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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 January 2012
When I was essaying to collect the scattered relics of the ancient Use of Lincoln in the form of a short paper which appeared in No. 1 of the Lincoln Diocesan Gazette in May 1886, I felt it to be a special matter of regret that I was unable to point to any surviving kalendar belonging to that see. The only thing approaching a Lincoln kalendar which I had seen was a Book of Hours which Mr. Bradshaw once put into my hands, pointing out that it had been in use in the diocese of Lincoln. It was not his own property, and unfortunately I returned it to him without taking note of the name of the present owner, but I have noted its peculiarities (as “Line”) where they occur in the Index Festivitatum appended to the Sanctorale of the Sarum Breviary.
page 1 note a Cambridge Press edition, 1886, pp. xxix-xxxvii.
page 2 note a Novum Registrum, p, 42.
page 3 note a Novum Segistrum, p. 43; they are called “doubles,” however, on p. 26.
page 3 note b There appear to be thirty-five doubles, including “Relike Sunday.”
page 4 note a This is a small quarto paper kalendar of eight leaves. On the outside is a memorandum about a “fine ” in 1732.
page 7 note a I have written on the subject of “pyes of two and three comemoracions ” in the Introduction to the Sarum Breviary, fasc. iii. pp. lxx.-lxxvi.
page 8 note a Dugdale, , Monasticon Anglicanum, i. 362, 363Google Scholar.
page 10 note a Genge, Depyng, and Ashton were the first, second and third mitred abbats of Peterborough. Ramsey succeeded Ashton in 1471: then Robert Kirton, 1496. John Chambers, the abbat at the Dissolution (having succeeded Kirton in 1528), was consecrated first bishop of Peterborough in 1541.
page 10 note b Mr. W. H. St. John Hope has determined the interpretation of these letters by reference to the beautiful Peterborough Kalendar in the Psalter which bears the name of Robert of Lindesey (abbat 1214–1222), and which is the property of the Society of Antiquaries at Burlington House.
page 16 note a i. 344–363.
page 17 note a “Can:,” etc. The notes in the margin opposite the Sundays indicate the majores Personas dignitates habentes (viz. Decanus, Precentor, Cancellarius, Subdecanus, and Archidiaconus, with “Asgarbie,” the prebend held at this period by the Episcopus), whose turn it was pascere (to provide the “feedings ”) in cursu suo. These notes are, like the Sunday letters, in pale ink, possibly once red. For the insertion of notes on colours and others enclosed in brackets (see above, p. 5) I am responsible.
page 16 note b Dugdale, A Lincoln Inventory, mentions a costly cloth of gold for the high altar, for principal feasts, with a frontlet of the same. Dugdale, , Monast. viii. p. 1285Google Scholar. As to Lincoln Principal Feasts see Novum Registrum, p. 26.
page 16 note c “Feliciae V.” This and similar insertions of saints' names are derived from a Lincoln book of Hours.
page 17 note a The year 1635–6 being leap year.
page 17 note b According to De Morgan and other authorities, this would-be corrector was in the wrong. In leap-year St. Matthias' Day is bis sextus (the second or intercalated sixth day before the Kalends of April), commonly reckoned as the 25th of February in such a year, “quarto die a Cathedra S. Petri,” as the rule of the Sarum Kalendar expresses it.
page 18 note a White was a Lenten colour at Lincoln. See Legg's Notes on the History of the Liturgical Colours, p. 49. The Inventory in Dugdale, Monast. viii. p. 1285, mentions also a Yellow vestment with an orphrey, small, with a crucifix of gold in red upon the back … for Lent. Also a double cloth, White and Red, with a plain altar cloth for the high altar in Lent, with a frontlet of the same, p. 1286. On week days in Lent, Saturdays excepted, vespers were said at 6 o'clock, and a “collatio ” followed.
page 18 note b The Lincoln colour for “ferial days ” (e.g. Ember Days and Vigils, when prayers were said flexis genibus), was plain red (Dugdale, Monast. viii. p. 1282), or white (Peacock's Engl. Ch. Furniture, p. 182; J. W. Legg's Notes on the Hist, of Liturgical Colours, p. 49.)
page 19 note a There is a curious confusion in these weeks. Maundy Thursday (strangely called “festum cænse Domini”), Good Friday (“pascuæ,” for Parascevœ), and Easter Eve or Holy Saturday, are treated as if they fell in the festal Easter-tide. The maker of the kalendar has evidently placed the days of Holy Week seven places too low on his page.
page 20 note a “Sancti Orucis,” MS. The Invention of the Cross is called “duplex ” in Nov. Beg. p. 26, but “semiduplex ” p. 43.
page 20 note b St. Dunstan is commemorated on the 19th in Sarum and the other kalendars. The corrector here is probably in the wrong, as in the month of February.
page 22 note a Festum, Reliquiarum, Gathedralis Lincoln, is given on July 14th.
page 22 note b The feast of St. Mary Magdalen is called a double, also in the Novum Registrum of Bishop Alnwict (1440), p. 26. But on p. 43 it is styled “semi-double.”
