Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-01T02:48:13.841Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Excavations at Mucking, Essex: A Second Interim Report

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2011

M. U. Jones
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

This second interim report on a multi-period settlement palimpsest being rescued from annihilation by quarrying for gravel demonstrates that crop-marks are site indicators, not site plans. A sample area even as large as 650 × 500 feet square, containing Belgic, Romano-British, and early Saxon settlement features and parts of two cemeteries cannot be understood out of context. Extensive plans emphasize that successive landscapes share a preference for strategic siting on this gravel terrace at the head of the Thames estuary. The validity of presupposing a wholesale transfer of continental settlement types from the known ‘invasion’ of the Migration period is questioned. The archaeological evidence for the two main house types at Mucking—round and sunken—is described.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 54 , Issue 2 , September 1974 , pp. 183 - 199
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1974

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

page 183 note 1 Antiq. Journ. xlviii (1968), 210–30Google Scholar. BIU 52, PJC 78, and 84, etc.… N.M.R. TQ.

page 183 note 2 Cambridge University Collection BBS 64, 6780/34/350, TQ 6780/36, etc.…

page 187 note 1 van Es, W. A., Wijster, a Native Village beyond the Imperial Frontier (1967), p. 87.Google Scholar

page 187 note 2 Perrin, R. M. S., ‘Air Photography and the Scientific Study of Soils’, in ed. Joseph, J. K. St., Tie Uses of Air Photography (1966), pp. 63–73Google Scholar; Williams, R. G., ‘Frost and the Works of Man’, Antiquity, xlvii (1973), 19–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Evans, J. G., ‘Icewedge Casts at Broome Heath, Ditchingham, Norfolk’, P.P.S. xxxviii (1972), 77–86Google Scholar.

page 188 note 1 Streatley, Beds., in ed. Simpson, D. D. A., Economy and Settlement of the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age (1971), fig. 20, p. 125Google Scholar. I am indebted to Mr. J. Hedges for pointing this out.

page 188 note 2 Harding, D. W., The Iron Age in the Upper Thames (1972)Google Scholar; Harding, D. W., The Iron Age in Lowland Britain (1974)Google Scholar; Cunliffe, B., Iron Age Communities in Britain (1974)Google Scholar.

page 188 note 3 Such as Northampton Dev. Corp. Monograph 1, A Double-ditched Enclosure at Blackthorn, Northampton (1974)Google Scholar; Wainwright, G. J., ‘A Durotrigian Farmstead near Tollard Royal, Cranborne Chase’, P.P.S. xxxiv (1968), 102–47Google Scholar; Wainwright, G. J., ‘The Iron Age Settlement of Gussage All Saints’, Antiquity, xlvii (1973), 109–16CrossRefGoogle Scholar; H. and Miles, T., ‘Trethurgy, Cornwall’, Current Archaeology, xl (1973)Google Scholar.

page 189 note 1 Jones, M. U. and Rodwell, W. J. ‘TheRomano-British Pottery kilns at Mucking’, Essex Arch. Soc. Trans. v (1973), 13–47.Google Scholar

page 189 note 2 Jones, M. U., ‘Potters’ Graffiti from Mucking, Essex’, Antiq. Journ. lii (1972), 335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 189 note 3 Cf. Iron Age hut circles at Percy Rigg, Kildale, (Yorks. Arch. Journ. xliv (1972), 23–31).Google Scholar

page 190 note 1 Ellison, A. and Drewett, P., ‘Pits and Post-holes in the British Early Iron Age’, P.P.S. xxxvii (1971), 183–94Google Scholar; Stead, I. M., ‘An Irén Age Hill-Fort at Grimthorpe, Yorks.’, P.P.S. xxxiv (1968), 148–90Google Scholar; Stanford, S. C., ‘Credenhill Camp, Here fordshire: an Iron Age Hill-Fort Capital’, Arch. Journ. cxxvii (1970), 82–129Google Scholar.

page 191 note 1 Bulleid, I. A. and Gray, H. St. George, Glastonbury Lake Village (1911), pl. xiv.Google Scholar

page 191 note 2 Dixon, P., ‘Longhouse and Roundhouse at Crickley Hill’, Antiquity, xlvii (1973), 56–9.Google Scholar

page 192 note 1 Jones, M. U., ‘Saxon Pottery from a Hut at Mucking, Essex’, Berichten van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek (1969), 147.Google Scholar

page 192 note 2 The finding of two entire Saxon pots, one in the Coates Collection, Thurrock Museum, the other in the possession of Mr. Thomas Lindsay, Walton's Hall, suggests there may have been four Saxon cemeteries in Mucking parish.

