 212, fig. 135, p. 229, fig. 146 (Ialyssos); B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, p. 136, A 789, A 847, A 848, p. 150, fig. 202, pl. XIII (Mycenae, Ialyssos); Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat., pl. 48, nos. 9–12 (Rhodes); Blegen, Zygouries, p. 138, fig. 130, I (Zygouries); 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, IX, Παράρτημα, p. 15, fig. I, xi, Παράρτημα, pp. 62, 63, figs. 23, 24 (Achaia, Attica); B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, p. 119 f., nos. C 618. C 619, fig. 220, pl. III (Cyprus). The shape is known in metal, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, ii, Παράρτημα, pl. 2 (16).

page 166 note 14 B. S. A., xxv, p. 80, pl. XIV h, i.

page 167 note 1 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 68.

page 167 note 2 See p. 162.

page 167 note 3 See p. 162, note 4.

page 167 note 4 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 123, fig. 117, 70 c; Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 637, fig. 107.

page 167 note 5 Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XXXIII, I; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 168, fig. 162, p. 172, fig. 167; id., Korakou, p. 67, fig. 97; Wace-Thompson, Prehistoric Thessaly, p. 207, fig. 143; Tsountas, Προϊστορικαὶ ᾽Ακροπόλεις, p. 152, fig. 67; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XXI, 154; B. C. H., 1923, p. 214, fig. 26; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, p. 89, fig. 14; Δελτίον, xi, Παράρτημα, p. 63, fig. 24.

page 167 note 6 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 170 f., A 933-A 941, figs. 232, 233, pls. x, XIII; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 117, fig. 37, p. 140, fig. 63, p. 177, fig. 102, p. 190, fig. 113, p. 194, fig. 117, p. 249, fig. 153.

page 167 note 7 Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 53; see also Blegen, Korakou, pl. v; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1895, pl. x, 8; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 83, fig. 59, p. 155, fig. 116, 2 (restored), p. 199, fig. 143, I, xi, Παράρτημα, p. 62, fig. 23; B. C. H., 1923, p. 219, fig. 22.

page 167 note 8 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, A 877, p. 157, pl. XII; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 185, fig. 108; Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat., pl. 44, 3–6, pl. 45, 1–3.

page 167 note 9 Such as the jug from Drachmani, 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1908, p. 87, fig. 13.

page 167 note 10 Blegen, Zygouries, p. 84, figs. 71, 72; Goldman, Eutresis, pp. 103, 104, 115, figs. 136, 137, 153 (5).

page 167 note 11 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 59.

page 167 note 12 See p. 149. Compare the examples from Thebes, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. xx, 148, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 155, fig. 116, 3 (incomplete), and the Aliki vase, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pl, XVIII, 133.

page 167 note 13 See Blegen, Korakou, p. 26, fig. 35, 3, Zygouries, p. 130, figs. 122, 125; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 158, fig. 220, 2.

page 167 note 14 Annuario di R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 96, fig. 11 (Ialyssos, Tomb IV); B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 876, p. 156 f., fig. 209, pl. XII.

page 167 note 15 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, C 579, p. 113, pl. III (Maroni, Tomb 5); Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XIII, 89.

page 167 note 16 See pp. 153, 174.

page 168 note 1 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 68, no. 200, pp. 163 ff., nos. 941, 946, 947, 950, figs. 80, 81, pls. CLXXIII, CLXXIV.

page 168 note 2 Compare B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 877, 878, pl. XII, p. 157; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 155, fig. 79.

page 168 note 3 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 19, cf. ibid., 63.

page 168 note 4 Compare Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pls. XVII, 112, XVIII, 123 (Spata, Aliki); B.S.A., xxv, pl. LXII, 1 a; Blegen, Korakou, p. 67 (10), fig.96; id., Zygouries, pp. 168, 169, figs. 163, 164; B. C.H., 1923, pp. 208, 218, figs. 18, 30 (Schoenochori); Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XLII, 2 (Asine); 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. v, 5, 9, B.M. Cat Vases, 1, I, p. 209, A 1091, pl. XVI (Aegina); Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat., pl. 45, nos. 6, 7, 8 (Rhodes); Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 122, fig. 41, p. 177, fig. 102, p. 179, fig. 104, p. 183, fig. 107 (Ialyssos); B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, pp. 113 ff., C 580-C 591, figs. 201–5, pl. III (Cyprus).

page 168 note 5 See p. 101 f.

page 168 note 6 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 56, 61.

page 168 note 7 Compare on the Mainland, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 167 (2), p. 170, fig. 166, pl. XIX, 2; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 28, fig. 24 (Thebes); B. C. H., 1923, pp. 208, 213, figs. 19, 25 (Schoenochori); 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. v, 8 (Aegina).

page 168 note 8 B.M. Cat Vases, i, I, A 879, p. 157, pl. XII.

page 168 note 9 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XIII, 81, 83.

page 168 note 10 See pp. 150, 157. The squat jugs from Palaiochori (Kynouria) seem to stand on the border line of L.H. II and III, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, ix, Παράρτημα, p. 19, figs. 2, 4.

page 169 note 1 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 72–4.

page 169 note 2 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 191, fig. 136 (5) (Thebes); Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pls. xv, 99 (Nauplia), xx, 145, 149 (Boeotia); 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. v, 3 (Aegina); B.C.H., 1923, p. 203, fig. 13. (Schoenochori).

page 169 note 3 Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 110, fig. 94.

page 169 note 4 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 159 f., A 887, 888, fig. 213, pl. XII; Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat., pl. 48, 6, 7; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 212, fig. 135, p. 249, fig. 153. It is known in Cyprus, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, p. 110, C 567, fig. 196.

page 169 note 5 Compare Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, p. 371, fig. 206 e; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 98, A 589, A 590, fig. 122, pl. VII; Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pls. VI, 26, 30, VIII, 1, 2, 6; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 64; see above, p. 158.

page 169 note 6 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 123, fig. 117, 5 a, Tomb of Double Axes, p. 47, fig. 62.

page 169 note 7 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pl. xx, 146 (Boeotia); Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pls. XLII, 2, XLV, 2 (Asine).

page 169 note 8 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, A 890, p. 160, pl. XIII; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, pp. 131, fig. 52, 155, fig. 79.

page 169 note 9 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, C 600, p. 116, fig. 207. It occurs at Minet-el-Beida, Syria, xiii, pl. 11, 2.

page 169 note 10 Compare Schliemann, Mycenae, p. 66, fig. 27; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 165, fig. 122, 5.

page 169 note 11 See pp. 176 ff.; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 40; compare B. C. H., 1923, p. 220, fig. 35.

page 169 note 12 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 157 f., A 880, A 881, fig. 210, pl. XIII; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 130, fig. 51.

page 169 note 13 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 103.

page 169 note 14 Compare Blegen, Korakou, p. 19, fig. 26; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 139, fig. 187, p. 163, figs. 226, 227.

page 169 note 15 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 127, fig. 90 (2), p. 149, fig. 118 δ; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. v, 12; Frödin-Persson, op. cit., pl. xxxv, 1. An example in stone is known at Dendra, Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 84, fig. 59, p. 86, and one (also stone) of somewhat different shape from Hagia Triada, Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 718, fig. 20.

page 169 note 16 Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 97, fig. 13.

page 169 note 17 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 123, fig. 117, 21 a; Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 638, fig. 107; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, vi, p. 156, fig. 3.

page 169 note 18 Prehistoric Tombs, p. 120 f.; compare Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. IX, 4, 5, 6; Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, p. 381, fig. 213 b; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 44, fig. 33, p. 64.

page 170 note 1 Pendlebury, Aegyptiaca, p. III; Journal Egyptian Archaeology, xvi, p. 86, note 11, xvii, p. 235.

page 170 note 2 Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, p. 381, fig. 213 b, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 120, fig. 114; B.S.A., ix, p. 137, fig. 87 b; Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. IX, 6.

page 170 note 3 Compare some of the Ialyssos examples, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 161 f., A 894-A 896, pls. XII, XIII; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 161, fig. 88, p. 212, fig. 135.

page 170 note 4 See B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 999, p. 187 f., especially fig. 269, 1, and compare the vase, ibid., p. 182, fig. 225, A 986, from a late 18th dynasty house at Gurob.

page 170 note 5 With these probably belongs an example from Tomb 522 (p. 34).

page 170 note 6 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 167 f., A 927, A 929, A 930, figs. 227–9, pl. XIII; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 110, fig. 29, p. 161, fig. 88, p. 178, fig. 103.

page 170 note 7 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, p. 104f., C 528, C 532, C 537, figs. 183, 185, 186.

page 170 note 8 Compare, however, the Spata vase, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XVII, III.

page 170 note 9 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 191, fig. 136 (1, 4).

page 170 note 10 Compare the Spata example, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pl. XVII, 113, and one from Mycenae, B. S. A., xxv, pl. LXII, I c.

page 171 note 1 See below, p. 185.

page 171 note 2 Ath. Mitt., 1910, pls. v, VI.

page 171 note 3 See pp. 150, 157.

page 171 note 4 See p. 101 f. Compare B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 141 f.

