Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T22:28:38.222Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The date and context of a stone row: Cut Hill, Dartmoor, south-west England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Ralph M. Fyfe
Affiliation:
1School of Geography, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK (Email: [email protected])
Tom Greeves
Affiliation:
239 Bannawell Street, Tavistock, Devon, PL19 0DN, UK

Abstract

The beginning of monolithic monumentality in Europe is of outstanding significance and its accurate dating a consummation devoutly to be wished. In this case study from England, the researchers had the good fortune to find monoliths stratified above and below by peat and so were able to give them a bracketed radiocarbon date and an environmental context. The results show that the stones, belonging to a linear alignment of eight others, were erected in a clearing of heathland in the fourth millennium BC. The date raises the possibility of a Neolithic appearance for this type of stone row in south-west Britain and Britanny.

Type
Research
Copyright
Copyright © Antiquity Publications Ltd 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barclay, A. & Harding, J.. 1999. Pathways and ceremonies. The cursus monuments of Britain and Ireland. Oxford: Oxbow.Google Scholar
Barnatt, J. 1982. Prehistoric Cornwall: the ceremonial monuments. Wellinborough: Turnstone Press.Google Scholar
Bell, M. 2007. Prehistoric coastal communities: the Mesolithic in western Britain (Council for British Archaeology Research Report 149). York: Council for British Archaeology.Google Scholar
Bender, B., Hamilton, S. & Tilley, C.. 1997. Leskernick: stone worlds; alternative narratives; nested landscapes. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 63: 147178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, R. 1998. An archaeology of natural places. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Bradley, R. 2002. The past in prehistoric societies. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Broström, A., Nielsen, A.B., Gaillard, M.-J., Hjelle, K., Mazier, F., Binney, H., Bunting, M.-J., Fyfe, R.M., Meltsov, V., Poska, A., RäSänen, S., Soepboer, W., Stedingk, H., Suutari, H. & Sugita, S.. 2008. Pollen productivity estimates – the key to landscape reconstructions. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 17: 461478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burl, A. 1993. From Carnac to Callanish: the prehistoric stone rows and avenues of Britain, Ireland and Brittany. New Haven (CT): Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Butler, J. 1997. Dartmoor atlas of antiquities. Volume 5, the second millennium BC. Tiverton: Devon Books.Google Scholar
Caseldine, C.J. & Hatton, J.. 1993. The development of high moorland on Dartmoor: fire and the influence of Mesolithic activity on vegetation change, in Chamber, F.M. (ed.) Climate change and human impact on the landscape: 119131. London: Chapman & Hall.Google Scholar
Cummings, V. 2008. The architecture of monuments, in Pollard, J. (ed.) Prehistoric Britain: 135159. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Davies, P., Robb, J.G. & Ladbrook, D.. 2005. Woodland clearance in the Mesolithic: the social aspects. Antiquity 79: 280288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emmett, D.D. 1979. Stone rows: the traditional view reconsidered. Proceedings of the Devon Archaeological Society 37: 94114.Google Scholar
Fleming, A. 2008. The Dartmoor Reaves: investigating prehistoric land division. Oxford: Windgather.Google Scholar
Fox, H.S.A. 1994. Medieval Dartmoor as seen through its account rolls. Proceedings of the Devon Archaeological Society 52: 149171.Google Scholar