page 22 note c St. Anne is the only matron whose name I have observed in this Directory. Possibly the full Lincoln Kalendar, when it contained holy days of inferior dignity, exhibited such other matronce as appear in the York Breviary; viz. Batildis (Jan. 30), Martha (Jul. 27), and Pelagia (Oct. 8).
page 24 note a Holy Cross Day appears likewise as a “double” feast on p. 26 of the Novum Registrum of 1440, but as a “semi-double” on p. 43 ibid. So also Michaelmas Day.
page 24 note b It should be borne in mind that the MS. from which we print referred originally to a year beginning conventionally in the middle of September 1635, and ending in September 1636. For the sake of getting the immoveable Feasts in the ordinary Kalendar sequence we have tacked the head on to the tail of the MS. so as to make it serve generally for any year so far as the Saints' Days are concerned. It happens, fortunately, that the two days which, owing to its construction, do not occur anywhere in our MS. (September 18th-19th) are probably unimportant. At least, in the Sarum, York, and Hereford Kalendars they are blank.
page 25 note a The Translation of St. Edward, king and confessor, is placed on the 13th in the Sarum and other kalendars.
page 26 note a The feasts of St. Katherine and St. Andrew appear in a list of “festa duplioia ” in the draft Novum Registrum of 1440, p. 26. But lower down in the same document they are mentioned among the eight semiduplicia. The list as printed in 1873, p. 43, is corrupt.
page 27 note a Libianus I do not find elsewhere. Bibiana or Vivien, V.M. appears in some kalendars on Dec. 2nd.
page 27 note b The feast of St. Nicholas is likewise called a double in the Novum Registrum, p. 26. But in another place [p. 43] it is called a semi-double.
page 27 note c “Item … a cope of red velvet, with rolls and clouds, ordained for the Barn-Bishop, with this scripture, The high-way is best.” Monasticon, vi. p. 1282Google Scholar. So also at York, ibid. vi. p. 1208 (two entries).
page 28 note a “The Primes, as they are called … are the Golden Numbers from i. to xix., which shew the days of New Moon for each year of the cycle of nineteen years, after which the changes of the moon recur again in the same order.” Missale Sarum, ed. F. H. Dickinson, p. 2**. The text, now partially illegible, gives the rule to find the earliest Septuagesima (January 18th).
page 28 note b i.e. after the fourth prime counted after the “Primum Pascha ” (March 22).
page 28 note c The true earliest Pentecost is May 10th. Medieval kalendars give May 11th.
page 29 note a Elfric Puttoc, archbishop of York, died at Southwell in 1050, and was buried at Peterborough.
page 29 note b The various readings noted on this and subsequent pages arise from the fact that the Kalendar exists in duplicate. See above, p. 8.
page 30 note a This entry is in a later hand.
page 30 note b This note stands at the top of the page in vol. i.
page 31 note a This is printed “pro anima ” in the Monasticon.
page 31 note b “Resurrectio Christi ” is marked “Cap
,” in Robert of Lindsey's Psalter.
page 31 note c This line stands at the top of the page in vol. i. And so in the other months.
page 33 note a In the second volume only.
page 33 note b “In Whitsun week was Commemoratio specialium Defunctorum,” i. e. says Dr. Patrick, “in some of the Ember Days. For so I find in our Records, fol. cclxiv. ‘Statutum est in Capitulo per Dominum Robertum Abbatem communi Conventus consensu, quod quater in anno fiat commemoration omnium defunctorum, quorum debitores sumus per specialem Conventionem sive Societatem, scilicet aliqua die quae vacaverit in ebdomada quatuor temporum.’” Dugdale, Monast. (ed. 1846), i. 362.
page 34 note a Probably Aldulf or Adulf who had been abbat of Peterborough. He held the bishopric of Worcester with the archbishopric of York. Le Neve says that he was buried at St. Mary's Worcester, having died 6 May, 1002. There was an Aldulf bishop of Rochester, circa 740; of Lincoln, 750: of Lichfield, 786; of Hereford, 997.
page 35 note a Hubert Walter of Sarum and Canterbury died 29 June, and was buried 13 July, 1205. There was a Gamaliel bishop of Sodor and Man, circa 1160.
page 36 note a In the Monasticon, ii. p. 101, April is given as the month of his death.
page 36 note b Timothy and Symphorian are commemorated in the Sarum use on the 22nd; but Timothy and Apollinaris appear in the kalendar on the 23rd.
page 38 note a There is clearly some mistake in the MS. Either the Dedication day should be on the 26th of September instead of the 28th, or else the words which I have ventured to insert at Oct. 3rd and 5th are requisite.
page 38 note b The death of Robert de Ramsey (1361) is the latest which I have observed in the original hand of the kalendar.
page 38 note c “This Wynegot brought St. Oswald's arm hither from Bebeburch.” Dugdale, , Monast. i. 362Google Scholar.
page 38 note d Egelric resigned the bishopric of Durham in favour of his brother Egelwin in 1056. Both of them died in prison. The former was buried in the chapel of St. Nicholas, Westminster, Oct. 15,. 1072.
page 40 note a This is one of the quarterly “commemorationes defunctorum quorum debitores sumus per specialem … societatem,” mentioned in a note on the month of May.