page 171 note 5 See pp. 154, 158.

page 171 note 6 Evans, Tomb of Double Axes, p. 16, fig. 23, pl. 11, p. 20, fig. 30, p. 25, fig. 35; Mon. Ant., XIV, p 563 fig. 45.

page 171 note 7 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. IV, 2, 5, 11; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 83(12); Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. XVIII, 129, xx, 147; Blegen, Korakou, p. 70 (16); 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, ix, Παράρτημα, p 15, fig. I.

page 171 note 8 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 142, A 813, A 814, pl. x; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 159, fig. 84; Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat., pl. 46, 1, 2.

page 171 note 9 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, p. 98 f., C 493-C 496, figs. 173–5, pl. III; Myres, Handbook Cesnola Coll., p. 49, no. 449.

page 171 note 10 Furtwänger-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 25.

page 171 note 11 See pp. 151, 158.

page 172 note 1 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pls. XVII 110, xx, 142, 143; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, p. 122, fig. 15; Παπαβασιλείου, Περὶ τῶν ἐν Εὐβοία ἀρχαίων τάϕων, p. 29, fig. 20, p. 31, fig. 21; Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, xxxi, I, xxxiii, I; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 107, nos. 54–7, p. 106, figs. 81, 82; Blegen, Zygouries, pl. XIX, I.

page 172 note 2 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, pp. 144 ff., A 822-A 838, figs. 194, 196, 198, pls. x, XI, XII; Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat, pls. 39–42, 43, 1–6; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 92, fig. 7, p. 94, fig. 9, p. 108, fig. 26, pp. 114–16, figs. 34–6, p. 131, fig. 52, p. 158, fig. 83, p. 160, fig. 87, p. 189, fig. 112, p. 203, fig. 126, p. 206, fig. 129, pp. 210, 211, figs. 133, 134, p. 213, fig. 136.

page 172 note 3 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, pp. 88 ff., C 429-C 478, figs. 153–69, pl. III.

page 172 note 4 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 123, fig. 117, 6 a, 12 a; id., Tomb of Double Axes, p. 20, figs. 28, 29; Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 559, fig. 42, p. 562, fig. 44.

page 172 note 5 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, p. XLIV, 76.

page 172 note 6 Mycenae, B. S. A., xxv, p. 22, fig. 6, p. 33, fig. 9, pls. v, VII a, b, VIII a, c, d, x b, XI m, n; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pls. XXVIII, 237, 241, 242, XXXIII, 328; Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, p. 62, p. 60 f., figs. 83, 85, 86; Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 140, fig. 131; Eutresis, Goldman, Eutresis, p. 188, fig. 260; compare sherds from Mycenae and Tiryns, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, pp. 203 ff., figs. 286–8; the suggestion made, ibid., p. 174, that deep bowls of this shape are derived from the Cretan form of the tea-cup is untenable. Deep bowls also occasionally occur in tombs, Thebes, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 191, figs. 136, p. 203, fig. 148; Asine, Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XXXIII, I, XLV, I; Ialyssos, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, A 954-A 957, p. 174 f., figs. 237, 238, pl. xiv; Kalymnos, ibid., A 1019-A 1021, p. 195 f., figs. 278, 279, pl. xv.

page 172 note 7 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XLIV, 122.

page 172 note 8 Blegen, Korakou, p. 7 f.; id., Zygouries, p. 94 f.; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 104; Wace-Thompson, Prehistoric Thessaly, p. 178.

page 172 note 9 Blegen, Korakou, p. 53, fig. 73; compare Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 126, fig. 196, no. 370.

page 172 note 10 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pl. XVI, 109; Schliemann, Tiryns, pl. XXVII c; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 97, fig. 70 β; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 172, fig. 169; B.C.H., 1923, p. 200, fig. 9; Wace-Thompson, Prehistoric Thessaly, p. 207, fig. 143; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 138, fig. 60, p. 140, fig. 63, p. 159, fig. 85; Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat., pl. 46, 10–12; Hesperia, i, p. 62 f., no. MP 2, fig. 8 and the references given there, but ‘Grave 531’ is a misprint for ‘Grave 521’, and refers to Tomb 521, no. 4.

page 173 note 1 Compare the vase from Ialyssos, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 173, fig. 100.

page 173 note 2 Evans, Shaft Graves and Beehive Tombs, p. 49.

page 173 note 3 Compare Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 107.

page 173 note 4 B. S.A., xxv, pp. 20 ff., figs. 6–9, 11, 12, p. 151, fig. 33, pls. V-XI, XIV, XXXI.

page 173 note 5 Mykenische Vasen, pls. XXV-XLIII. See also the pieces given by the Greek Government to the British Museum, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, pp. 201 ff., A 1057-A 1084.

page 173 note 6 See pp. 184 ff.

page 173 note 7 Schliemann, Mycenae, pls. IX, 38, XIII, 62; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, A 1069, 6; compare Furtwangler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XXI, 154, from Tiryns.

page 174 note 1 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, A 996, I, 2.

page 174 note 2 Compare Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 116, fig. 94 (L.H. I) and B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, A 1075, 10 (L.H. III).

page 174 note 3 Palace of Minos, i, p. 166, fig. 117; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. xxxiv, pl. VII, A 461. In Crete the pattern goes back to E.M. II, Seager, Mochlos, pp. 36, fig. 13, ii, 96.

page 174 note 4 It is known at Drachmani, 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1908, p. 87, fig. 13; Eleusis, Mylonas, op. cit., p. 90, fig. 68 (2, 5; and Eutresis, Goldman, Eutresis, p. 157, fig. 217.

page 174 note 5 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 188, fig. 268, 10.

page 174 note 6 Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. xv, 96, xxx, 275, 283, 284, XXXIII, 326; Blegen, Zygouries, pl. XVI, 2; 'Aρχ. iii, p. 153, fig. 114 (1), p. 191, fig. 136 (2); 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pls. IV, 8, 9, v, I; B. S. A., xxv, p. 22, fig. 6 f, pl. va; Schliemann, Tiryns, p. 125, fig. 38, p. 130, fig. 44, p. 137, fig. 55; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 81, nos. 3–7; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pl. LIII; B. C. H., 1923, p. 200, fig. 8.

page 174 note 7 Compare the vase from Ialyssos, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, A 874, pl. XI, and Blegen, Zygouries, pl XIX, 2.

page 174 note 8 p. 171 above.

page 174 note 9 Compare Petrie, Tell-el-Amarna, pl. XXIX.

page 174 note 10 Compare on the Mainland, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 140, fig. 131; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. xv, 99.

page 174 note 11 Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. XXVIII, 239,240, 246, XXIX, 256, 257, XXXII, 306, XXXIII, 315, 325, XXXIV, 345, XXXV, 357, XXXVIII, 386; Schliemann, Tiryns, p. 127, fig. 40, p. 128, fig. 42; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pls. LIII, LIV, LV.

page 174 note 12 See pp. 153, 167.

page 174 note 13 Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 51, fig. 39b.

page 174 note 14 See the examples quoted above, p. 167.

page 174 note 15 For similar patterns on the Mainland see Schliemann, Mycenae, p. 66, fig. 27; id., Tiryns, p. 120, fig. 31; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 192, fig. 137; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 203, fig. 286, p. 205, fig. 288 (A 1073); Blegen, Zygouries, p. 140, fig. 131; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. xv, 102, XVI, 108, XVII, 113, 117, XXXIII, 315–18, 321, 324, XXXIV, 333, 340, 341, XXXV, 357, XXXVI, 370; B. C. H., 1923, p. 206, fig. 16; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pl. LIV.

page 175 note 1 Compare on the Mainland, Schliemann, Mycenae, pls. XIII, 63, xv, 75, 78; id., Tiryns, pp. 124, figs. 36, 37, 130, figs. 43, 45, 132, fig. 46, pl. XXVII a; B. S. A., xxv, p. 25, fig. 7 a, p. 81, fig. 19 b; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 202, fig. 285, A 1062 (2), p. 205, fig. 288, A 1080; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 106 f., fig. 82 (57); Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XLI, I; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. xv, 95, XVI, 107, XIX, 136, xx, 146, XXVII, 217, XXXIV, 333; Blegen, Korakou, p. 60, fig. 84, p. 62, fig. 86; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 158, fig. 118, ix, Παράρτημα, p. 15, fig. I; Παπαβασιλείου, Περὶ τῶν ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ ἀρχαίων τάϕων, p. 27, fig. 18, p. 31, fig. 21; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 187, fig. 258 (3, 5); Wace-Thompson, Prehistoric Thessaly, p. 47, fig. 23 e; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pls. LII, LV; B. C. H., 1923, pp. 209, 218, 222, 228, figs. 21, 31, 37, 39.

page 175 note 2 Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. xxx, 282; Schliemann, Tiryns, pl. XXII d; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 188, fig. 260 (2). It is possible that this pattern is a conventionalization of a foliage design, compare Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pl. xx, 143.

page 175 note 3 This vase much resembles some of those from Rhodes, compare Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 206, fig. 129.

