As the periods during which excavations at Stonehenge were continued in the seasons of 1925 and 1926 were short, it has been considered better to give the results of the two years' work in one Report.

Work began on 1st May 1925, and was continued until 8th September following. The portion of the ditch opened was that remaining between two other excavations in the ditch previously examined and reported upon. It formed part of the general excavation of the eastern segment, but as it was essential to complete the exploration of the interior between the rampart and stone circles separately, the ditch in that quarter was left for later investigation

It is well known that Luton in Bedfordshire is a mine of prehistoric and historic remains. Our late Fellows Major Cooper-Cooper, of Toddington Manor, and Sir John Evans recorded finds of prehistoric graves, pottery, palaeolithic and neolithic flint implements in Luton and the surrounding hamlets of Leagrave, Biscot, and Stopsley. The late Mr. Worthington G. Smith discovered at Round Green in Luton a palaeolithic workshop similar to the one he found at Caddington, and his account of the latter will be found in Man the Primeval Savage, that of Round Green in Archaeologia lxvii. Sir John Evans found in and around Luton many British and Roman coins, also specimens of Roman pottery. Mr. Worthington Smith found both British and Roman coins in considerable numbers at Limbury. Specimens of Roman and Roman British pottery have been found in all parts of Luton. I dug up a large Roman pot at Turner's Knoll, Luton, which Mr. Reginald Smith thinks was used for storing grain. It has been restored by Mr. Axtell, and measures 16 in. in height and 15 in. in diameter. I found many Roman tiles in a field at Luton called ‘Lower Thirty Acres’, and other Roman remains have been found in Waller Street and in various parts of the town.

In the winter of 1926–7 the owner of Wookey Hole, Capt. G. W. Hodgkinson, undertook the cleansing and opening up of this great cave, and its illumination by electricity. He gave me control of the work, which has been carried out with scrupulous care to ensure that nothing undesirable should be done.

Incidentally, the considerable exploration which it was my privilege to carry out some years ago provided a useful startingpoint for the further development of the entrance gallery (the old cave-dwelling), and that portion still remains in the condition in which we then left it, apart from the erection of a rude supporting pillar of conglomerate, where a great hanging rock near the entrance threatened danger to visitors.

The little church of Berrow, which lies behind the sandhills on the Somerset coast of the Bristol Channel a few miles north of Burnham, has a nave, chancel, and south aisle only. Its walls were besmeared with a thick coat of modern plaster, on the removal of which a niche of considerable dimensions was found in the centre of the north wall (fig. 1). Its projecting ornaments had been stripped off and its cavity built up flush with the general wall line with brickwork on edge that could not have been much later than the Commonwealth. On the removal of these bricks a tabernacle cross-head was found behind them. It was in eleven fragments; one large main piece comprising all the figures, seven small ones, whose fractures fitted on exactly, and which I have put back into their proper positions, and three others belonging to the lost upper part, which cannot be replaced. All are in Ham Hill stone. In addition to these there were inserted in the niche many fragments of carved work in a different stone, some of which may have been parts of the niche itself or, more possibly, of a reredos, but there is no certainty. On visiting the church to examine and report on these fragments I naturally set on foot a search for the cross-base, and was soon rewarded. Some 30 ft. south of the porch was a fragment of an octagonal shaft, II in. in diameter, and projecting some 9 in. above the ground, which rises sharply at this point from the level of the porch entrance.

M. de Morgan's remarkable discovery of early civilizations in the possession of painted pottery and copper at Susa in 1897 has remained for about twenty years an isolated addition to our knowledge. But the explorations of the last years have suddenly revealed its real import. In the two civilizations which he found succeeding each other at Susa there seem to be represented large cultural provinces. Their ultimate importance lies furthermore in the fact that they have both contributed elements towards the great culture of the Plain of the Two Rivers, and it seems at present possible, without allowing hypotheses to play an illegitimate part in the argument, to define with some precision the respective elements and their relation to the three great historical problems for which the title of this paper stands.