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An Iron Age Bowl from Rose Ash, North Devon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2011

Aileen Fox
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Extract

The Rose Ash bowl was found by Mr. B. M. Ayre of Munson Farm when he was cutting drainage channels in the corner of a marshy field in September 1959. It came up in the shovel of a mechanical digger and Mr. Ayre noticed it as soon as the load was turned out: it lay bottom upwards on the heap of sticky grey clay and ‘shone as though it were gold’. He took it back to the farmhouse, washed it under the tap, and the next day, since he was going to Barnstaple, took it into the North Devon Athenaeum and asked the Curator, Mr. A. Blackwell, to identify it. Mr. Blackwell very properly sent it to the British Museum, and kindly told me about the discovery.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 41 , Issue 3-4 , October 1961 , pp. 186 - 198
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1961

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References

page 186 note 1 The bowl was bought by the British Museum in July 1961.

page 191 note 1 ‘Cauldrons and Bucket Animals’, in Aspects of Archaeology, edited W. F. Grimes, p. 193.

page 191 note 2 Cyril Fox, Pattern and Purpose, pl. 53,a Hounslow, pl. 48, b and c Dinorben and Ham Hill, pl. 52, b Stanwick.

page 192 note 1 Watson, W., Antlq. Journ. xxxi (1949), 37CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

page 192 note 2 Smith, R. A., Antiq. Journ. vi (1926), 280Google Scholar.

page 192 note 3 I am much indebted to Mr. T. Fry of Higher Youlton, now aged 80, who took me to see the exact spot, which has not hitherto been recorded.

page 192 note 4 Fox, A., ‘South-Western Hill Forts’, in Some Problems of the British Iron Age, ed. Frere, S. S., 1960, p. 49Google Scholar.

page 193 note 1 Cyril Fox, Pattern and Purpose, p. 79 and pl. 51.

page 193 note 2 Detail figured by E. T. Leeds, Arch, lxxx, 25, fig. 9.

page 193 note 3 Compare the Harpenden rams, Pattern and Purpose, pl. 50.

page 193 note 4 The Celtic use of faces on bronze vessels occurs elsewhere: compare the grotesque satyr head with a wide mouth and prominent eyebrows on the late La Têne jug from Kelheim, Bavaria, Werner, J., Bayerische Vorgeschichte Blatter, xx (1954)Google Scholar. I am indebted to Mr. E. M. Jope for this reference.

page 193 note 5 Jope, E.M., Ulster Journ. Arch. xvi (1954), 92Google Scholar.

page 193 note 6 A. Bulleid and H. St. G. Gray, Glastonbury Lake Village, i, 179.

page 194 note 1 A. Bulleid and H. St. G. Gray, Glastonbury Lake Village, i, pi. XLIII, E 146 and E 147, pp. 236, 240. Compare also the wavy-line pattern on the bronze handle for a wooden tub cover from Welwyn, Herts. (R. A. Smith, Arch. lxiii, 17, fig. 14) and on a harness loop from Llyn Cerrig, Anglesey, for which a south-western origin is suggested (C. Fox, Llyn Cerrig report, pi. ix, 46 and p. 37).

page 194 note 2 Gray and Bulleid, Meare Lake Village, ii, 216, pl. xlvi, e 103.

page 194 note 3 Trans. Bristol and Glos. Arch. Soc. v, 137; R. A. Smith, Arch, lxi, 332. The shale beads reflect trade contacts between the Dobunni and the Durotriges of Dorset, shown also by the distribution of currency bars. Knowledge of the lathe techniques may have travelled the same way, from shale workers in the Purbeck district to the metal workers in Somerset. Dr. F. G. Dines of the Geological Survey kindly indentified the large bead as the rare mineral pyrophyllite probably derived from the Continent.

page 195 note 1 P.P.S. 1949, p. 188.

page 195 note 2 C. Fox and M. R. Hull, Antiq. Journ. 1948, p. 133; Pattern and Purpose, p. 88.

page 195 note 3 E. M. Clifford, Excavations at Bagendon, forthcoming.

page 195 note 4 There are cremation burials from the early Roman cemetery in Sheep Street, Cirencester, in native cordoned urns in Corinium Museum.

page 195 note 5 The bird handle is ancestral to that of the bronze cup, as Mr. Jope pointed out, Ulster Journ. Arch, xvi, 93.

page 195 note 6 The lake villages are now held to have started before 100 B.C. (South-Western Second and Third B): C. Hawkes, Antiquity, 1959, p. 181.

page 196 note 1 Maiden Castle, p. 216, pi. xxviii, 1, 6, and Hillforts of Northern France, p. 98, fig. 30, 6.

page 196 note 2 Welwyn, Arch, lxiii, 17, fig. 11, bowl with foot-stand; Snailwell, Proc.Camb.Ant. Soc.xlvii, 33.

page 196 note 3 The nearest Iron Age settlements are the ring-work at East Kidland, and a univallate contour fort at Garliford, 3 miles to the north (see fig. 2).

page 196 note 4 Cyril Fox, A Find of the Early Iron Age from Llyn Cerrig Bach, Anglesey, and S. Piggott, Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scot. Ixxxvii, 4.

page 196 note 5 E.P.N.S. Devon, ii, 348, 383–4. Adedication to the Matres nemetialibus at Grenoble indicates that deities were associated with the Sanctuaries (C.I.L. xii, 2221).

page 197 note 1 Ibid., pp. 360, 370–1.

page 197 note 2 Arch, xciii, 47 and 42.

page 197 note 3 J.R.S. 1953, p. 124; 1958, p. 98; and Tram Dev. Assoc. xci, 174.

page 197 note 4 Pharsalia, iii, 11. 399–401, 411–13, 422–5.

page 198 note 1 Godwin, H. and Willis, E. H. (1959), ‘Radio-carbon Dating of Prehistoric Wooden Trackways’, Nature, clxxxiv, 490–1CrossRefGoogle Scholar.