page 175 note 4 Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XXXIV, 337, 338, 339, 347; B. S. A., xxv, p. 25, fig. 7b, d; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 204 f., A 1070, fig. 288; Blegen, Zygouries, pl. XVI, I, p. 140, fig. 131; Schliemann, Tiryns, pl. XXVI c; Gräf, Vasen v. d. Akropoliszu Athen, figs. 129, 161, 181; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pl. LV.

page 175 note 5 Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, pls. XVII, 115, XIX, 138, XXVII, 220, XXVIII, 241, 242, 244, 245, XXIX, 251–7, 260, 261, XXXII, 302, 305, XXXVI, 369–71, 377, XXXVII; B. S. A., xxv, pl. v b, d; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, p. 203, A 1063, fig. 288; Schliemann, Tiryns, p. 136, fig. 54; Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pls. xxxv, 2, XLI, 2, XLV, I; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 92, fig. 64, p. 107 (56); 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. v, 5; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 165, fig. 122 (5); Goldman, Eutresis, p. 188, fig. 260 (1, 3); Παπαβασιλείου Περὶ τῶν ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ ἀρχαίων τάϕων, p. 35, fig. 25; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pls. LII, LIII; B. C. H., 1923, pp. 210, 220, 222, figs. 22, 33, 37. It occurs at Tell-el-Amarna, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 187, A 997, fig. 267, p. 188, A 998 (11), fig. 268.

page 175 note 6 See p. 153 f.

page 175 note 7 See the examples quoted above, p. 154, and compare Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pls. XXI, 150, XXXII, 302, 305. The pattern on a cup from Tomb 2 at Thebes ('Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 85, fig. 61 a) is probably a still more summary version.

page 175 note 8 See above, p. 157. Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls.XVIII, 129, XX, 147; B. M. Cat. Vases, I, 1, A 1061, p. 202, fig. 285; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. IV, 5. The pattern is known on an alabastron fragment from Tell-el-Amarna, Petrie, Tell-el-Amarna, pl. XXVI, 20 = B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 184, A 991, fig. 260.

page 176 note 1 Compare B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 134, A 781.

page 176 note 2 Compare on the Mainland, Schliemann, Tiryns, p. 134, fig. 50; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 140, fig. 131; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. IV, 7; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 127, fig. 90 (1), p. 153, fig. 114 (5). This pattern appears as an element in conventionalized or architectural designs, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. XXIX, 255, XXXIII, 317, XXXIV, 340; B. S. A., xxv, pl. v c, e, VIII a, p. 357, fig. 76 a; Schliemann, op. cit., p. 128, fig. 41; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 203, A 1075, fig. 286. A resolved form is perhaps represented by B. S. A., xxv, pl. XIV b; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pl. XVIII, 131.

page 176 note 3 No other example from the Mainland seems to have been published, but the pattern is known at Ialyssos, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 866, pl. XIV, A 894, pl. XII.

page 176 note 4 Petrie, Tell-el-Amarna, pls. XXVII–XXX; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 188, figs. 268, 269. Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. XVIII, 122, 124, XIX, 134, XX, 142, 149, XXVII, 215, 216, 221, xxx, 262–72, 276, XXXI, 286, 293, 295; Schliemann, Mycenae, pl. XIV, 70; B. S.A., XXV, p. 22, fig. 6a, p. 25, fig. 7 c, f, pl. XXXI k; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 1067 (1), p. 202, fig. 285, A 1085, p. 208, fig. 290; Blegen, Zygouries, pl. XVII; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 81 (8), p. 89, fig. 59; Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. de Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XXXIV, 2; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 153, fig. 114 (6), p. 156, fig. 117, p. 191, fig. 136 (1); 'Eφ. 'Aρχ. 1895, pl. X, 9, 10, 1910, pl. VI, 3, 4; Παπαβασι-γείου, Περὶ τῶν ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ ἀρχαίων τάϕων, p. 29, fig. 20; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pl. LIII.

page 177 note 1 Compare pls. XIX, 4 (Tomb 521), XXII, 4.

page 177 note 2 Compare Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XXVIII.

page 177 note 3 Or perhaps a scorpion, compare Xanthoudides, Vaulted Tombs of Mesará, pl. XIII, no. 1041; Fairbanks, Boston Museum Cat. Vases, pl. LVI, no. 531.

page 177 note 4 B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, A 880, A 881, p. 157 f., pl. XIII, fig. 210.

page 177 note 5 Evans, Palace of Minos, i, p. 514.

page 177 note 6 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1900, pl. III.

page 177 note 7 Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, pp. 356 ff.

page 178 note 1 It has been suggested that the vase was made to amuse a child.

page 178 note 2 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pp. 27 ff., pls. XXXVIII, 390–2, 394–5, XXXIX, XL, XLI, and the Warrior Vase, ibid., pls. XLII, XLIII; Schliemann, Tiryns, pls. XIV, XV, XVII b, XIX a, xx c, d, XXI a, b, XXII e; B.S.A., xxiv, pl. XIV d; Rodenwaldt, Der Fries des Megarons von Mykenai, p. 24, fig. 14; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1895, pls. x, 9 a, 12, 13, XI, 4; Baur, Cat. R. D. Stoddard Coll., p. 39, no. 33, fig. 6.

page 178 note 3 For instance, Schliemann, Tiryns, pl. xv, and Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit, pl. XLI.

page 178 note 4 Compare Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Thongefässe, i, 5, ix, 44, x, 45, Myk. Vasen, pl. XXIV, 185, 187; B. S. A., xxv, pl. xxx; Blegen, Korakou, p. 26, fig. 35 (10), fig. 36 (14); Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 94, fig. 73, no. 221.

page 178 note 5 Compare Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 110 f., figs. 30, 31, p. 152, fig. 75, p. 227, fig. 144, p. 234, fig. 150; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, nos. C 333-C 427, especially C 340, p. 66, fig. III, C 370, p. 73, fig. 119; Myres, Handbook Cesnola Coll., p. 48, no. 436.

page 178 note 6 Hall, Decorative Art of Crete, p. 42; Knossos, Evans, Tomb of Double Axes, p. 16, pl. 11; Phaistos, Mon. Ant., xiv, pl. XXXVII, 1, 2; Gournia, Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. x, 40, 44; Palaikastro, Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, pp. 89,93, figs. 72, 77; Episkope, 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, vi, Παράρτημα, p. 158 fig. 5.

page 178 note 7 Compare the Moulianà vase, 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 19047 pl. III. and the Milatos larnax, Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 99, fig. 107.

page 178 note 8 For instance, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XXXVIII, 383, 393.

page 178 note 9 Der Fries des Megarons von Mykenai, pp. 24 ff., p. 65, id., Tiryns, ii, pp. 186 ff.

page 178 note 10 See B.S.A., xxv, pp. 138 ff., p. 134 f., figs. 30, 31, pls. XIX-XXI; Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 35, pls. v-x.

page 178 note 11 Rodenwaldt, Tiryns, ii, pl. XII.

page 179 note 1 Ath. Mitt., 1897, pp. 233 ff.

page 179 note 2 On this see Schweitzer, Untersuchungen zur Chronologie dergeometrischen Stile, and Ath. Mitt., 1918, pp. 1 ff.; Pfuhl, Malerei und Zeichnung, pp. 67 ff.

page 179 note 3 None of these motives occur at Tell-el-Amarna.

page 179 note 4 Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. XXVI, 192, 199; Schliemann, Tiryns, p. 351, fig. 146; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1895, pl. x, 8; Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XLI, 2.

page 179 note 5 Compare on the Mainland, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pls. XXVI, 114, XXXI, 297–9; Schliemann, Mycenae, p. 138, fig. 213; id., Tiryns, pl. XXII b; B. S. A., xxv, pl. xxxij; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 202, A 1065, fig. 285; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 145, figs. 135, 136; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 187, fig. 258 (1), p. 188, fig. 260 (5), p. 189, fig. 263 (5); 'Eχ'Aρχ., 1895, pl. x, 11, 1910, p. 204, fig. 9; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pls. LII, LIV.

page 179 note 6 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pls. XVII, 110, XXVI, 200, XXVII, 223, XXIX, 255, XXXI, 287–9, 298 298, XXXVIII, 385; B.S.A., xxv, pl. XIV e; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 202, A 1067 (2), fig. 285, p. 203, A 1066, p. 205, A 1077 (4), fig. 288; Blegen, Korakou, p. 61, fig. 85; id., Zygouries, pl. XVI, 1, p. 146, fig. 137; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. VI, 4, 5; Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XXXI (2), XLIV; Waldstein, Argive Heraeum, ii, pl. LIV.

page 179 note 7 See especially p. 17, fig. 8 d, i.

page 179 note 8 Compare Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pls. xxxv, 360, XL, 417, 418; B.S.A., xxiv, pl. XIV d, xxv, p. 21, fig. 3, p. 43, fig. 11 a, pl. XIV e; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 139 f., fig. 131; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1910, pl. VI, 3, p. 188, fig. 3. Some at least of the light on dark sherds from Mycenae in the British Museum should be classed with this variety of L.H. III and not as L.H. I, see B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 128, A 751. The stirrup-vase from Minet-el-Beida (Syria, xiii, pl. VII, 1) also belongs to this class.

