Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T07:58:36.259Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Richard III and the Knave of Cards: An Illuminator's Model in Manuscript and Print, 1440s to 1990s

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2011

Anne F Sutton  and
Livia Visser Fuchs
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

For over two hundred years certain historians and art historians have been asserting that a portrait of Richard III can be found in the presentation miniature of one of Edward IV's manuscripts. This ‘portrait’ was the starting point of this investigation. The history of this myth has been traced, and that of the picture itself, its component parts and the book in which it appears, and it was the second phase of this research which revealed another complex trail of copies and imitations by illuminators and other artists.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Antiquaries Journal , Volume 79 , September 1999 , pp. 257 - 299
Copyright
Copyright © The Society of Antiquaries of London 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Ames, J 1749. Typographical Antiquities: being an Historical Account of Printing in England with some Memoirs of our Antient Printers …, LondonGoogle Scholar
Armstrong, C A J 1983. England, France and Burgundy in the Fifteenth Century, LondonGoogle Scholar
Ashdown, E J 1910. Historic Costume during XIX Centuries, LondonGoogle Scholar
Asperen de Boer, J R J van, (ed) 1992 [1990], ‘Underdrawings in Paintings of the Roger van der Weyden and Master of Flémalle Group’, Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaar-boek, 41, 202–21Google Scholar
Avril, F, Gousset, M-Th and Guenée, B (eds) 1987. Les Grandes Chroniques de France. Reproduction intégrate …, [Paris]Google Scholar
Backhouse, J 1975. ‘An illuminator's sketchbook’, Brit Library J, I, 3–13Google Scholar
Backhouse, J 1987. ‘Founders of the Royal Library: Edward IV and Henry VII as collectors of illuminated manuscripts’, in England in the Fifteenth Century. Proceedings of the 1986 Harlaxton Symposium (ed Williams, D), 23–41, WoodbridgeGoogle Scholar
Barker, N (ed) 1988. Two East Anglian Picture Books. A Facsimile of the Helmingham Herbal and Bestiary and Bodleian MS Ashmole 1504, Roxburgh ClubGoogle Scholar
Bartier, J 1970. Karel de Stoute, BrusselsGoogle Scholar
Blockmans, W 1992. ‘The devotion of a lonely duchess’, in Margaret of York, Simon Marmion and ‘The Visions of Tondal’ (ed Kren, Thomas), 29–46, MalibuGoogle Scholar
Buren, A H van and Edmunds, S 1974. ‘Playing cards and manuscripts: some widely disseminated fifteenth-century model sheets’, Art Bul., 76, 12–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, L 1993. ‘Rogier van der Weyden and his workshop’, Proc Brit Aca., 84, 1–24Google Scholar
Cheetham, A 1972. Richard III, LondonGoogle Scholar
Christy, R M 1912. ‘Joseph Strutt, author, artist, engraver and antiquary, 1749–1802. A Biography’, Unpublished typescript in British Library, LondonGoogle Scholar
Clough, C H 1997–1999. ‘The enigma of Richard III's woodcut portrait of 1529’, The Ricardian., 11, 114–39Google Scholar
Coulton, G G 1930. The Chronicler of European Chivalry, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Crook, J M 1995. John Carter and the Mind of the Gothic Revival, Soc Antiq Occ Pap, 17, 1–17Google Scholar
Davies, M 1954. Les Primitifs Flamands. I. Corpus de la peinture des anciens Pays Bas méridionaux au quinzième siècle, 3, fascs 6–13. The National Gallery, London, II, AntwerpGoogle Scholar
De Schryver, A 1977. ‘L'oeuvre authentique de Philippe de Mazerolles, enlumineur de Charles le Téméraire’, in Cinq-centième anniversaire de la bataille de Nancy (1477) [Tavenaux, R, introd], 135–44, NancyGoogle Scholar
De Vos, D 1994. Hans Memling. The Complete Works, AntwerpGoogle Scholar
Dijkstra, J 1990. Origineel en Kopie. Een onderzoek naar de navolging van de Meester van Flémalle en Rogier van der Weyden AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Dogaer, G 1987. Flemish Miniature Painting in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries, AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Dupont, E (ed) 1858–1863. Jean de Wavrin, Anchiennes croniques d'Angleterre, 3 vols, ParisGoogle Scholar
Durrieu, P 1921. La miniature flamande au temps des dues de Bourgogne (1415–1530), BrusselsGoogle Scholar
d'Essling, Prince 1907–1914. Études sur I'art de la gravure sur bois à Venise. Les livres à figures Venitiens de la fin du xve siècle et du commencement du xvie, 3 parts in 5 vols, FlorenceGoogle Scholar
Euw, A von and Plotzek, J M 1979–1985. Die Handschriften der Sammlung Ludwig, 4 vols, CologneGoogle Scholar
