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The Source of the Stones of Stonehenge

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2012

Herbert H. Thomas
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Extract

About three years ago it was suggested to me by Dr. Tapp that I should investigate further the stones of Stonehenge in the hope that additional light might be shed on the vexed question of their origin.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 3 , Issue 3 , July 1923 , pp. 239 - 260
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1923

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References

page 239 note 1 Thomas, H. H. in The Antiquaries Journal, vol. i, pp. 39, 40Google Scholar.

page 240 note 1 The plan is based on that of Gowland, William, ‘Recent Excavations at Stonehenge’, Archaeologia, vol. lviiiGoogle Scholar.

page 241 note 1 References to literature not given in full will be found in Harrison's, W. JeromeBibliography of Stonehenge and Avebury (Wilts. Arch, and Nat. Hist. Mag., vol. xxxii, p. 1)Google Scholar.

page 241 note 2 Fund for securing the Preservation of the Sarsen Stones on Marlborough Downs, known as ‘The Grey Wethers’.

page 242 note 1 Stonehenge, , ‘The Petrology of the Stones’, Wilts. Arch, and Nat. Hist. Mag., vol. xvii. p. 147Google Scholar; Cunnington, W., Stonehenge Notes: ‘The Fragments’, Wilts. Arch, and Nat. Hist. Mag., vol. xxi, p. 141Google Scholar; ‘Notes on sections of Stonehenge Rocks belonging to Mr. W. Cunnington’, Wilts. Arch, and Nat. Hist. Mag., vol. xxvii, p. 66Google Scholar.

page 242 note 2 Judd, J. W., ‘Note on the Nature and Origin of the Rock-fragments found in the excavations made at Stonehenge by Mr. Gowland in 1901,’ Archaeologia, vol. lviii, p. 70Google Scholar.

page 243 note 1 ‘Note on the Nature and Origin of the Rock Fragments found in the excavations made at Stonehenge by Mr. Gowland in 1901,’ Wilts. Arch. and Nat. Hist. Mag., vol. xxxiii, p. 47Google Scholar.

page 244 note 1 ‘Geology of Merthyr Tydfil’ (Mem Geol. Surv.), 1904, pp. 8, 9; alsoGoogle Scholar‘Geology of Ammanford’ (Mem. Geol. Surv.), 1907, pp. 58, 59Google Scholar.

page 244 note 2 ‘Geology of Haverfordwest’ (Mem. Geol. Surv.), 1914, p. 122Google Scholar.

page 245 note 1 Rev. Conybeare, W. D., ‘Stonehenge Illustrated by Geology’, Gentleman's Magazine, vol. ciii, pt. 2, 1833, p. 452Google Scholar.

page 245 note 2 Ramsey, Andrew, ‘Geology of Parts of Wiltshire and Gloucestershire’, (Sheet 34) Mem. Geol. Surv. (1858), pp. 41–44Google Scholar.

page 246 note 1 See Harker, A., Presidential Address to the Geological Society on ‘Some Aspects of Igneous Action in Britain’, Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., vol. lxxiii (1917) p. lxviiGoogle Scholar.

page 246 note 2 Edgar Barclay, Stonehenge, 8vo. (undated), published by the St. Catherine Press, London (circ. 1908).

page 248 note 1 Parkinson, J., ‘Some Igneous Rocks in North Pembrokeshire’, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. liii (1897), p. 465CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

page 249 note 1 For the distribution of these boulders see ‘The Country around Haverford west’, Mem. Geol. Surv. (1914), pp. 216–218 and Fig. 20Google Scholar.

page 250 note 1 On the authority of Professor A. H. Cox, of the University of Wales, Cardiff, an insignificant outcrop of a similar rock occurs in the Cader Idris district, but this locality may be disregarded as a possible source.

page 251 note 1 Registered specimen in the Geological Survey Collection of sliced rocks.

page 252 note 1 A few fragments of similar rocks were found in the Round Barrows of Stonehenge; and a small fragment of ‘spotted’ diabase worked into a celt-like implement was lately sent me by Mr. Cunnington, of Devizes, from Beckhampton, not far from West Kennet Long-barrow. These are probably chips from the actual Stonehenge stones.

page 252 note 2 Stevens, F., Stonehenge, To-day and Yesterday, 8vo, 1919, LondonGoogle Scholar.

page 253 note 1 The rocks of the Western Isles, Ailsa Craig, and Galloway are fairly common as erratics. They occur on the Cardigan coast, on the plateau-region of Pembroke shire and its outlying islands (Skomer, Skokholm, etc.), and on the Glamorganshire coastal regions of the Bristol Channel.

page 253 note 2 Hughes, T. McK., ‘The Ancient Beach and Boulders near Braunton and Croyde in N. Devon’, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xliii (1887), p. 687Google Scholar.

page 254 note 1 H.H. Thomas, in ‘Summary of Progress for 1921’, Mem. Geol. Surv. 1922, pp. 56, 57Google Scholar.

page 254 note 2 Stonehenge, , op. supra cit., p. 11Google Scholar.

page 255 note 1 The Severn is assumed to have been fordable between Gloucester and Worcester.

page 255 note 2 ‘Recent Excavations at Stonehenge’, Archaeologia, vol. lviii, pp. 37–39Google Scholar.

page 256 note 1 Locmariaquer, Table des Marchands, par Z. Ie Rouzic et Nancy, Charles Keller., 1910Google Scholar.

page 256 note 2 Many igneous boulders, quite unlike the Stonehenge types, but equally suitable, occur stranded on the Hampshire fiats between Selsey and Bournemouth. Igneous rocks occur in the Mendips, while durable and ornamental rocks belonging to the Old Red Sandstone, Carboniferous and later systems occur all through South Wales. Somerset, and Gloucestershire.

page 256 note 3 Long, William, ‘Stonehenge and its Barrows’, Wilts. Arch, and Nat. Hist. Mag., xvi, Addenda and Notes, p. 223Google Scholar.

page 257 note 1 Dawkins, Boyd, Early Man in Britain, 1880Google Scholar.

page 257 note 2 Bushell, Done, ‘Amongst the Prescelly Circles’, Arch. Camb., ser. vi, vol. xi, p. 287Google Scholar.

page 257 note 3 Tour through the whole Island of Great Britain, 1738, p. 285Google Scholar.