page 180 note 1 See above, p. 148.

page 180 note 2 Petrie, Tell-el-Amarna, pl. XXVII; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 185, A 993, fig. 262; Fimmen, Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur 2, p. 165, fig. 163. Compare B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 2, C 332.

page 180 note 3 See p. 162.

page 180 note 4 See pp. 148, 156, 165.

page 180 note 5 See pp. 148, 155, 163.

page 180 note 6 See pp. 149, 156.

page 180 note 7 See p. 162.

page 181 note 1 See pp. 162, 167. B.M. Cat. Vases, i, I, A 940, A 941.

page 181 note 2 See p. 168.

page 181 note 3 See Goldman, Eutresis, p. 124.

page 181 note 4 Mycenae, B.S.A., xxv, p. 150, fig. 33; Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, p. 72; Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, pp. 151 ff.

page 181 note 5 See p. 165.

page 181 note 6 Blegen, Korakou, p. 15, figs. 18, 19; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 139, fig. 187, p. 163, fig.’ 227.

page 181 note 7 See p. 165; compare ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, ix, Παράρτημα, p. 19, figs. 3, 4.

page 181 note 8 For unpainted kylikes of these types on the Mainland, compare Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. xviii, 119; Blegen, Zygouries, pp. 151 ff., figs. 141–3; ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 149, fig. 110 β, P 154, fig. 115 (5), P. 182, fig. 130 (2, 3); Blegen, Korakou, p. 67, fig. 96; ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1909, p. 73, fig. 7 (6, 8).

page 182 note 1 Compare Blegen, Korakou, p. 15, figs. 18, 19, p. 16, fig. 21, Zygouries, p. 126, fig. 118; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 136, fig. 184 (3, 4), p. 139, fig. 187, p. 154, fig. 214, p. 163, fig. 227, p. 169, fig. 239, p. 172.

page 182 note 2 Stemmed goblets are common on the Mainland in L.H. I, see above, pp. 148 f., 155 f., especially the two from Tomb 517, nos. 16, 17, pl. xxxiv; compare also Blegen, Korakou, p. 30, fig. 44, p. 41, fig. 56, p. 42, fig. 57, p. 43, figs. 58, 59, p. 44, fig. 60; Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 117. The theory that the L.H. III kylix is derived from Cretan L.M. I tea-cups and deep cups with holes in their bases (B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 152, and p. 103 f., A 637, A 644) disregards the Mainland evidence. The Ephyraean goblets (Blegen, Korakou, pp. 54ff., pls. vi, vii, Zygouries, p. 139, pi. xv; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 188 f., fig. 262) begin just before the end of L.H. I, that is towards 1500 B.C., and so they can hardly be imitations of L.M. II Knossian models (Evans, Shaft Graves and Beehive Tombs, p. 49, note 1) for that period does not begin till 1450 B.C. The kylikes with high swung handles from Milatos (Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 96 f., figs. 105D, 106 M) are of L.M. III b date and reflect the influence of the Mainland. According to Evans (Prehistoric Tombs, p. 125) kylikes made their first appearance in Crete with L. M. III. They were never popular in Crete. For instance in the hundred tombs at Zafer Papoura only four were found (Evans, op. cit., p. 26, 7f g, p. 72, 66 h, n).

page 183 note 1 B.M. Cat Vases, i, 1, A 850, 863.

page 183 note 2 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, pp. 26, 72, 125. Compare also the terra-cotta ornaments from the Tomb of Genii painted blue to resemble lapis lazuli, B.S.A., xxv, p. 384 f., 4543 a, b, c.

page 183 note 3 Evans, Tomb of Double Axes, pp. 25–8.

page 183 note 4 See above, pp. 148 f., 155, 163.

page 183 note 5 See above, p. 168.

page 183 note 6 Compare Blegen, Zygouries, p. 156, fig. 149, p. 170, fig 165, p. 173, fig. 170.

page 183 note 7 See above, p. 168 f.

page 183 note 8 Compare Blegen, Zygouries, p. 173, fig. 170.

page 183 note 9 See above, p. 171 f.

page 183 note 10 Compare Miss Goldman's remarks, Eutresis, p. 124.

page 183 note 11 Blegen, op. cit., p. 163, fig. 158, p. 170, fig. 166.

page 183 note 12 Palace of Minos, ii, pp. 422 ff.

page 183 note 13 For instance, Goldman, Eutresis, p. 133, fig. 181, p. 152, fig. 209.

page 183 note 14 Blegen, op. cit, p. 153 f., fig. 144.

page 184 note 1 See p. 163 f.

page 184 note 2 See p. 164.

page 184 note 3 These are different in type from those from Ialyssos, B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, pp. 139 ff., A801–11; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 191, fig. 114, p. 245; Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat., pi. 47, 8–11.

page 184 note 4 See p. 164 above and the parallels there cited.

page 184 note 5 A plain bath was found at Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 142, fig. 134, and a fragment of a painted one at Tiryns, Schliemann, Tiryns, p. 140, pl. xxiv-d, e.

page 184 note 6 See above, p. 9.

page 184 note 7 B. S. A., xxv, pp. 40, 47, 50 ff.; J. H. S., 1926, pp. 117 ff. The imported Mycenaean pottery from the uppermost stratum at Phylakopi almost certainly belongs to this class, B. S. A., xvii, p. 18f.

page 185 note 1 B. S. A., xxv, pp. 27 ff.

page 185 note 2 B. S. A., xxv, pp. 34, 41; J.H. S., 1926, pp. 117 ff.

page 185 note 3 B. S. A., xxv, pis. xa, xi k, p. 33, fig. 9 c.

page 185 note 4 Compare B. S.A., xxv, pl. vi b; Fouilles de Delphes, v, p. 11, fig. 41.

page 185 note 5 Compare B.S.A., xxv, p. 32, fig. 8b; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 158, A 883, pl. xiii.

page 185 note 6 Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. xxxiii, 1; Fouilles de Delphes, v, p. 11, figs. 34–6.

page 185 note 7 See above p. 170. Compare the examples from Salamis, Ath. Mitt., 1910, pls. v, 5, 6, vi, 4.

page 186 note 1 Compare B.S.A., xxv, pl. ixa.

page 186 note 2 Especially the hydriae, B. S. A., xxv, p. 32, fig. 8 c, pl. x d-f.

page 186 note 3 See p. 8f. To the examples given can be added two frorr Asine, Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pi. xxxiii, 1. Compare also the late example from Salamis, Ath. Mitt., 1910, p. 28, fig. 6. Some of the late deep bowls or kraters from Vrokastro resemble the Granary Class examples in that the foot is left unpainted: Hall, Vrokastro, p. 130 f., fig. 79, see p. 187 below.

page 186 note 4 Compare Graf, Vasen von der Akropolis zu Athen, no. 237; Fouilles de Delphes, v, p. 11, fig. 40; Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pls. xxxiii, 1, 2, pl. XLV, I; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 210, A 1093, fig. 292.

page 186 note 5 Compare ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 163, fig. 121 (5); Fouilles de Delphes, v, p. 11, fig. 39; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 143, fig. 65 (41); Corpus Vasorum, Copenhagen Mus. Nat., pl. 46, 9.

page 186 note 6 Compare B. S. A., xxv, p. 33, fig. 9d, pls. ix a, x a, b, xi f h, i, m.

page 186 note 7 Compare B. S. A., xxv, pl. vi b.

page 186 note 8 Compare B. S. A., xxv, p. 32, fig. 8 b.

page 187 note 1 Compare B. S. A., xxv, p. 25, fig. 7 h, p. 33, fig. 9b; Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pis. XXXIII, 1, 2, XLV, I; Gräf, Vasen von der Akropolis zu Athen, no. 237; B.M. Cat. Vases, i, 1, p. 210, A 1093, fig. 292; and the Salamis vases, Ath. Mitt., 1910, p. 23, fig. 1, p. 28, fig. 7.

page 187 note 2 Compare Frödin-Persson, op. cit., pl. XXXIII, 1.

page 187 note 3 See above, p. 7, and compare B. S. A., xxv, p. 32 f., fig. 8b, fig. 9 e, f, pls. x b, xi m.

page 187 note 4 See p. 145.

page 187 note 5 B.S.A., xxv, p. 78, fig. 18.

page 187 note 6 See the references given on p. 59, note 6; compare Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 206, fig. 92. Tsountas found in one tomb twenty bronze arrow-heads in two bundles of ten each.

page 187 note 7 See below, p. 222 f.

page 188 note 1 Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pi. iv, 17. Compare Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 119, pl. xxv, N; Goldman, Eutresis, pp. 216, 218, 219, figs. 286 (4), 288 (3–7), 289 (5); Παπαβασιλείου Περὶ τῶν ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ ἀρχαίων τάϕων, p. 26, fig. 17; Blegen, Zygouries, p. 183 (5), pl. xx, 18.

page 188 note 2 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. IIO, fig. 112, pl. xci, fig. 109.

