Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T20:37:51.349Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Excavations in York, 1972–1973: First Interim Report

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2011

P. V. Addyman ,
P. C. Buckland ,
E. King ,
S. Coll ,
C. Heighway ,
M. Foster ,
J. B. Whitwell ,
A. MacGregor  and
D.M. Palliser
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The first year's campaign of rescue excavations by York Archaeological Trust is described. A sewer and part of a substantial building, perhaps the baths, were located within the Roman legionary fortress, and the sequence of defensive ditches on the south-west front was examined. Extra-mural settlement near the fortress was also examined in two places. Four small trenches in the heart of Anglo-Scandinavian York revealed 10 m of deposits including a post-Roman sequence giving a stratified series of timber buildings with C14 dates, ceramics, and artefacts. Well-preserved biological materials revealed in detail the palaeoecology of the buildings and immediate area. The development of riverside properties in Skeldergate was investigated: the land between Skeldergate and the Ouse proved to have been a late medieval reclamation. Part of the medieval suburb of Newbiggin was examined outside Monk Bar. The Hospital of St. Mary in the Horsefair was found at Union Terrace, where a twelfth- or early thirteenth-century building was traced through various phases of alteration and addition for use as a Carmelite church, as a hospital, and finally as a school which survived until the seventeenth century.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 54 , Issue 2 , September 1974 , pp. 200 - 231
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1974

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

page 200 note 1 Addyman, P. V. and Rumsby, J. H., The Archaeological Implications of Proposed Development in York (C.B.A., 1971).Google Scholar

page 203 note 1 An interim assessment will be presented in the York fascicule of the Atlas of Historic Towns (ed. Mrs. M. D. Lobel, forthcoming).

page 203 note 2 Journal of Archaeological Science, i (1974), 303–13.Google Scholar

page 204 note 1 Serial numbers for roads and towers refer to R.C.H.M., The City of York, Vol. I: Eburacum (H.M.S.O., 1962)Google Scholar, cited subsequently as Eburacum.

page 206 note 1 Eburacum, p. 19.

page 208 note 1 Eburacum, pp. 42–3 and pl. 18.

page 210 note 1 Full details of the environmental evidence from the Church Street sewer are given elsewhere (op. cit., p. 203, n. 2). This report includes observations by Messrs. Greenfield, O'Toole, and Sims.

page 210 note 2 Excavated by the York Minster Excavation Group directed by Mr. D. Phillips.

page 211 note 1 Eburacum, p. 37; personal communication from D. Phillips.

page 211 note 2 Boon, G. C., Isca (Nat. Mus. Wales, 1972), p. 25 and fig. 10.Google Scholar

page 211 note 3 Hull, M. R., Roman Colchester (S.A. Res. Rep. xx, 1958), pp. 87–90Google Scholar and fig. 37.

page 211 note 4 Antiq. Journ. xxxvii (1957), 8–9Google Scholar, pls. 1b and VII.

page 211 note 5 Arch. Journ. ciii (1946), 36Google Scholar; Gents. Mag. N.S. xxxviii (1852), 236Google Scholar, for original illustration of Bailgate sewer, reproduced in Whitwell, J. B., Roman Lincolnshire (1970), fig. 2 on p. 31Google Scholar.

page 213 note 1 Eburacum, p. 1 and map at back.

page 213 note 2 Hargrove, W., The History of York, ii (York, 1818), pp. 346–7.Google Scholar

page 213 note 3 Hargrove, W., The New Guide for Strangers and Residents in the City of York (York, 1838), p. 60.Google Scholar

page 214 note 1 Grimes, W. F., ‘Holt, Denbighshire’, Y Cymmrodor, xli (1930), 168 and fig. 73, 212.Google Scholar

page 214 note 2 Greene, Kevin, ‘The Pottery from Usk’, Current Research in Romano-British Coarse Pottery, Council for British Archaeology Res. Rep. 10 (1973), p. 34, fig. 1, 11.Google Scholar

page 217 note 1 Mr. P. C. Buckland observes that two small fragments of black-burnished ware were found with the wares.

page 217 note 2 Op. cit. on p. 214, n. 2.

page 217 note 3 Waterman, D. M., ‘Late Saxon, Viking and Early Medieval Finds from York’, Archaeologla, xcvii (1959), 59–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 218 note 1 Radley, J., ‘Economic Aspects of Anglo-Danish York’, Med. Arch. xv (1971), 39–45.Google Scholar

page 218 note 2 Farrer, W., Early Yorkshire Charters, i (1914), p. 186.Google Scholar

page 221 note 1 Wood identifications by Miss Ruth Jones, who is engaged on dendrochronological study of the larger timbers.

page 223 note 1 A fuller interim report on this evidence is given in J. Archaeol. Sci. i (1974), 309Google Scholar, and in Antiquity, xlviii (1974), 25–33Google Scholar. This report includes observations by H. Kenward and J. Greig.

page 223 note 2 Raine, J., Handbook to the Antiquities … of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society, 8th ed. (York, 1891), pp. 216 ff.Google Scholar

page 223 note 3 Ramm, H. G., ‘The End of Roman York’ in (ed.) Butler, R. M., Soldier and Civilian in Roman Yorkshire (Leicester, 1971), p. 183.Google Scholar

page 224 note 1 These terms follow the practice of nomenclature suggested by Hurst, J. G. in Med. Arch. xiii (1969), 59–60Google Scholar.

page 225 note 1 Yorkshire Inquisitions, ii, ed. Brown, W.Google Scholar (Yorks. Arch. Soc. Record Series, xxiii, 1898 for 1897), 56.

page 225 note 2 Calendar of Patent Rolls 1301–1307, p. 387.

page 226 note 1 Drake, F., Eboracum: or the History and Antiquities of the City of York (London, 1736), p. 266.Google Scholar

page 226 note 2 R.C.H.M., The City of York: Vol. IIIGoogle Scholar: South West of the Ouse (H.M.S.O., 1972), p. 57Google Scholar.

page 227 note 1 Tillott, P. M. (ed.), The Victoria County History of Yorkshire: City of York (London, 1961), p. 395.Google Scholar

page 227 note 2 Ramm, H. G., ‘A Case of Twelfth-Century Town Planning in York?’ Yorks. Arch. J. xlii (1967-1970), 132–5.Google Scholar

page 227 note 3 Calendar of Close Rolls 1251–1253, p. 377. This does not name the site of the friary, but the 1314 reference (n. 4 below) identifies it.

page 227 note 4 Calendar of Patent Rolls 1313–1317, p. 177.

page 228 note 1 Calendar of Patent Rolls 1317–1321, pp. 22, 250–60.

page 228 note 2 Early Yorkshire Schools, ed. Leach, A. F., iGoogle Scholar (Yorks. Arch. Soc. Record Series, xxvii, 1899 for 1898), 42–62.

page 228 note 3 Raine, A., History of St. Peter's School: York (London, 1926), pp. 96–8.Google Scholar

page 228 note 4 Early Yorkshire Charters, i, ed. Farrer, W. (Edinburgh, 1914), pp. 215–16Google Scholar. No certain history is known of the site before 1253, but twelfth-century deeds suggest that a building for the poor folks of St. Peter's (later St. Leonard's) Hospital originally stood without the walls in this area. Further research may be able to establish a succession of ecclesiastical uses from the twelfth century onwards. D.M.P.

page 231 note 1 Raine, , Hist. of St. Peter's School, p. 98.Google Scholar