Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T20:31:24.085Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Experimental stone-cutting with the Mycenaean pendulum saw

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 February 2018

Nicholas G. Blackwell*
Affiliation:
Department of Classical Studies, Indiana University, Ballantine 547, 1020 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405-7103, USA (Email: [email protected])

Abstract

The development of an advanced stone-working technology in the Aegean Bronze Age is suggested by the putative Mycenaean pendulum saw. This device seems to have been used to cut through hard sedimentary rock at a number of sites on the Greek mainland and, according to some scholars, also in central Anatolia. As no pendulum saws are preserved in the archaeological record, understanding the machine relies on preserved tool marks and experimental research. This paper presents the results of stone-cutting experiments conducted with a modern reconstruction of a pendulum saw. The research investigates blade shape, size, design and the mechanics of the device, while questioning the accuracy of earlier reconstructions.

Type
Method
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd, 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Blackwell, N.G. 2011. Middle and Late Bronze Age metal tools from the Aegean, Eastern Mediterranean, and Anatolia: implications for cultural/regional interaction and craftsmanship. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Bryn Mawr College.Google Scholar
Blackwell, N.G. 2014. Making the Lion Gate relief at Mycenae: tool marks and foreign influence. American Journal of Archaeology 118: 451–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brysbaert, A. 2015. Set in stone? Technical, socio-economic and symbolic considerations in the construction of the Cyclopean-style walls of the Late Bronze Age citadel at Tiryns, Greece, in C. Bakels & H. Kamermans (ed.) Excerpta Archaeologica Leidensia, Analecta Praehistorica Leidensia 45: 6990.Google Scholar
Catling, H.W. 2009. Sparta: Menelaion I. The Bronze Age. London: British School at Athens.Google Scholar
Dörpfeld, W. 1885. Building material and construction—the parastades (pilasters), in Schliemann, H. (ed.) Tiryns: the prehistoric palace of the kings of Tiryns. The results of the latest excavations: 263–69. New York: C. Scribner's Sons.Google Scholar
French, E. 2002. Mycenae, Agamemnon's capital: the site in its setting. Stroud: Tempus.Google Scholar
Hitchcock, L.A., Chapin, A.P., Banou, E. & Reynolds, J.H.. 2016. The conglomerate quarry at the Mycenaean site of Vapheio-Palaiopyrgi in Laconia. Hesperia 85: 6590. https://doi.org/10.2972/hesperia.85.1.0065 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iakovidis, S. 2001. Gla and the Kopais in the 13th century B.C. Athens: Archaeological Society at Athens.Google Scholar
Küpper, M. 1996. Mykenische Architektur: material, Bearbeitungstechnik, Konstruktion und Erscheinungsbild. Espelkamp: Marie Leidorf.Google Scholar
Maragoudaki, E. & Kavvouras, P.. 2012. Mycenaean shipwright tool kit: its reconstruction and evaluation. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 4: 199208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-012-0091-6 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maran, J. 2006. Mycenaean citadels as performative space, in Maran, J., Juwig, C., Schwengel, H. & Thaler, U. (ed.) Constructing power: architecture, ideology, and social practice: 7591. Hamburg: LIT.Google Scholar
Müller, K. 1930. Die Architektur der Burg und des Palastes. Tiryns 3. Augsburg: B. Filser.Google Scholar
Müller-Karpe, A. 2006. Untersuchungen in Kayalıpınar 2005. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft zu Berlin 138: 211–47.Google Scholar