page 188 note 3 This type of hilt resembles, but differs from that in the Fifth Shaft Grave, Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 133, no. 725, pls. LXXXI-LXXXII, p. 136, fig. 52. It occurs once in a horned sword from Tomb 81 at Mycenae, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1897, pl. vui, 2, and on a shoulderless sword from Tomb 78, at the same site, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1897, pl. VII, 3, 3a.

page 188 note 4 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1897, pi. viii, 1.

page 188 note 5 Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 34 ff., nos. 9, 11, pls. xx (11, iv, 3), xxii, xxiv.

page 188 note 6 Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. D, II, 13; others have been found by Maiuri, Annuariod. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii; p. 98, fig. 15, n. 19, p. 199, fig. 124. Compare also the dagger found by Schliemann at Mycenae, Mycenae, p. 164, fig. 238.

page 189 note 1 J.H.S., 1904, p. 324, 4908; ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1897, pi. viii, 5, p. 108; Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 603, fig. 71. Another side-piece in faience was found by Tsountas on the Acropolis at Mycenae, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1897, pl. VIII, 6.

page 189 note 2 Naue, Vorrömische Schwerter, pp. 10 ff., type I dd, pl. v, 4, 4a. See Evans, Shaft Graves and Beehive Tombs, p. 34.

page 189 note 3 Naue, op. cit., Type Ic, pl. iii, 4; see Evans, op. cit., p. 34, fig. 23.

page 189 note 4 For instance the Ialyssos examples, which like one from Palaikastro (Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, pl. xxv, 1, p. 117) have a bronze pommel in the same piece with the tang.

page 189 note 5 Karo, Schachtgräber, nos. 394, 396, 397, 746, 747, pls. LXXXIX, XC, XCI-XCIV, pp. 95 ff., 135 ff.

page 189 note 6 Mycenae, Fourth Shaft Grave, Karo, Schachtgräber, nos. 216 a, b, p. 70, pl. LXXII; Mycenae, Tomb 5, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 173, pl. ix, 21; Thebes, Montelius, Grèce Préclassique, i, pl. 16, 1; ᾽Αρχ Δελτίον, iii, p. 197, no. 3, fig. 142, 4; Korakou, Blegen, Korakou, p. 108, fig. 133 (1); Zygouries, Blegen, Zygouries, p. 203, fig. 190 (1); Dendra, Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 90, 98, nos. 27, 28, 100, no. 4, fig. 73, pi. XXXII; Παπαβασιλείου Περὶ τῶν ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ ἀρχαίων τάϕων, p. 26, fig. 17.

page 189 note 7 Knossos, Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, pl. xci, fig. 113, 51c, 75d, 3a, 4b, 64 c, Tomb of Double Axes, p. 4, fig. 5, p. 42, fig. 54; Palaikastro, Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 119, pl. xxv, K. The type is also known in Rhodes, at Ialyssos, Maiuri, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 149, fig. 70, p. 181, fig. 106, p. 230, fig. 147; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. D, 6, 9.

page 189 note 8 Compare the example from Tomb 82 at Mycenae, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 3129.

page 190 note 1 Compare the example from Dendra, Persson, op. cit., p. 98, no. 27, pl. xxxii, 6, p. 100, fig. 73.

page 190 note 2 Compare the examples from Mycenae, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, pl. ix, 21; Karo, op. cit., p. 70, no. 216a, pl. LXXII, Dendra, Persson, op. cit, p. 98, no. 27, p. 100, fig. 73, Zygouries, Blege, Zygouries, p. 203, fig. 190 (1).

page 190 note 3 See p. 48, pl. xxv.

page 190 note 4 See pp. 50, 109.

page 190 note 5 Vaphio, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. viii, 4, pp. 156 ff.; Mycenae, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 2544; Gournia, Boyd-Hawes, Gournia, pl. iv, 63 A; see Stais, Coll. Mycenienne1, p. 183, nos. 1855–1860.

page 190 note 6 Karo, Schachtgräber, pp. 53, 55, 56, nos. 70, 81, 82, fig. 13, pi. xxxiv.

page 190 note 7 See Evans, Shaft Graves and Beehive Tombs, pp. 38, 39; and the series of types in Montelius, Grece Préclassique, i, pl. 15, 18–23.

page 190 note 8 Karo, op. cit., p. 161 f., nos. 910, 933, pl. xcvi; compare the other two spear heads from the same tomb, Karo, op. cit., p. 160, nos. 902, 903, pl. xcvi, and the two late spear heads from Ialyssos, Maiuri, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, pp. 133, 199, figs. 54, 124.

page 190 note 9 Seager, Mochlos, p. 75, nos. 10, 12, fig. 45.

page 190 note 10 Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 63, 97. The examples of his earlier type from the tholos tomb at Dendra seem in bad condition, but three of the four have rings at the ends of the sockets. Compare the late spear head from Ialyssos, Maiuri, op. cit., p. 230, fig. 147.

page 191 note 1 E. H.: Goldman, Eutresis, p. 216, fig. 286 (3); Blegen, Zygouries, p. 183, no. 4, pl. xx, 19; Παπα-βασιλείου Περὶ τῶν ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ ἀρχαίων τάϕων, pp. 6, 8, figs. 4, II, pi. H.

M. H.: Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, p. 74, pl. xxix, 2; A.J.A., 1925, p. 420; Tsountas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ακροπόλεις, pl. 4, 1, 2, pp. 140, 143,

L. H.: Karo, op. cit., p. 145, no. 818, pls. cxxxvi, xcv, xcvi; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 89, fig. 62; ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, pp. 129, 173, figs. 92, 127; Fouilles de Delphes, v, p. 8, fig. 22; Παπα βασιλείου, op. cit., p. 26, fig. 17; Goldman, op. cit., p. 218 f., fig. 289 (2); A.J.A, 1925, p. 425.

page 191 note 2 Seager, Mochlos, pp. 73, 74, nos. 25, 28, 33, figs. 12, 44; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 118, pl. xxv, E; Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 115, Palace of Minos, i, p. 99, fig. 70, p. 101; Xanthoudides, Vaulted Tombs of Mesará, pp. 28, 82, 109, pl. xxivb, pl. XLIII b, pl. LVI.

page 191 note 3 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1898, pl. XII, 4, 1899, pl. x, 40–2.

page 191 note 4 Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 90.

page 191 note 5 See the references in notes 1 and 2.

page 191 note 6 Maiuri, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 181, fig. 106.

page 191 note 7 Seager, Mochlos, p. 73, no. 25 a, b, fig. 44.

page 192 note 1 Athens, Nat. Museum, no. 2845; Stais, Coll. Mycénienne1 2, p. 89.

page 192 note 2 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, p. 151, pl. VII, 7.

page 192 note 3 From Tomb 44. Professor Blegen, whom I have to thank for this information, will publish it in his forthcoming book.

page 192 note 4 Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 62 f.

page 192 note 5 B. S. A., xxv, pi- LXI, Ic.

page 192 note 6 B. S.A., xxv, pp. 397 ff., pl. LXI. To the list of moulds given (loc. cit., p. 398, note 3) should be added another steatite mould from Knossos in the Ashmolean Museum, which is probably not older than L M. II. On the dating of steatite moulds see Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 150.

page 192 note 7 J. H. S., 1925, p. 1.

page 193 note 1 Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 101, fig. 19.

page 193 note 2 A.J.A., 1929, pp. 173 ff.

page 193 note 3 Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 16, 36 (13), 64, fig. 41, pl. xxv, 1.

page 193 note 4 See below, p. 213.

page 193 note 5 pp. 212 ff.

page 193 note 6 B. S. A., xxv, pp. 399 ff, pl. LXI.

page 193 note 7 Maiuri {op. cit., p. 101) calls it sicuramente femminile.

page 194 note 1 J. H. S., 1925, pp. 55 ff.; Palace 0/Minos, iii, pp. 149 ff.; see too, Schliemann, Mycenae, p. 166.

page 194 note 2 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 55, no. 78, pl. xxii.

page 194 note 3 Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, p. 553.

page 194 note 4 It is exhibited in the National Museum, Athens, with the gold bar or ‘toggle’ mentioned by Bosanquet from this tomb, J. H. S., 1904, p. 324, no. 4916, and presumably is from the same tomb.

page 194 note 5 B.M. Cat. Jewellery, no. 580, pl. v; and compare ibid., no. 678, of unknown provenance.

page 194 note 6 Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 219, fig. 104 (= Mont. Ant., xiv, p. 599, fig. 63); Athens, Nat. Museum, no. 3087.

page 194 note 7 B. C.H., 1904, p. 388, fig. 28.

page 194 note 8 ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 197, fig. 142, 5.

page 194 note 9 Maraghiannis, Ant. Crétoises, i, pl. xvi(= Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 599, fig. 62).

page 194 note 10 B. S.A., xxv, p. 365, fig. 79 n,, p. 373, no. 13.

page 194 note 11 See for instance p. 221.

page 195 note 1 See p. 192.

page 195 note 2 Compare the ring, Tomb 518, no. 74 (pl. xxxviii).