Fyfe, R.M. 2006. GIS and the application of a model of pollen deposition and dispersal: a new approach to testing landscape hypotheses using the POLLANDCAL models. Journal of Archaeological Science 33: 483493.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fyfe, R.M. 2007. The importance of local-scale openness within regions dominated by closed woodland. Journal of Quaternary Science 22: 571578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fyfe, R.M., Brown, A.G. & Coles, B.J.. 2003. Mesolithic to Bronze Age vegetation change and human activity in the Exe Valley, Devon, UK. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 69: 161181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fyfe, R.M., Brück, J., Johnston, R., Lewis, H., Roland, T. & Wickstead, H.. 2008. Historical context and chronology of Bronze Age enclosure on Dartmoor, UK. Journal of Archaeological Science 35: 22502261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gillings, M., Pollard, J., Wheatley, D. & Peterson, R.. 2008. Landscape of the Megaliths: excavation and fieldwork on the Avebury monuments, 1997-2003. Oxford: Oxbow.Google Scholar
Greeves, T. 2004a. Major prehistoric find on Cut Hill. Dartmoor Magazine 75: 4.Google Scholar
Greeves, T. 2004b. Megalithic stone row discovered on Dartmoor's remotest hill. PAST 47: 1012.Google Scholar
Griffith, F.M. 1984. Archaeological investigations at Colliford Reservoir, Bodmin Moor, 1977-1978. Cornish Archaeology 23: 49140.Google Scholar
Harding, J. & Healy, F.. 2008. The Raunds Area Project: a Neolithic and Bronze Age landscape in Northamptonshire. Swindon: English Heritage.Google Scholar
Herring, P. 2008. Stepping onto the commons: south-western stone rows, in Rainbird, P. (ed.) Monuments in the landscape: 7988. Stroud: Tempus.Google Scholar
Johnson, N. & Rose, P.. 1994. Bodmin Moor, an archaeological survey. Volume 1, the human landscape to c. 1800. London: RCHME.Google Scholar
Johnston, R. 2005. Pattern without a plan: rethinking the Bronze Age coaxial field systems on Dartmoor, south-west England. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 24: 121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, A.M. 2005. Cornish Bronze Age ceremonial landscapes c. 2500-1500 BC (British Archaeological Reports British Series 394). Oxford: Archaeopress.Google Scholar
Kinnes, I. 1999. Longtemps ignores: Passy-Rots, linear monuments in northern France, in Barclay, A. & Harding, J. (ed.) Pathways and ceremonies. The cursus monuments of Britain and Ireland: 148154. Oxford: Oxbow.Google Scholar
L'helgouach, J. 1983. Les Idoles qu'on abat. Bulletin de la Société Polymathique du Morbihan 1983: 5768.Google Scholar
Lockyer, N. 1906. Stonehenge and other British stone monuments astronomically considered. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Mercer, R. 1981. Excavations at Carn Brea, Illogan, Cornwall, 1970-1973; a Neolithic fortified complex of the third millennium BC. Cornish Archaeology 20: 1204.Google Scholar
Mercer, R. 1997. The excavation of a Neolithic enclosure complex at Helman Tor, Lostwithiel, Cornwall. Cornish Archaeology 36: 561.Google Scholar
Moore, P.D., Webb, J.A. & Collinson, M.E.. 1991. Pollen analysis. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Noble, G. 2006. Neolithic Scotland: timber, stone, earth and fire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Oswald, A., Dyer, C. & Barber, M.. 2001. The creation of monuments. Neolithic causewayed enclosures in the British Isles. Swindon: English Heritage.Google Scholar
Patton, M. 1993. Statements in stone: monuments and society in Neolithic Brittany. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Riley, H. & Wilson-North, R.. 2001. The field archaeology of Exmoor. Swindon: English Heritage.Google Scholar
Ruggles, C.L.N. 1985. The linear settings of Argyll and Mull. Archaeoastronomy 9: 105132.Google Scholar
Shore, J.D., Bartley, D.D. & Harkness, D.D.. 1995. Problems encountered with the 14C dating of peat. Quaternary Science Reviews 14: 373383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stuiver, M. & Reimer, P.J.. 1993. Extended 14C database and revised CALIB radiocarbon calibration program. Radiocarbon 35: 215230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, J. 1999. Understanding the Neolithic. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Tilley, C. 1995. Rocks as resources: landscapes and power. Cornish Archaeology 34: 557.Google Scholar
Tilley, C. 2004. The materiality of stone: explorations in landscape phenomenology. Oxford: Berg.Google Scholar
Whittle, A., Bayliss, A. & Healy, F.. 2008. The timing and tempo of change: examples from the fourth millennium cal BC in southern England. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 18: 6570.CrossRefGoogle Scholar