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The following article owes its existence rather to the kindness of others than to any epigraphical work of my own during the period of my military service in Macedonia, and it is a pleasant duty to begin by acknowledging the courtesy and generosity with which Lieut. Commander E. A. Gardner, R.N.V.R., Captain S. Casson, General Staff, and Lieut. A. M. Woodward, Intelligence Corps, have handed over to me for publication their epigraphical materials. The extent of my indebtedness to these officers severally will be indicated below in connexion with the individual inscriptions: here I offer them a brief, but none the less sincere, assurance of my gratitude.
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- Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1919
References
page 67 note 1 Hereinafter referred to as E. A. G., S. C, and A. M. W. respectively.
page 67 note 2 Ἡ Μακεδονία, i. Athens, 1896. I refer to it as ‘Dem.’, the numbers being those of the inscriptions, not of the pages, of this work.
page 68 note 1 See Perdrizet, P., B.C.H. xxiv. 299 ff.Google Scholar, G. Mendel, ib. 404 f.
page 69 note 1 See E. Mayser, Gramm, d. griech. Papyri, 190. ‘Es ist dies die orthographische Wiedergabe des gehörten Lautes der Volkssprache.’
page 69 note 2 He is described as VIVIRAIC (Dem. 1083) or VI. VIR.AIG (Dem 102), which should not be read, with Demitsas, ‘vi(xit) vir aug(ustus),’ but sexvir Aug(ustalis). For the seviri Augustales see Neumann's art. Augustales in Pauly-Wissowa, ii. 2349 it.
page 69 note 3 E.g. A.-E.M. xvii. 201, No. 75.
page 70 note 1 For the cult of Artemis in Macedonia see W. Baege, De Macedonum sacris, 49 ff.; for Thrace, cf. Tomaschek, W., Die alten Thraker, ii. 1. 46.Google Scholar
page 70 note 2 For the Macedonian Dioscuri cult see Baege, , op. cit. ix, 199 ff.Google Scholar
page 71 note 1 See E. Mayser, Grammatik, d. griech. Papyri, 114 f.
page 71 note 2 See A. Thumb, Die griech. Sprache im Zeitalter des Hellenismus, 231 ff. E. Mayser Grammatik d. griech. Papyri, 252 f.
page 72 note 1 CI. Flavia Silvana occurs in an inscription of Salonika known to me only through Rev. Ét. Gr. xx. 70.
page 72 note 2 So we must read and not Συλουηνοṽ (see B.S.A. xviii. 185, No. 34).
page 74 note 1 Now in the Constantinople Museum.
page 74 note 2 Demitsas (commentary on 675) maintains that Leake located Lete at Aivatli: but the passage to which he refers (Travels in Northern Greece, iii. 450) does not refer to Lete at all, and Leake expressly places it at Mavrovo or at Sokhó (Suho), op. cit. iii. 462. See p. 35 above for the site of Lete.
page 75 note 1 Demitsas (p. 573) dates it 117 A.D. ! In Ditt. Syll. 3 700 the later date is retained, but O. Cuntz argues in favour of July 119 (Hermes, liii. 102 ff.).
page 75 note 2 See p. 206 ff.
page 76 note 1 Quoted by Wilhelm, A., A.-E.M. xx. 76.Google Scholar For other interesting examples see I.G. iv. 932, v. 2. 437, 515, ix. 2. 1104: cf. iv. 2.
page 76 note 2 Quoted by Wilhelm, loc. cit.
page 76 note 3 Cf. I.G. iii. 687,τροφαῖς αἷς ἐν τῇ μεγάλῃ σπάνει παρέδχε.
page 76 note 4 The word is new, the usual term being σ(ε)ιτωνέω (e.g. B.S.A. xviii. 149, Beroea): the formation is easily intelligible, the object of the σιτώνης being to procure σῖτον εὔωνον
page 76 note 5 Cf. B.C.H. xxxviii. 63, Rev. Arch. xix. (1912), 329.
page 77 note 1 It is uncertain what Emperor is referred to in the phrase [π]ρεσβεύσαντα [πρὸς] τὸν κύριον [Αὐτ]οκράτορα in an inscription of Achris (Dem. 330).
page 78 note 1 For other examples see op. cit. iii. 60, 62, 68, 208.