Neve, P. 2002. The Great Temple in Boğazköy-Hattusha, in Hopkins, D.C. (ed.) Across the Anatolian Plateau: readings in the archaeology of ancient Turkey: 7797. Boston (MA): American Schools of Oriental Research.Google Scholar
Palaima, T. 2015. The Mycenaean mobilization of labor in agriculture and building projects: institutions, individuals, compensation, and status in the Linear B tablets, in Steinkeller, P. & Hudson, M. (ed.) Labor in the ancient world: a colloquium held at Hirschbach (Saxony), April 2005: 617–48. Dresden: ISLET.Google Scholar
Schwandner, E.L. 1991. Der Schnitt im Stein: Beobachtungen zum Gebrauch der Steinsäge in der Antike, in Hoffmann, A., Schwandner, E., Hoepfner, W. & Brandes, G. (ed.) Bautechnik der Antike: Internationales Kolloquium in Berlin vom 15–17. Februar 1990: 215–23. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.Google Scholar
Seeher, J. 2007. Sägen wie die Hethiter: Rekonstruktion einer Steinschneidetechnik im Bronzezeitlichen Bauhandwerk. IstMitt 57: 2743.Google Scholar
Seeher, J. 2008. Innovation im Bauwesen als Indikator für Kulturkontakt—Hethiter und Mykener als Fallbeispiel, in Pirson, F. & Wulf-Rheidt, U. (ed.) Austausch und Inspiration: Kulturkontakt als Impuls architektonischer Innovation; Kolloquium vom 28.–30.4.2006 in Berlin anlässlich des 65. Geburtstages von Adolf Hoffmann, veranstaltet vom Architektur-Referat und der Abteilung Istanbul des DAI: 115. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern.Google Scholar
Shaw, J.W. 2009. Minoan architecture: materials and techniques. Padua: Bottega d'Erasmo.Google Scholar
Stocks, D.A. 2003. Experiments in Egyptian archaeology: stoneworking technology in ancient Egypt. London & New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203430231 Google Scholar
Thaler, U. 2007. Ahhiyawa and Hatti: palatial perspectives, in Antoniadou, S. & Pace, A. (ed.) Mediterranean crossroads: 291323. Oxford: Oxbow.Google Scholar
Wright, J.C. 1987. Death and power at Mycenae: changing symbols in mortuary practice, in Laffineur, R. (ed.) Thanatos: les coutumes funeraires en egee a l'age du bronze: Actes du Colloque de Liège (21–23 avril 1986). Aegaeum 1: 171–84. Liège: Université de l'Etat à Liège.Google Scholar
Wright, J.C. 1999. Review: Mykenische Architektur: material, Bearbeitungstechnik, Konstruktion und Erscheinungsbild by Michael Küpper. American Journal of Archaeology 103: 360–61. https://doi.org/10.2307/506759 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, J.C. 2006a. The formation of the Mycenaean palace, in Deger-Jalkotzy, S. & Lemos, I.S. (ed.) Ancient Greece: from the Mycenaean palaces to the age of Homer: 752. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, J.C. 2006b. The social production of space and the architectural reproduction of society in the Bronze Age Aegean during the 2nd millennium B.C.E, in Maran, J., Juwig, C., Schwengel, H. & Thaler, U. (ed.) Constructing power: architecture, ideology and social practice/Konstruction der Macht: Architektur, Ideologie und soziales Handeln: 4969. Hamburg: LIT.Google Scholar
Wright, J.C. 2013. Review of H.W. Catling, 2009, Sparta: Menelaion I. The Bronze Age (2 volumes). Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2013.11.40. Available at: http://bmcr.brynmawr.edu/2013/2013-11-40.html (accessed 24 October 2017).Google Scholar
File 51 MB
File 47.1 MB
File 32.5 MB
File 47 MB

Blackwell supplementary material

Blackwell supplementary material 1

Download Blackwell supplementary material(Video)
Video 18.8 MB

Blackwell supplementary material

Blackwell supplementary material 2

Download Blackwell supplementary material(Video)
Video 15.9 MB

Blackwell supplementary material

Blackwell supplementary material 3

Download Blackwell supplementary material(Video)
Video 11.9 MB

Blackwell supplementary material

Blackwell supplementary material 4

Download Blackwell supplementary material(Video)
Video 16.8 MB