page 192 note 3 Evison, V. I., ‘Quoit Brooch Style Buckles’, Antiq. Journ. xlviii (1968), 231–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 192 note 4 In Beresford, M. W. and Hurst, J. G., Deserted Medieval Fillages (1971)Google Scholar, to which add Keston, Kent (Philp, B., Excavations in West Kent, 1960–70 (1973), pp. 156–63Google Scholar), and Catton, Staffs. (Trent Valley Arch. Res. Ctee. Report 7 (1973))Google Scholar.

page 192 note 5 Addyman, P. V., ‘The Anglo-Saxon House: a new Review’ in Clemoes, P. (ed.), Anglo-Saxon England, i (1972).Google Scholar

page 192 note 6 Trier, B., ‘Das Haus im Nordwesten der Germania Libera’, Veröffentlichungen der Altertums-Kommission im Provinzialinstitut fur Westfälische Landes- und Volkskunde, iv (1969), Taf. 1, 178.Google Scholar

page 192 note 7 Ahrens, C., ‘Vorgeschichtes des Kreises Pinneberg und der Insel Helgoland’, Vor- und Frühgeschichtliche Denkmäler und Funde in Schleswig-Holstein, vii (1966), 205–32.Google Scholar

page 192 note 8 Leeds, E. T., ‘A Saxon Village near Sutton Courtenay, Berks.’, Arciaeologia, lxxiii (1923), 147–92CrossRefGoogle Scholar, lxxvi (1927), 59–80, and xcii (1947), 78–94.

page 192 note 9 West, S. E., ‘The Anglo-Saxon Village of West Stow’, Med. Arch, xiii (1969), 1–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 192 note 10 van Giffen, A. E., ‘Der Warf in Ezinge, Provinz Groningen, Holland, und seine westgermanischen Häuser’, Germania, xx (1936), 40–7Google Scholar; Boeles, P. C. J. A., Friesland tot de elfde eeuw (1951), p. 580Google Scholar.

page 193 note 1 Es, Van, op. cit.Google Scholar

page 193 note 2 Demolon, P., ‘Le village mérovingien de Brebrières’, Mémoires de la Commission Départementale des Monuments Historiques du Pas-de-Calais, xiv (1972).Google Scholar

page 193 note 3 Bell, M. G., Bishopstone Excavations, 1968–71, 1972.Google Scholar

page 193 note 4 Evison, , op. cit., p. 241.Google Scholar

page 193 note 5 Myres, J. N. L., ‘The Anglo-Saxon Pottery from Mucking’, Antiq. Journ. xlviii (1968), 226.Google Scholar

page 193 note 6 Case, H. J., ‘Ring-ditches in the Oxford Region’, Oxon. xxviii (1963), 35–52Google Scholar; Smith, I., ‘Ring-ditches in Eastern and Central Gloucestershire’, in Fowler, P. J. (ed.), Archaeology and the Landscape (1972), pp. 157–66Google Scholar.

page 194 note 1 The sunken hut at Catton, Staffs., p. 192, n. 4 was not recognized from crop-mark.

page 194 note 2 Oxfordshire Arch. Unit Survey 2, The Upper Thames Valley: an Archaeological Survey of the River Gravels (1974), p. 102Google Scholar.

page 194 note 3 As at Tower Knowe, Northumberland; Jobey, G., ‘A Romano-British Settlement at Tower Knowe, Wellhaugh, Northumberland’, Arch. Ael. 5th series, i (1973), pl. vii, I and IIGoogle Scholar.

page 194 note 4 As at Upton, Northants.; Jackson, D. A. et al., ‘The Iron Age and Anglo-Saxon Site at Upton, Northants.’, Antiq. Journ. xlix (1969), 202–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

page 194 note 5 As at Keston, p. 192, n. 4.

page 194 note 6 These pebbly fills are seen as the result of mechanical movement of pebbles to the surface caused by dripping water, a process often observed round the excavation huts and caravans.

page 194 note 7 Cf. Jobey, G., ‘A Native Settlement at Hartburn, Northumberland’, Arch. Ael. 5 th series, i (1973) 11–53Google Scholar. House construction trenches are defined on p. 22.

page 196 note 1 In op. cit., p. 22.

page 196 note 2 Ahrens, , op. cit., p. 211.Google Scholar

page 198 note 1 As in huts 83 and 86 at Wijster: Es, Van, op. cit., fig. 39 and p. 84Google Scholar.

page 198 note 2 As in hut 6, Puddlehill, Beds., Manshead Magazine, Journ. of the Manshead Arch. Soc. of Dunstable, xvii (1967), 20 and figGoogle Scholar.

page 198 note 3 Hoffman, M., The Warp-weighted Loom (1964).Google Scholar

page 198 note 4 Cf. Upton, Northants.; Jackson, et al., op. cit., p. 210Google Scholar.

page 198 note 5 Ahrens, , op. cit., note 630.Google Scholar