Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T06:41:38.435Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Unsteady flow induced by a withdrawal point beneath a free surface

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2009

T. E. Stokes
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.
G. C. Hocking
Affiliation:
School of Engineering Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; e-mail: [email protected].
L. K. Forbes
Affiliation:
School of Mathematics and Physics, Universiy of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-37, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The unsteady axisymmetric withdrawal from a fluid with a free surface through a point sink is considered. Results both with and without surface tension are included and placed in context with previous work. The results indicate that there are two critical values of withdrawal rate at which the surface is drawn directly into the outlet, one after flow initiation and the other after the flow has been established. It is shown that the larger of these values corresponds to the point at which steady solutions no longer exist.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Australian Mathematical Society 2005

References

[1]Craya, A.. “Theoretical research on the flow of nonhomogeneous fluids”, La Houille Blanche 4 (1949) 4455.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[2]Forbes, L. K. and Hocking, G. C., “Flow caused by a point sink in a fluid having a free surface”. J. Austral. Math. Soc. Ser. B 32 (1990) 233252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[3]Forbes, L. K. and Hocking, G. C., “Flow induced by a line sink in a quiescent fluid with surface-tension effects”, J. Austral. Math. Soc. Ser. B 34 (1993) 377391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[4]Forbes, L. K. and Hocking, G. C., “The bath-plug vortex“, J. Fluid Mech. 284 (1995) 4362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[5]Forbes, L. K. and Hocking, G. C., “On the computation of steady axi-symmetric withdrawal from a two-layer fluid”, Computers and Fluids 32 (2003) 385401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6]Forbes, L. K., Hocking, G. C. and Chandler, G. A., “A note on withdrawal through a point sink in fluid of finite depth”, J. Austral. Math. Soc. Ser. B 37 (1996) 406416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[7]Gariel, P., “Experimental research on the flow of nonhomogeneous fluids”, La Houille Blanche 4 (1949) 5665.Google Scholar
[8]Gradshteyn, I. S. and Ryzhik, I. M., Tables of integrals, series and products (Academic Press, New York, 1965).Google Scholar
[9]Harleman, D. R. F. and Elder, R. E., “Withdrawal from a two-layer stratified flow”, Proc. ASCE 91 (1965) HY4.Google Scholar
[10]Hocking, G. C., “Cusp-like free-surface flows due to a submerged source or sink in the presence of a flat or sloping bottom”, J. Aust. Math. Soc. Ser. B 26 (1985) 470486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[11]Hocking, G. C., “Withdrawal from two-layer fluid through line sink”, J. Hydr Engng ASCE 117 (1991) 800805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[12]Hocking, G. C., “Supercritical withdrawal from a two-layer fluid through a line sink”, J. Fluid Mech. 297 (1995) 3747.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[13]Hocking, G. C. and Forbes, L. K., “A note on the flow induced by a line sink beneath a free surface”, J. Aust. Math. Soc. Ser. B 32 (1991) 251260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[14]Hocking, G. C. and Forbes, L. K., “Supercritical withdrawal from a two-layer fluid through a line sink if the lower layer is of finite depth”, J. Fluid Mech. 428 (2001) 333348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[15]Hocking, G. C., Vanden-Broeck, J.-M. and Forbes, L. K., “Withdrawal from a fluid of finite depth through a point sink”, ANZIAM J. 44 (2002) 181191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[16]Huber, D. G., “Irrotational motion of two fluid strata towards a line sink”, J. Engng. Mech. Div. Proc. ASCE 86 (1960) 7185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[17]Imberger, J. and Hamblin, P. F., “Dynamics of lakes, reservoirs and cooling ponds”, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 14 (1982) 153187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[18]Jirka, G. H. and Katavola, D. S., “Supercritical withdrawal from two-layered fluid systems. Part 2. Three-dimensional flow into a round intake”, J. Hyd. Res. 17 (1979) 5362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[19]Lawrence, G. A. and Imberger, J., “Selective withdrawal through a point sink in a continuously stratified fluid with a pycnocline”, Technical Report No. ED-79-002, Dept. of Civil Eng., University of Western Australia, Australia, 1979.Google Scholar
[20]Lubin, B. T. and Springer, G. S., “The formation of a dip on the surface of a liquid draining from a tank”, J. Fluid Mech. 29 (1967) 385390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[21]Miloh, T. and Tyvand, P. A., “Nonlinear transient free-surface flow and dip formation due to a point sink”, Phys. Fluids A 5 (1993) 13681375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[22]Peregrine, H.. “A line source beneath a free surface”. Technical Report No. 1248, Math. Res. Centre, University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1972.Google Scholar
[23]Prudnikov, A. P., Brychkov, Y. A. and Marichev, O. I., Integrals and series (Gordon and Breach, New York, 1986).Google Scholar
[24]Sautreaux, C., “Mouvement d'un liquide parfait soumis à lapesanteur. Détermination des lignes de courant”, J. Math. Pures Appl. 7 (1901) 125159.Google Scholar
[25]Scullen, D. and Tuck, E. O., “Non-linear free-surface flow computations for submerged cylinders”, J. Ship Res. 39 (1995) 185193.Google Scholar
[26]Stokes, T. E., Hocking, G. C. and Forbes, L. K., “Unsteady free surface flow induced by a line sink”, J. Eng. Math. 47 (2002) 137160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[27]Tuck, E. O., “Solution of nonlinear free-surface problems by boundary and desingularised integral equation techniques”, in Proc. 8th Biennial Computational Techniques and Applications Conference (ed. Noye, J. et al. ), (World Scientific, Singapore, 1997) 1126.Google Scholar
[28]Tuck, E. O. and Vanden-Broeck, J.-M., “A cusp-like free-surface flow due to a submerged source or sink”. J. Aust. Math. Soc. Ser. B 25 (1984) 443450.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[29]Tyvand, P. A., “Unsteady free-surface flow due to a line source”, Phys. Fluids A 4 (1992) 671676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[30]Vanden-Broeck, J.-M. and Keller, J. B., “Free surface flow due to a sink”, J. Fluid Mech. 175 (1987) 109117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[31]Wood, I. R. and Lai, K. K., “Selective withdrawal from a two-layered fluid”, J. Hyd. Res. 10 (1972) 475496.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[32]Xue, X. and Yue, D. K. P., “Nonlinear free-surface flow due to an impulsively started submerged point sink”, J. Fluid Mech. 364 (1998) 325347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[33]Yih, C. S., Stratified flows (Academic Press, New York, 1980).Google Scholar