page 195 note 3 Athens, Nat. Museum, no. 1810;, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. vii, 4, p. 150 f.

page 195 note 4 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 55, no. 77, pl. xxii.

page 195 note 5 B.M. Cat. Jewellery, no. 623, pl. v.

page 195 note 6 See pp. 190, 197.

page 195 note 7 Rodenwaldt, Tiryns, ii, pl. viii.

page 195 note 8 Schliemann, Mycenae, p. 165; Karo, Schachtgräber, pp. 43 ff., nos. 2, 4, 6, 10–14, 18, 20, pls. XXVIII, XXIX.

page 195 note 9 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1907, pp. 31 ff.; compare Meurer, Jahrbuch, 1912, p. 208, Evans, Shaft Graves and Beehive Tombs, pp. 4 ff.

page 195 note 10 Karo, op. cit., p. 124 f. nos. 640–6, 647, 655, pl. LVI.

page 196 note 1 As suggested for instance by Schuchhardt, Schliemann's Excavations, p. 202.

page 196 note 2 See Karo, op. cit., pp. 38 ff., who proves that the bodies in the Shaft Graves were not buried in coffins.

page 196 note 3 Carter-Mace, Tomb of Tutankhamen, i, pl. LXXVIII; Winlock-Mace, Tomb of Senebtesi, p. 59, pl. xxi; T. M. Davis, Harmhabi and Touâtdnkhamen, pp. 133 ff., fig. 13, pl. LXXXIX; id., Tomb of Queen Tiyi, p. 40, nos. 54–6, pl. v, 8.

page 196 note 4 See also Wace, Cretan Statuette, pp. 33 ff.

page 196 note 5 B. S. A., xxv, p. 365, fig. 79 d.

page 196 note 6 Compare Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 187.

page 196 note 7 Cretan Statuette, p. 32 f.

page 196 note 8 For instance Rodenwaldt, Tiryns, ii, pl. viii, compare ibid., p. 80, note 4.

page 196 note 9 No. 1827.

page 196 note 10 Compare Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pl. xxiv, p. 35; B. S. A., xxv, p. 303 f., fig. 57 g.

page 197 note 1 Compare Karo, op. cit, p. 59.

page 197 note 2 See p. 204.

page 197 note 3 Apparently the only other known example is one from Laconia, ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, x Παράρτημα, p. 43, fig. 3.

page 197 note 4 See pp. 206 ff.

page 197 note 5 Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 5409.

page 197 note 6 Compare Cesnola, Salaminia, pls. XII, xiiii, xiv, especially pl. xiii, 29; compare the Syrian and Cypriote cylinders in the Ashmolean Museum.

page 198 note 1 For instance Vaphio, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. x, 7; Mycenae, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, pl. x, 6, 27, 32.

page 198 note 2 Altkreta 2, pl. 318 i.

page 198 note 3 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1907, pl- VIII, 156.

page 198 note 4 Op. cit, pl. 315g

page 198 note 5 Outspread wings are a feature of the monsters and beasts on the Zakro sealings, esp. J.H. S., 1902, pp. 76 ff., figs. 8, 10, 12, 13, 22, 23, pls. vi, 20, 21, 25–8, vii, 29, 33–5.

page 198 note 6 See p. 26 f.

page 198 note 7 Compare the crystal from Mycenae, Evans, Tree and Pillar Cult, p. 58, fig. 34 (= Beazley, Lewes House Collection, no. 4, p. 2, pl. 1).

page 198 note 8 Tree and Pillar Cult, pp. 56 ff., figs. 30–3, and especially fig. 34; cf. ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, pl. x, 43 (=Bossert, Altkreta 2, pl. 321 a) from Tomb 25, Mycenae; Beazley, Lewes House Collection, no. 4, p. 2, pl. 1 (= Evans, op. cit., fig. 34).

page 198 note 9 Op. cit., pp. 55 ff.

page 198 note 10 Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, pp. 244 ff.

page 198 note 11 Evans, op. cit., p. 56, fig. 30.

page 198 note 12 Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, xvi (1930), p. 88; see also his Aegypiiaca, p. 56, nos. 95, 96.

page 199 note 1 Compare the conical seal from Tomb 22 at Enkomi, British Museum, Catalogue of Engraved Gems, p. 12, no. 94, pl. 11.

page 199 note 2 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. x.

page 199 note 3 Royal Tombs at Dendra, pl. xix.

page 199 note 4 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. x, 3.

page 199 note 5 Iliad, E 136 ff.

page 199 note 6 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 49, no. 34, pl. xxiv.

page 199 note 7 The parallels have been collected by Beazley, Lewes House Collection, no. 5, p. 2, pl. 1, and to them can be added a gold ring from Mycenae, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 3178, a sardonyx from Mycenae, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 2434, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, pl, x, 22, and an agate from Mycenae, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 2974.

page 200 note 1 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. x, 20.

page 200 note 2 Evans, Palace of Minos, i, p. 510 f., figs. 366, 367.

page 200 note 3 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1907, pl. vii, 89.

page 200 note 4 Bossert, Altkreta 2, pl. 319f.

page 200 note 5 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. x, 9, 10; compare the gem in Berlin, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. E, 19a.

page 200 note 6 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, pl. x, 20.

page 200 note 7 Evans, Palace of Minos, i, p. 695, fig. 517.

page 200 note 8 Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, pp. 310 fF.

page 200 note 9 Palace of Minos, iv, pp. 168 ff., figs. 133 b, c. Sir Arthur Evans has kindly given me the reference to this unpublished volume.

page 200 note 10 Nilsson, op. cit., pl. 11, 8, p. 310, fig. 90.

page 200 note 11 Furtwängler, Ant. Gemmen, pl. vi, 5. Dr. Möbius has kindly sent me notes about this and the impression here reproduced.

page 200 note 12 Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 139, figs. 61, 62. The impression here reproduced I owe to the kindness of Professor Jacopi.

page 200 note 13 Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pl. xvii, p. 55, figs. 33, 34; Nilsson, op. cit., p. 311.

page 200 note 14 B.M. Cat. Jewellery, p. 54, no. 762, pis. vi, vii.

page 200 note 15 Tree and Pillar Cult, p. 68.

page 201 note 1 s.v. Κυβηλίσαι.

page 201 note 2 V, 102: compare Suidas, s.v. Κυβιστᾶν, ὅθεν καὶ τὴν μητέρα τῶν θεῶν τοῦ ἐνθουσιασμοῦ Κυβήβην λέγουσιν.

page 201 note 3 The instances have been collected by Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, p. 183; see ibid., p. 94.

page 201 note 4 Maraghiannis, Ant. Crétoises, ii, pl. XLIV; see also Nilsson, op. cit., p. 182.

page 201 note 5 B. S. A., xxv, pp. 224ff., fig. 42, pl. XXXVII. To the references given add ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1922, pp. 15 ff., fig. 12, for the altars from Nirou Chani.

page 201 note 6 e.g. ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1907, pl. VII, 69, 93.

page 201 note 7 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. x, 37.

page 202 note 1 Palace of Minos, i, p. 695.

page 202 note 2 See notes 1, 2, p. 60, and other examples in the National Museum, Athens.

page 202 note 3 Evans, J. H. S., 1921, p. 254, Palace of Minos, iii, pp. 218 ff.; compare the seal impression from Knossos, J. H. S., 1921, p. 254, fig. 7 (= Palace of Minos, iii, p. 219, fig. 153). The whole subject is discussed in detail by Evans in these two passages.

page 202 note 4 Evans, Palace of Minos, iii, p. 220, fig. 154.

page 202 note 5 There are several examples from Vaphio, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. x, 12, 22–4, 26–9, 36. The king's gems from Dendra are lentoids, Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pl. xix.

page 202 note 6 Bossert, Altkreta 2, fig. 325 c(— Furtwängler, Ant. Gemmen, i, pl. 3, 44).

page 202 note 7 Cf. Evans, J. H. S., 1912, pp. 294 ff.

page 202 note 8 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 138, no. 765, pls. xciii, xciv.

page 202 note 9 Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 58.

page 202 note 10 Evans, Palace of Minos, ii, pl. xii, pp. 705 ff., fig. 441.

page 203 note 1 See above, p. 200; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 139, figs. 61, 62.

page 203 note 2 Palace of Minos, iii, p. 231, figs. 162, 163, 164 A.

page 203 note 3 ibid., iii, p. 316 f., figs. 211, 212.

page 203 note 4 Perrot-Chipiez, Histoire de l'Art dans l'Antiquité, vi, p. 851, fig. 432, 10; British Museum, Catalogue of Engraved Gems, p. 67, no. 548, pl. x. Compare the chalcedony, ibid., p. 13, no. 104, pl. ii.

page 203 note 5 Vaphio, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1889, pl. x, 11; Bossert, Altkreta 2, fig. 318 c (= ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1907, pl. vii, 103); Perrot-Chipiez, op. cit., p. 845, fig. 428 (= Tsountas, Μυκῆναι,4 pl. v, 6); British Museum, Catalogue of Engraved Gems, p. 8 f. nos. 60, 61, 73, pl. 11.

