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Long-term monitoring of atmospheric pollution in the Maritime Antarctic with the lichen Usnea aurantiaco-atra (Jacq.) Bory: a magnetic and elemental study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 October 2021

Claire Carvallo Open the ORCID record for Claire Carvallo [Opens in a new window] ,
Nathaly Godoy Open the ORCID record for Nathaly Godoy [Opens in a new window] ,
Bertha Aguilar Open the ORCID record for Bertha Aguilar [Opens in a new window] ,
Claudia Egas Open the ORCID record for Claudia Egas [Opens in a new window] ,
Raúl Fuentealba Open the ORCID record for Raúl Fuentealba [Opens in a new window]  and
Margarita Préndez Open the ORCID record for Margarita Préndez [Opens in a new window]
Claire Carvallo*
Affiliation:
Sorbonne Université, UMR 7590, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
Nathaly Godoy
Affiliation:
Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Sergio Livingtone 1007, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
Bertha Aguilar
Affiliation:
Unidad Morelia del Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua carretera a Pátzcuaro No 8701, Col. Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
Claudia Egas
Affiliation:
Universidad de Talca, Instituto Ciencias Biológicas, Av Lircay s/n, Talca, Chile
Raúl Fuentealba
Affiliation:
Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Sergio Livingtone 1007, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
Margarita Préndez
Affiliation:
Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Sergio Livingtone 1007, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

Antarctica is a natural research laboratory thanks to its unique climate, geography, flora and fauna. The conservation of Antarctica's environment is monitored through the Madrid Protocol; however, there are local pollution problems associated with human activities such as research and tourism; in particular, there are negative impacts on air quality from the use of fossil fuels. In this work, we studied for the first time the magnetic and elemental characteristics of the lichen Usnea aurantiaco-atra (Jacq.) Bory collected during different years and from various sites in King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula, as well as some samples of its supporting substrate, for long-term monitoring of atmospheric pollution. Several anthropogenic elements (Ni, Pb, Mo, Cd and Zn) have been identified on sites close to human activities, but also on sites far from them. We found that magnetic proxies from U. aurantiaco-atra samples show a spatial correlation with human influence (scientific bases or airstrips). We observed a correlation between magnetic parameters and Ni and, to a lesser extent, with Cr, Co, V and Ag. The results suggest that by using these magnetic and elemental techniques it is possible to implement monitoring with the lichen U. aurantiaco-atra as a bioindicator for some elements of anthropogenic origin.

Keywords

anthropogenic particulate matterbiomonitoringelemental compositionenvironmental magnetismFildes PeninsulaKing George Island
Type
Physical Sciences
Information
Antarctic Science , Volume 33 , Issue 6 , December 2021 , pp. 660 - 673
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Copyright
Copyright © Antarctic Science Ltd 2021

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