The convergence and stability analysis of a simple explicit finite difference method is studied in this paper. Conditional convergence and stability theorems for this method are given. We have also proved that this scheme is stable in a much stronger sense.

An improvement is made to two results of Brown and Shepp which are useful in calculations with fractal sets.

The existence and selection of steady-state travelling planar fronts in a set of typical phase field equations for solidification are investigated by a combination of numerical and analytical methods. Such solutions are conjectured to exist only for a unique velocity of propagation and to be unique except for translation. This behaviour is in marked contrast to the situation in conventional Stefan models in which travelling fronts exist for all velocities. The value of the steady-state velocity depends upon the various material parameters which enter the phase field equations. Numerical and, in certain tractable limits, analytical results for the velocity are presented for a number of physical situations.

We study the equation

Here s is not necessarily integral; m is initially unrestricted. Material-conserving instantaneous source solutions of A are reviewed as an entrée to material-losing solutions. Simple physical arguments show that solutions for a finite slug losing material at infinity at a finite nonzero rate can exist only for the following m-ranges: 0 < s < 2, −2s−1 < m ≤ −1; s > 2, −1 < m < −2s−1. The result for s = 1 was known previously. The case s = 2, m = −1, needs further investigation. Three different similarity schemes all lead to the same ordinary differential equation. For 0 < s < 2, parameter γ (0 < γ < ∞) in that equation discriminates between the three classes of solution: class 1 gives the concentration scale decreasing as a negative power of (1 + t/T); 2 gives exponential decrease; and 3 gives decrease as a positive power of (1 − t/T), the solution vanishing at t = T < ∞. Solutions for s = 1, are presented graphically. The variation of concentration and flux profiles with increasing γ is physically explicable in terms of increasing flux at infinity. An indefinitely large number of exact solutions are found for s = 1,γ = 1. These demonstrate the systematic variation of solution properties as m decreases from −1 toward −2 at fixed γ.

A three-dimensional barotropic and baroclinic model is developed to simulate currents and temperature changes induced by tropical cyclones traversing the continental shelf and slope region of the Australian North West Shelf. The model is based on a layered, explicit, finite difference formulation using the nonlinear primitive equations with an embedded entrainment scheme; a mixed-surface-layer interface is defined, which is allowed to shift from one interface to another, depending on the strength of a storm. The model has been tested by simulating the currents and temperature changes induced by tropical cyclones Orson and Ian. The modelled currents and temperatures agreed well with the available measured records except near the seabed. It has been found that the pre-storm currents have very little influence on the peak of the storm-induced currents and the currents in the wake of a tropical cyclone. The model contained no coefficients which must be calibrated for a particular application and clearly illustrated the importance of the baroclinic effects on the storm-induced response over the North West Shelf of Australia.

In this paper, an inexact Newton's method for nonlinear systems of equations is proposed. The method applies nonmonotone techniques and Newton's as well as inexact Newton's methods can be viewed as special cases of this new method. The method converges globally and quadratically. Some numerical experiments are reported for both standard test problems and an application in the computation of Hopf bifurcation points.

The problem of scattering of surface water waves by a horizontal circular cylinder totally submerged in deep water is well studied in the literature within the framework of linearised theory with the remarkable conclusion that a normally incident wave train experiences no reflection. However, if the cross-section of the cylinder is not circular then it experiences reflection in general. The present paper studies the case when the cylinder is not quite circular and derives expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients correct to order ∈, where ∈ is a measure of small departure of the cylinder cross-section from circularity. A simplified perturbation analysis is employed to derive two independent boundary value problems (BVP) up to first order in ∈. The first BVP corresponds to the problem of water wave scattering by a submerged circular cylinder. The reflection coefficient up to first order and the first order correction to the transmission coefficient arise in the second BVP in a natural way and are obtained by a suitable use of Green' integral theorem without solving the second BVP. Assuming a Fourier expansion of the shape function, these are evaluated approximately. It is noticed that for some particular shapes of the cylinder, these vanish. Also, the numerical results for the transmission coefficients up to first order for a nearly circular cylinder for which the reflection coefficients up to first order vanish, are given in tabular form. It is observed that for many other smooth cylinders, the result for a circular cylinder that the reflection coefficient vanishes, is also approximately valid.

A class of discrepancy principles for the choice of parameters for the simplified regularization of ill-posed problems is proposed. This procedure does not require knowledge of the unknown solution, and if the smoothness of the unknown solution is known then the convergence rate obtained is optimal. The results of this paper include the Arcangeli's method considered by Groetsch and Guacaneme (1987) for which the convergence rate was not known and also of a result of Guacaneme (1988) for which there is a gap in the proof.

We are concerned with the existence of solutions of

where Δp is the p-Laplacian, p ∈ (1, ∞), and Ω is a bounded smooth domain in ℝn.

For h(x) ≡ 0 and f(x, u) satisfying proper asymptotic spectral conditions, existence of a unique positive solution is obtained by invoking the sub-supersolution technique and the spectral method. For h(x) ≢ 0, with assumptions on asymptotic behavior of f(x, u) as u → ±∞, an existence result is also proved.

The explicit inverse and determinant of a class of matrices is given. The class is the Hadamard product of two already known classes. Its elements are defined by 3n − 1 parameters, analytical expressions of which compose the Hessenberg form inverse. These expressions enable a recursive formula to be obtained, which gives the inverse in O(n2) multiplications/divisions and O(n) additions/subtractions.

We study a special type of infinite product, called an infinite product of Cardano type, and we obtain its Taylor series. We prove that Hadamard's factorization of bandlimited signals is given by an infinite product of Cardano type, and apply our results to obtain the Taylor series for bandlimited signals.

Sufficient conditions for the controllability of nonlinear neutral Volterra integrodifferential systems with implicit derivative are established. The results are a generalisation of the previous results, through the notions of condensing map and measure of noncompactness of a set.

In the paper we give sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution for a Darboux-Goursat optimization problem with a cost functional depending on the number of switchings of a control and the rapidity of its changes. An application is given to a gas absorption problem.

Professor Andrew Barbour (Institut für Angewandte Mathematik, Universität Zürich) has pointed out to us that the conditional intensity specified on Page 356 of our paper is incorrect and, consequently, so too is the bound (14) and the expression on Page 358 for the variance of the conditional intensity, given by (15). This variance should be 0 if ω = 1, where recall that ω = ω (r) is uniquely determined by rω = k, while if ω > 1, the variance is given by