Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T06:39:58.919Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Rock art and artisans in the Lemro Valley, Arakan, Myanmar

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Pamela Gutman
Affiliation:
Department of Art History and Theory, University of Sydney, Australia
Bob Hudson
Affiliation:
Archaeology Department, University of Sydney, Australia & Field School of Archaeology, Pyay, Myanmar
Kyaw Minn Htin
Affiliation:
Yangon University, Myanmar
Kyaw Tun Aung
Affiliation:
Archaeology Department, Mrauk-U, Myanmar (retired)

Extract

This is a story that will appeal to all scholars involved with the interpretation of rock art. Figures depicted on rock surfaces in jungle terrain patrolled by soldier ants were thought in the nineteenth century to record an otherwise unknown early episode of invasion and resistance – and were widely published as such. A recent survey by a Myanmar-Australian team has made more correct records of the earlier forms and now offers fresh interpretations: the carvings are due to fifteenth-nineteenth century artisans working at quarries producing objects for the town of Mrauk-U, and they evoke local creatures and architectural echoes of the town and temples on which they worked.

Type
Research
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd. 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Thaw, Aung. 1971. The ‘Neolithic’ Culture of the Padah-lin Caves. Asian Perspectives 14: 123–33.Google Scholar
Berliet, E. 2004. Géographie historique et urbanisation en Birmanie et ses pays voisins, des origines (IIè s. av. J. C.) à la fin du XIIIè siècle. Unpublished PhD thesis, Université Lumière, Lyon II.Google Scholar
Charney, M.W. 1998. Crisis and Reformation in a Maritime Kingdom of Southeast Asia: Forces of Instability and Political Disintegration in Western Burma (Arakan), 1603-1701. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 41 (2): 185219.Google Scholar
Di Crocco, V. 2004. Footprints of the Buddhas of this era in Thailand. Bangkok: The SiamSociety.Google Scholar
Forchhammer, E. 1892. Report on the antiquities of Arakan. Burma: The Archaeology Department.Google Scholar
Green, A. 2002. Narrative modes in late seventeenthto early nineteenth-century Burmese wall paintings, in Green, A. & Blurton, T. R. (ed.) Burma: Art and Archaeology: 6776. London: British Museum Press.Google Scholar
Gutman, P. 1976. Ancient Arakan, with special reference to its cultural history between the 5th and 11th centuries (PhD thesis). Canberra: Australian National University, http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20050901.112732/index.html.Google Scholar
Gutman, P. 1998. A series of Buddhist reliefs from Selagiri. Etudes birmanes: 103–11. EFEO.Google Scholar
Gutman, P. 2001. Burma's Lost Kingdoms: Splendours of Arakan. Hong Kong: Orchid Press.Google Scholar
Harvey, G. E. 1925. History of Burma. London: Frank Cass & Co.Google Scholar
Hudson, B. 2005. Ancient geography and recent archaeology: Dhanyawadi, Vesali and Mrauk-u (The Forgotten History of Arakan conference). Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University.Google Scholar
Johnston, E. H. 1944. Some Sanskrit inscriptions of Arakan. BSOAS 21: 357–85.Google Scholar
Leider, J. 2002. On Arakanese Territorial Expansion: Origins, Context, Means and Practice, in Gommans, J. & Leider, J. (ed.) The Maritime Frontiers of Burma: 127–49. Amsterdam: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen & Leiden: KITLV Press.Google Scholar
Leider, J. 2005. Lord Buddha comes to Arakan: Relics, Statues and Predictions (Unpublished Manuscript).Google Scholar
Zan, Min Thein. 1997. The History of the Padaw Pagoda (in Burmese). PEAL: Publisher of Eminent Arakanese Literature.Google Scholar
Aung, Myint. 1979. Rock-cut story of an ancient resistance. The Working Peoples' Daily 13 April.Google Scholar
Aung, Myint. 1981. Determining the age of the Pataw engravings. The Working Peoples' Daily 22 May: 5.Google Scholar
Shin, Ni Min. 2001. The Rakhine Historical Episode as revealed by the Padaw Stone Pictures (in Burmese). Kassapa Magazine.Google Scholar
Han, Nyunt. 1984. The Study of Ancient City Vesali (Departmental Report, in Burmese). Yangon: Department of Archaeology.Google Scholar
Oldham, T. 1883. Catalogue of Indian earthquakes. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India 19: 163215.Google Scholar
Zan, Shwe. 1995. The Golden Mrauk-U, an ancient capital of Rakhine. Yangon: U Shwe Zan.Google Scholar
Smart, R. B. 1917. Burma Gazetteer, Akyab District, Volume A. Rangoon: Superintendent, Government Printing and Stationery, Union of Burma.Google Scholar
Srisuchat, A. 1990. Rock Art at Khao Plara, Uthai Thani. Thailand: Fine Arts Department.Google Scholar
Taçon, P. S. C., Aung, D.Y.Y. & Thorne, A.. 2004. Myanmar prehistory: rare rock-markings revealed. Archaeology in Oceania 39: 138–39.Google Scholar
Tun, Than. 1999. From Mrauk-U to Sittwe, the Development of Trade Cities in Western Myanmar (in Burmese). Myanma Dana 107: 62-72 & 108: 6674.Google Scholar
Thin Kyi, D. 1970. Arakanese capitals: a preliminary survey of their geographical siting. Journal of the Burma Research Society 53 (2): 113.Google Scholar
Chain, Tun Aung. 2004. Broken Glass: Pieces of Myanmar History. Yangon: SEAMEO Regional Centre for History and Tradition.Google Scholar
Khine, Tun Shwe. 1994. A guide to Mahamuni: the highly venerated golden image of Buddha with authentic long history. Rakhine Book Series.Google Scholar
van Galen, S. 2002. Arakan at the turn of the first Millennium of the Arakanese era, in Gommans, J. & Leider, J. (ed.) The Maritime Frontiers of Burma: 151–62. Amsterdan: Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen & Leiden: KITLV Press.Google Scholar