Evans, J 1956. A History of the Society of Antiquaries, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Fairholt, F W 1846. Costume in England. A History of Dress from the Earliest Period till the Close of the Eighteenth Century, to which is appended an Illustrated Glossary of Terms for all Articles of Use or Ornament Worn about the Person, London, 3rd edn, enlarged and revised Dillon, H A, London 1879Google Scholar
Farquhar, J D 1976. Creation and Imitation. The Work of a Fifteenth-Century Manuscript Illuminator (William Vrelant), Fort LauderdaleGoogle Scholar
Filedt Kok, J P 1985a. ‘The development of fifteenth-century German engraving and the drypoint prints of the Master of the Amsterdam Cabinet’, in Livelier than Life. The Master of the Amsterdam Cabinet or the Housebook Master, ca. 1470–1500, compiled Filedt Kok, J P, AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Filedt Kok, J P 1985b. Livelier than Life. The Master of the Amsterdam Cabinet or the Housebook Master, ca. 1470–1500, catalogue compiled Filedt Kok, J P, AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Geisberg, M 1905. Das älteste, gestochene deutsche Kartenspiel vom Meister der Spielkarten (1446), Studien zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte, LXVI, StrasbourgGoogle Scholar
Geisberg, M 1910. Das Kartenspiel der Kgl. Staats- und Altertiimer-sammlung in Stuttgart, Studien zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte, CXX, StrasbourgGoogle Scholar
Geisberg, M 1918. Das Kartenspiel des k. und k. Hofbibliothek zu Wien …, Studien zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte, CCV, StrasbourgGoogle Scholar
Gough, R 1786–1799. Sepulchral Monuments in Great Britain Applied to Illustrate the History of Families, Manners, Habits, and Arts, at the Different Periods from the Norman Conquest to Seventeenth Century, LondonGoogle Scholar
Gransden, A 1982. Historical Writing in England, II, LondonGoogle Scholar
Grose, F (ed) 1775–1784. The Antiquarian Repertory, 4 vols, London, new edn by Grose, F and Astle, T, 1807–09Google Scholar
Gurney Bentham, W 1957. Playing Cards, LondonGoogle Scholar
Hallam, E (ed) 1988. The Chronicles of the Wars of the Roses, LondonGoogle Scholar
Hamel, C de 1986. A History of Illuminated Manuscripts, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Hanham, A 1975. Richard III and His Early Historians 1483–1535, OxfordGoogle Scholar
Hardy, W RS (ed) 1868–1891. Recueil des Croniques et Anchiennes Istories de la Grant Bretaigne, a present nomme. Engleterre, 5 vols, repr 1972Google Scholar
Hernad, B (ed) 1990. Die Grafiksammlung des Humanisten Hartmann Schedel, exhibition catalogue, the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 1990, MunichGoogle Scholar
Hess, D 1994. Meister urn das ‘Mitelalterliche Hausbuch’. Studien zur Hausbuchmeisterfrage, MainzGoogle Scholar
Hinds, A M 1963. An Introduction to a History of the Woodcut, 2 vols, repr New York.Google Scholar
Koreny, F (ed) 1974. Spielkarten, ihre Kunst und Geschichte in Mitteleuropa, exhibition catalogue, the Austrian National Library, ViennaGoogle Scholar
Kren, T (ed) 1983. Renaissance Painting in Manuscripts. Treasures from the British Museum, LondonGoogle Scholar
Lehmann-Haupt, H 1966. Gutenberg and the Master of the Playing Cards, New HavenGoogle Scholar
Lehrs, M 1891. ‘Italienische Kopien nach deutschen Kupferstichen des XV Jahrhun-derts’, Jahrbuch der königlichen preussischen Kunstsammlungen, 12, 125–36Google Scholar
Lewis, W S (ed) 1937–1983. Horace Walpole's Correspondence, 48 vols, New HavenGoogle Scholar
Lippmann, F 1888. The Art of Wood Engraving in Italy in the Fifteenth Century, LondonGoogle Scholar
Lyna, F 1989. Les principaux manuscrits à peintures de la Bibliothéque Royale de Belgique, III, BrusselsGoogle Scholar
McKendrick, S 1992. ‘Lodewijk van Gruuthuse en de librije van Edward IV’, in Lodewijk van Gruuthuse (ed Martens, M P J), 153–9, BrugesGoogle Scholar
Mandach, A von 1987. Der Trajan- und Herkinbald- Teppich, BernGoogle Scholar
Markham Schulz, A 1971. ‘The Columba Altarpiece and Roger van der Weyden's stylistic development’, Münchner Jahrbuch der bildenden Kuns., 3rd ser, XX, 63–116Google Scholar
Marrow, J 1966. ‘Picture reversal in the Turin-Milan Hours’, Scriptoriu., 20, 67–9CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, H 1901. Les miniaturistes franccedil;ais, ParisGoogle Scholar
Miner, D [1967]. ‘More about medieval pouncing’, in Homage to a Bookman. Essays on Manuscripts, Books and Printing Written for Hans P. Kraus on his 60th Birthday, October 12, 1967 (ed Lehmann-Haupt, H), 87–107, BerlinyGoogle Scholar
Noon, P 1991. Richard Parkes Bonnington, ‘On the Pleasures of Painting’, exhibition catalogue, Yale Centre for British Art, New HavenGoogle Scholar
