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Polynoid polychaetes living in the gut of irregular sea urchins: a first case of inquilinism in the Southern Ocean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2011

Stefano Schiaparelli ,
Maria Chiara Alvaro  and
Ruth Barnich
Stefano Schiaparelli*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento per lo Studio del Territorio e delle sue Risorse (Dip.Te.Ris.), Università di Genova, C.so Europa 26, Genova I-16132, Italy
Maria Chiara Alvaro
Affiliation:
Museo Nazionale dell'Antartide (MNA), Università di Genova, Viale Benedetto XV no. 5, Genova I-16132, Italy
Ruth Barnich
Affiliation:
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

Many different polychaete-echinoderm relationships have been described, from tropical to polar environments. Most of these associations have been generally defined as ‘commensal’, with polychaetes guests usually found on the oral surface of their hosts or, in a very few cases, even inside the host's body. Here we present an inquilinistic association involving two Antarctic species, the polychaete Gorekia crassicirris (Willey, 1902) (Polynoidae) and the irregular sea urchin Abatus nimrodi (Koheler, 1911) (Schizasteridae) found in the Ross Sea. This record is only the second worldwide for this kind of association, after that of the polychaete Benthoscolex cubanus which lives in the gut of the spatangoid Archeopneustes hystrix in Caribbean waters. Gorekia crassicirris seems to be a polyxenous species as it was also observed on another schizasterid, Brachysternaster chescheri Larrain, 1985 in the Weddell Sea. Considering that A. nimrodi is absent from that area and that the two sea urchin species have a disjoint distribution, it is possible that a ‘host-switch’ phenomenon occurred at some stage. We review the available literature to compare the Antarctic pairing with the other known examples of similar associations.

Keywords

AntarcticaEchinoideaPolychaetaRoss Sea
Type
Biological Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 23 , Issue 2 , April 2011 , pp. 144 - 151
Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2011

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