page 203 note 6 Times Literary Supplement, 1922, p. 747.

page 203 note 7 Hogarth, Hittite Seals, pp. 476*”., figs. 45, 47, 30; for the border compare ibid., pl. x, 314, 321.

page 204 note 1 From a letter from Professor Jacobsthal, who kindly submitted a photograph of the sealstone to Professor Goetze on my behalf.

page 204 note 2 Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 5409.

page 204 note 3 It has not proved practicable to adopt the nomenclature and classification of beads put forward by Beck, Archaeologia, lxxvii, pp. 1 ff.

page 204 note 4 See p. 197, Tomb 518, no. 69 a, fig. 33, p. 86.

page 204 note 5 Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, pp. 17 ff.

page 205 note 1 See pp. 93, 198, pl. ix.

page 205 note 2 See p. 207, note 6, for gold beads of this type.

page 205 note 3 P. 94.

page 205 note 4 See pp. 93, 198.

page 205 note 5 Leemans, Mon. Egypt., li, pl. xxxvii, 103.

page 205 note 6 Compare three beads from Tell-el-Amarna, British Museum, no. 57425.

page 206 note 1 Syria, xiii, pl. ix, 2.

page 206 note 2 Compare Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 30, C 18, p. 39, 4 (5), p. 41 (8), p. 106 (47, 49); Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pls. A, 8, B, 25; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, pp. 149, 157, figs. 71, 82.

page 206 note 3 Compare Mycenae Tomb 58, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 2813, Tomb of Genii, B. S. A., xxv, p. 380, 382 (nos. 4537a, 4539), figs. 88a, 880; Menidi, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 1993; Dimeni, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 3368; Phaistos, Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 141, fig. 100 c; Dendra, Persson, op. cit., p. 27, B2, p. 30, C 18, p. 39, 4 (5), p. 41 (8), p. 106 (48).; Ialyssos, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, op. cit., pls. A, 2, B, 24.

page 206 note 4 e.g. B.S.A., xxv, pp.380, 381, no. 4537 a, fig. 880; Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 138, no. 14, 3634, p. 165, no. 31, 3563.

page 206 note 5 e.g. Persson, op. cit, p. 29, C 7; ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 183, no. 10, fig. 132, 4; B.M. Cat. Jewellery, no. 578 (from Tomb 79, Enkomi), pl. iv, no. 678. There are also two gold grain of wheat beads from Mycenae in the British Museum.

page 206 note 6 See p. 222.

page 207 note 1 See above, p. 62.

page 207 note 2 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 69, no. 209, pl. CL. Eight multitubular beads with three sections each were found in the Tomb of Genii, B. S. A., xxv, p. 383, fig. 890, p. 384, 4542 n.

page 207 note 3 Archaeologta, lxxvii, p. 14, fig. 15, A, 2, c.

page 207 note 4 See above, p. 206.

page 207 note 5 See above, p. 206.

page 207 note 6 Ribbed gold beads are frequent, B.M. Cat. Jewellery, no. 578 (Tomb 79, Enkomi), pl. iv, no. 760 (Aegina Treasure), pl. vi; Bosanquet-Dawkins, Unpublished Objects, p. 150, fig. 135 (Palaikastro).

page 208 note 1 Archaeologia, lxxvii, p. 63, fig. 57.

page 208 note 2 Many amethysts were found at Vaphio and Kakovatos (see p. 53), and in Tomb 17 at Thebes, which seems to have been first used in L.H. II, ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 172, fig. 126.

page 208 note 3 Compare the similar carnelian beads from Ialyssos, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. B, 13.

page 209 note 1 B. S. A., xxv, p. 355 (93), fig. 75 o, p. 357 (6), fig. 76 c, d, p. 383, 4542 a.

page 209 note 2 Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 107, no. 53.

page 209 note 3 Nat. Mus., no. 2352.

page 209 note 4 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 58, no. 114, pl. xxv.

page 209 note 5 Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 3628.

page 209 note 6 Compare the fine unengraved lentoid bead from a chamber tomb in Laconia, ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, x, Παράρτημα, p. 43, fig. 3.

page 210 note 1 See the examples illustrated by Tsountas, ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, pl. viii.

page 210 note 2 B. C. H., 1878, pls. XIII-XVIII.

page 210 note 3 Lolling, Kuppelgrab bei Menidi, pis. VI-IX.

page 210 note 4 Karo, Schachtgräber, no. 310, p. 84, pl. XLIII. This comb is now given to the Fourth Shaft Grave, but Schliemann found it in the Third, a grave which held the bodies of three women, a much more likely provenance, Schliemann, Mycenae, p. 203.

page 210 note 5 ᾽Εϕ. ᾽Αρχ., 1888, p. 138.

page 210 note 6 For instance in Tomb 3 at Thebes, ᾽Αρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 88, fig. 63, and at Ialyssos, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen, pl. c, 4.

page 210 note 7 B. C. H., 1878, pl. XVII.

page 210 note 8 Dörpfeld, Troja und llion, i, p. 399, fig. 389; compare Fimmen, Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur, P. 103.

page 211 note 1 p. 84.

page 211 note 2 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 44, fig. 40.

page 211 note 3 Hall, Civilization of Greece in the Bronze Age, p. 228, fig. 302.

page 211 note 4 B.S.A., xxv, p. 303.

page 211 note 5 B.C.H., 1904, p. 384, 5, fig. 20 (1).

page 211 note 6 ibid., 1878, pls. XIII, XV, 1, pp. 204 ff.

page 211 note 7 Karo, Schachtgräber, no. 785, p. 141 f., figs. 58,59, pl. CXXXVI.

page 211 note 8 B.S.A., XXV, pp. 368 ff., pl. LIX.

page 211 note 9 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1888, p. 172, pls. VIII, 3, IX, 19 α, β; Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 188, fig. 84; Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 2899.

page 211 note 10 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 64, fig. 69.

page 211 note 11 Hall, Civilization of Greece in the Bronze Age, p. 228, fig. 302.

page 212 note 1 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 69, no. 210, pl. CL.

page 212 note 2 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1888, p. 142, Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 2414.

page 212 note 3 Compare Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 2635.

page 212 note 4 For instance, Athens, Nat. Mus.; nos. 2447, 2465, 2476, and two from Menidi, Lolling, Kuppelgrab bet Menidi, pls. VII, VIII.

page 212 note 5 Rodenwaldt, Tiryns, ii, pl. x, 3.

page 212 note 6 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 339. Compare, too, the pyxis from Minet-el-Beida, Syria, x, pl. LVI.

page 212 note 7 Compare the example from Spata, B. C. H., 1878, pl. XIV, 1.

page 212 note 8 Palace of Minos, ii, p. 641, note 1.

page 212 note 9 See p. 28.

page 212 note 10 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 136, fig. 100.

page 212 note 11 A bone needle was found in the Fifth Shaft Grave, Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 155, no. 898, pl. LXXI, and bone pins are often found in Late Helladic tombs.

page 212 note 12 Karo, op. cit., p. 112, nos. 521–31, pls. LXIX, LXX. From the presence in Tomb 6, a Middle Helladic cist tomb, at Eleusis (Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, pp. 55, 145, fig. 119), in House E at Eutresis, which was in the second Middle Helladic layer (Goldman, Eutresis, p. 220, fig. 290, pp. 52 ff.), and in the Fourth Shaft Grave and in Tomb 518 of tusks pierced in this way, it might be thought that this was an older (M.H. and L.H. I–II) type, and that the other method was of L.H. II–III date, but Professor Blegen kindly informs me that he has found the presumed older type in L.H. III tombs at the Argive Heraion. The discovery of worked boar's tusks in Middle Helladic contexts at Eleusis and Eutresis supports Nilsson's view (Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, p. 19 f.) that they are characteristic of the Mainland rather than of Crete.

page 213 note 1 Homerische Waffen 2, pp. 101 ff. To his list of sites where they have been found should be added the Argive Heraion, Asine (Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pp. 46, 48), Kakovatos (Ath. Mitt., 1909, p. 292), Knossos (Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 67), Dendra (Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 103), Eleusis (Mylonas, op. cit., loc. cit.), and Eutresis, where examples of the curved and rectangular types pierced through from front to back were found in House E which belongs to the second Middle Helladic period, though altered subsequently (Goldman, Eutresis, p. 220, fig. 290, pp. 52 ff.). Some were also found in the Shaft Grave below the granary at Mycenae, B. S. A., xxv, p. 56f., fig. 14. The objects in glass from the Tholos Tomb at Dendra, which Persson in error took to be copies of boar's tusks, are discussed above, p. 193.

page 213 note 2 Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, p. 19 f.; Seymour, Life in the Homeric Age, pp. 661 ff.

page 213 note 3 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1888, pp. 146, 165, pl. VIII, 12.

page 213 note 4 B. C. H., 1878, pl. XVIII, 2.

page 213 note 5 Murray, Excavations in Cyprus, pl. 11.

page 214 note 1 Ath. Mitt., 1911, pl. XII; B. S. A., xxv, p. 225, pl. XXXVII a.