Norris, H 1927. Costume and Fashion, Senlac to Bosworth, II, London, repr 1940Google Scholar
Pächt, O and Thoss, D 1990. Die Illuminierte Handschriften und Inkunabeln der Österrei-chischen Nationalbibliothek. Flämische Schule, II, 2 vols, ViennaGoogle Scholar
Payne, A and Jefferson, L 1996. ‘Edward IV: the Garter and the Golden Fleece’, in. L'ordre de la Toison d'or, de Philippe le Bon à Philippe le Beau (1430–1505): idéal ou reflet d'une société? (ed Bergen-Pantens, C Van den), BrusselsGoogle Scholar
Planché, J R 1876–1879. A Cyclopaedia of Costume or Dictionary of Dress …, 2 vols, LondonGoogle Scholar
Pollard, A J 1991. Richard III and the Princes in the Tower, StroudGoogle Scholar
Pollard, A W 1894. Italian Book Illustrations. Chiefly of the Fifteenth Century, LondonGoogle Scholar
Pollard, A W 1897. ‘The woodcut designs for illumination in Venetian books 1469–73’, Bibliographica, 3, 122–8Google Scholar
Rogier van der Weyden 1979. Rogier van der Weyden. Roger de la Pasture, exhibition catalogue, the Stedelijk Museum, BrusselsGoogle Scholar
Ross, C 1974. Edward IV, LondonCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, C 1981. Richard III, LondonGoogle Scholar
Sander, M 1942–1969. Le livre à figures italien, 1467–1530, 6 vols, MilanGoogle Scholar
Scheller, R W 1963. A Survey of Medieval Model Books, HaarlemGoogle Scholar
Scheller, R W 1995. Exemplum: Model-Book Drawings and the Practice of Artistic Transmission in the Middle Ages (ca. 900 – ca. 1470), trans Hoyle, M, AmsterdamCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scofield, C L 1923. The Life and Reign of Edward the Fourth, 2 vols, LondonGoogle Scholar
Shaw, H 1858. Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ages, 2 vols, LondonGoogle Scholar
Smeyers, M and Van der Stock, J (eds) 1997. Vlaamse Miniaturen voor Vorsten – Burgers, 1475–1550, GhentGoogle Scholar
Smith, C H 1814. Selections of the Ancient Costume of Great Britain and Ireland from the Seventh to the Sixteenth Century out of the Collection in the Possession of the Author, LondonGoogle Scholar
Speed, John 1611. Historie of Great Britaine, LondonGoogle Scholar
Strutt, J 1773, 1777, 1793. Regal and Ecclesiastical Antiquities of England, containing the Representations of all the English Monarchs, from Edward the Confessor to Henry the Eighth; together with many of the Great Persons that were eminent under their several reigns. The whole carefully collected from Antient Illuminated Manuscripts, LondonGoogle Scholar
Strutt, J 1774–1776. A Complete View of the Manners, Customs, Arms, Habits, etc. of the Inhabitants of England, from the Arrival of the Saxons, Till the Reign of Henry the Eighth …, LondonGoogle Scholar
Strutt, J 1796 and 1799. A Complete View of the Dress and Habits of the People of England, from the Establishment of the Saxons in Britain to the Present Time, Illustrated by Engravings taken from the most Antient Remains of Antiquity, to which is prefixed an Introduction containing a general description of the Ancient habits in Use among Mankind, from the Earliest Period of Time, to the Conclusion of the Seventh Century, 2 vols, LondonGoogle Scholar
Strutt, J 1842a. The Regal and Ecclesiastical Antiquities … A New and Improved Edition, with Critical and Explanatory Notes (ed Planché, J R), LondonGoogle Scholar
Strutt, J 1842b. A Complete View of the Dress and Habits … A New and Improved Edition with Critical and Explanatory Notes (ed Planché, J R), 2 vols, LondonGoogle Scholar
Strutt, W 1896. A Memoir of the Life of Joseph Strutt, 1749–1802, LondonGoogle Scholar
Sutton, A F and Visser-Fuchs, L 1997. Richard III's Books, StroudGoogle Scholar
Tudor-Craig, P (ed) 1977. Richard III, exhibition catalogue, National Portrait Gallery, London 27 June – 7 October 1973, 2nd edn, LondonGoogle Scholar
Turner, D H (ed) 1983. The Hastings Hours, LondonGoogle Scholar
Turner, S 1825. History of England in the Middle Ages, 5 vols, 2nd edn, LondonGoogle Scholar
Walpole, H 1798. The Complete Works of Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford, 5 vols, LondonGoogle Scholar
Warner, G F and Gilson, J P 1921. Catalogue of Western Manuscripts in the Old Royal and Kings’ Collections, 4 vols, LondonGoogle Scholar
Weightman, C 1989. Margaret of York, Duchess of Burgundy 1446–1503, GloucesterGoogle Scholar
Winkler, F 1978. Die flämische Buchmalerei, 2nd edn, AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Wolff, M 1982. ‘Some manuscript sources for the Playing Card Master's number cards’, Art Bul., 64, 587–600CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woodward, G W O 1972. Richard III, Pitkin Books, new edn 1974Google Scholar