page 214 note 2 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1889, p. 169f., pl. x, 37.

page 214 note 3 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 119, no. 605, pl. CXXXI.

page 214 note 4 For instance the gem from Tomb 518, no. 65, pl. XXXVIII.

page 215 note 1 Schliemann, Mycenae, pls.XVI–XIX, A, B, C.

page 215 note 2 Blegen, Zygouries, p. 205 f.

page 215 note 3 Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 85. He thinks they may be compared with the ushabtis of the Egyptian Tombs, ibid., p. 89.

page 215 note 4 Blegen, op. cit., p. 205.

page 215 note 5 B. S. A., xxv, p. 96.

page 216 note 1 Persson, Asine, p. 75, fig. 41; Nilsson, Minoan-Mycenaean Religion, pl. IV.

page 216 note 2 See also B. M. Cat. Terracottas, pp. 4, 71, A 22 (Enkomi, Tomb 93), B 2 (Ialyssos, Tomb 5).

page 217 note 1 Rodenwaldt, Tiryns, ii, pl. XII.

page 217 note 2 Schliemann, Tiryns, pl. xv.

page 217 note 3 Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi–vii, p. 234, fig. 150.

page 217 note 4 B.M. Cat. Vases, i. 2, nos. C 338-C 340, C 341, C 345, C 348, C 398, figs. 109–11, 112 b, 114, 115, 136.

page 217 note 5 Tsountas and Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 174; Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, pp. 27, 29, 30, 41, 85, 90, 91; B. S. A., xxv, pp. 291, 303, 385; 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, pp. 177 (1), 188 (1).

page 217 note 6 Blegen, Korakou, p. 109; Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, p. 84, pl. XXXVI; B. S. A., XXV, pp. 24, 27, 29, 36, 48, 54, 56, 149, 205, 218.

page 217 note 7 Tsountas and Manatt, op. cit., p. 174.

page 218 note 1 Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 2153.

page 218 note 2 See p. 195 f.

page 218 note 3 See pp. 69, 85, 102.

page 218 note 4 See p. 69.

page 219 note 1 See pp. 100 ff.

page 219 note 2 Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 60; Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, p. 84. Compare B.S.A., xxv, p. 385; Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 143.

page 219 note 3 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 89, fig. 101 (15–17); Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 607, fig. 76.

page 219 note 4 The suggestion (B.S.A., xxviii, p. 286) that the conical type is derived from a ‘half melon’ type of bead is untenable. It fails to take into account the terra-cotta examples of E.H. (see Blegen, Korakou, p. 104, fig. 129, Zygouries, p. 190, fig. 179), M.H. (see Goldman, Eutresis, p. 198, pl. XIX, Mylonas, Προϊστορικὴ ᾽Ελευσίς, p. 142 f., fig. 118, Blegen, Korakou, p. 105), and L.H. I and II.

page 219 note 5 Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 105, no. 43, fig. 80; there was one example each in the Treasury of Atreus and in the Tomb of Genii at Mycenae, B. S. A., xxv, p. 355, fig. 75 k, p. 384, and they were common in the Menidi (Lolling, Kuppelgrab bei Menidi, pl. III, 23) and Spata Tombs (B. C. H., 1878, pls. XIII–XIX).

page 220 note 1 Evans, Palace of Minos, i, p. 676.

page 220 note 2 pp. 205 ff.

page 220 note 3 See p. 212.

page 220 note 4 J. H. S., 1904, p. 324, nos. 4908, 4914.

page 220 note 5 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1887, pl VIII, 6.

page 220 note 6 In some cases it might probably be more correct to describe the material as inferior or denatured faience.

page 220 note 7 See p. 192 f.

page 221 note 1 Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XXXVIII, 1.

page 221 note 2 Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 15, fig. 12.

page 221 note 3 Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 617, fig. 80.

page 221 note 4 Persson, op. cit., pl. XVIII, 2.

page 221 note 5 Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, pl. XXXVIII, 1.

page 221 note 6 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 160, fig. 119.

page 221 note 7 Frödin-Persson, op. cit., pl. XXXVIII, 1.

page 221 note 8 Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 617, fig. 80.

page 221 note 9 See p. 26.

page 221 note 10 See above, p. 221.

page 221 note 11 Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 104, no. 34, pl. xxxv.

page 221 note 12 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 133, fig. 98. It is also known at Ialyssos, Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Vasen, pl. c, 10, 11, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi–vii, p. 220, fig. 142.

page 221 note 13 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1906. Pl. xv 3.

page 221 note 14 It is known, for instance, at Ialyssos, Annuario d. R. Scuola Archeologica di Atene, vi-vii, p. 164, fig. 92, no. 31.

page 221 note 15 See p. 194; cf. the examples from Mycenae, Tomb 78, Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 599, fig. 63 (= Tsountas-Manatt, Mycenaean Age, p. 219, fig. 104).

page 221 note 16 B. C. H., 1904, p. 388, fig. 28.

page 221 note 17 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 197, fig. 142, 5.

page 221 note 18 Mon. Ant., xiv, pp. 598, 599, no. 15, fig. 62.

page 221 note 19 B. S. A., xxv, p. 380, no. 4537 a, b, p. 381, fig. 88 o, p.

page 221 note 20 Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 106, no. 46.

page 222 note 1 As also in the case of beads of faience or glass, see p. 206. In Tomb V at Asine was a necklace composed of beads of gold and of glass, Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, p. 90.

page 222 note 2 This same argument applies equally to the beads of faience or glass covered with gold leaf, see p. 206.

page 222 note 3 It occurs for instance at Dendra, Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 102, nos. 10, 11, pl. XXXIII, 6.

page 222 note 4 For instance, Mycenae, Tomb 8, 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1888, pl. IX, 4; Dendra, Tomb 2, Persson, Royal Tombs at Dendra, p. 102, nos. 10, 11, pl. XXXIII, 6; Kapakle, 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1906, pl. XIV; Knossos, Tomb 7 and Chieftain's Tomb, Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 26, fig. 20, p. 58, fig. 60; id., Tomb of Double Axes, p. 45, fig. 59; Phaistos, Mon. Ant., xiv, p. 585, nos. 10, 11, pl. XXXIX; Argos, B. C. H., 1904, pp. 383, 384, figs. 11, 13; B.M. Cat. Jewellery, nos. 793–4, pl. VII.

page 222 note 5 pp. 199–204.

page 222 note 6 Ath. Mitt., 1909, p. 292, pl. xv, 1–9.

page 222 note 7 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1895, p. 225; Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 3681.

page 222 note 8 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 113, nos. 536–40, pl. CI.

page 222 note 9 B. S. A., xxv, p. 224, fig. 41 b.

page 222 note 10 Athens, Nat. Mus., no. 1846, see Phylakopi, p. 222 f.

page 222 note 11 See the arrow-heads from Eutresis, Goldman, Eutresis, pp. 210, 211, p. 208, fig. 280, 2, 12, 13, and the implements from the same site (Goldman, op. cit., pp. 208ff., fig. 280) and from Lianokladi, Wace-Thompson, Prehistoric Thessaly, p. 191, fig. 139.

page 222 note 12 Tsountas, Προϊστορικαὶ ᾽Ακροπόλεις, p. 328.

page 223 note 1 Phylakopi, p. 222 f.

page 223 note 2 Blegen, Zygouries, p. 199; Goldman, Eutresis, p. 204 f., fig. 276, 4.

page 223 note 3 Blegen, Korakou, p. 105, fig. 130, 4, 5; 'Eφ. 'Aρχ., 1902, pp. 123ff. (a Middle Helladic tomb); Mylonas, Προϊστορικαὶ ᾽Ακροπόλεις p. 148, fig. 122.

page 223 note 4 Karo, Schachtgräber, p. 113, nos. 536–40, pl. CI; see also Blegen, Zygouries, p. 208; B.S.A., xxv, p. 224, fig. 41 a, p. 303 f., fig. 57, b, c, d.

page 223 note 5 Pendlebury, Aegyptiaca, p. 57, no. 97.

page 223 note 6 Evans, Palace of Minos, i, p. 65, fig. 32; Pendlebury, op. cit., p. 21, no. 25.

page 223 note 7 Frödin-Persson, Bull. Soc. R. d. Lettres de Lund, 1924–5, p. 87, pl. XXXIX; Pendlebury, op. cit., p. 65, no. 149.

page 223 note 8 Evans, Prehistoric Tombs, p. 151, no. 21, fig. 128.

page 223 note 9 Reisner (Antiquity, v, pp. 200 ff.) thinks that their Egyptian dates should be put later between dynasties III and VI, for ‘none can be dated with safety to the predynastic period or even dynasties I–II'.

page 223 note 10 Pendlebury, op. cit., p. 21, nos. 22–8.

page 223 note 11 Op. cit., p. 53.

page 223 note 12 Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur 2, pp. 168, 174.

page 224 note 1 Op. cit., p. 87.

page 224 note 2 See p. 106.

page 224 note 3 'Aρχ. Δελτίον, iii, p. 183, no. 9.