page 79 note 1 Cf. also I.G. vii. 190, ll. II, 17, iv. 597. xii. 5.647 and Thalheim's article s.v ῾Εστίασις in Pauly-Wissowa, viii. 1315.
page 79 note 2 See also ib. 208, xii. 5. 663. For this whole question the Syran texts I. G. xii. 5. 660–5 are interesting.
page 79 note 3 ᾿Επίδοσις seems to be used in a more general sense in I.G. ad res Rom. pert. iii. 173. ὑπερ- βαλόντα ἐπιδόσιν καὶ λοιπαῖς φιλοτιμίαις The term ἐπιδομα occurs ib. 158.
page 79 note 4 Assuming the correctness of the restoration and of the attribution to Lete.
page 79 note 5 Very rarely ἐξ as in Kalinka A.D.B. 96, I.G. ad res Rom. pert. i. 1481.
page 80 note 1 ‘Presumably presidents of the municipality nominated by the crown’ (E. H. Minns, Scythians and Greeks, 613).
page 80 note 2 The inscription on a basis found at Varna was read by its first editor γυναῖκα δὲ [τοῦ πολ]ιτάρχου [Διον]υσίου (A.-E. M. xvii. 203), but its most recent editor, while admitting the possibility of this restoration, prefers to read [τοῦ σε]ιτάρχου (Kalinka A.D.B. 99).
page 81 note 1 Βειθύκενθος appears in Kalinka A.D.B, but is omitted from the index: for other compounds see Tumaschek, loc. cit.
page 81 note 2 In B.S.A. xviii. 154 Σιδωνίου must be changed to [Πο]σιδωνίου Ποσ(ε)ιδώνιος is common in this region (see Dem. Index) whereas the name Σιδώνιος is a very rare one and does not occur at all, so far as I know, in Macedonia.
page 82 note 1 See E. Mayser, Grammatik, d. griech. Papyri, 260, A. Thumb, Die griech. Sprache im Zeitalter des Hellenismus, 154 f.
page 82 note 2 See Fig. 2, p. 16 above.
page 82 note 3 Dem. Index, p. 1015 s.v. ᾿Αλφίδιος gives 224 in place of 234.
page 82 note 4 Surely, however, Μαρύαλος must be a slip for Μάρυλλος a name which occurs in 1. 53 of the same text.
page 83 note 1 The inscription contains a number of errors,—whether of engraver, copyist or printer I cannot determine. Ini. IO the cognomen COYKΛECCOC which is transcribed Κουκλέκκος must be Σουκκέσσος a name found also in 1. 30. In I. 33 ᾿Ανθόστιος should probably be ᾿Ανθέστιος the Latin Antistius (e.g. I.G. v. 1. 281, 756, C.I.G. 2078). In 1. 39 I conjecture ῾Ηραγόρου for ῾Ηρατόρου A. Wilhelm has recently called attention, in correcting a Pamphylian text published in B.S.A. xviii. 233, to the ease with which ┌ and Τ can be confused (Sitzb. Wien, clxxx. 2. 36), and a further example may be found in Dem. 25, where OITONIC transcribed Οἰτονις plainly stands for οἰ γονῖς (γονεῖς) see also ᾿Αρχ. Εφ 1913, 228, which corrects to ᾿Αγροικίῳ the ᾿Ατροικιψ of B.S.A. xviii. 170. In 1.43 Θνήσιμος should of course be ᾿Ονήσιμος In 1.49 Σιλουνοῦ looks like a corruption of Σιλουανοῦ I suspect errors also in 11. 12, 15, 16 and 17.
page 83 note 2 So E. A. G. In the copy of S. C. this applies only to 11. 3, 5.
page 83 note 3 See No. 20 below.
page 85 note 1 For Λητοῦν etc. see H. van Herwerden s.v. in Mélanges Nicole, 252. For the declension of ώ names E. Mayser, Grammatik d. griech. Papyri, 268.
page 87 note 1 Drexler, W., Mythologische Beiträne, I. Der Cultus der aegyptischen Gottheiten in den Donaiiländern (Leipzig, 1890), 122 ff.Google Scholar will still repay study.
page 88 note 1 Other Macedonian ναοί occur in Dem. 213, 367, 380, 1088, P. Perdrizet in Corolla Numismatica, 226.
page 88 note 2 Drexler makes good use of this evidence, but Baege does not mention it.
page 88 note 3 Cf. A.-E.M. xiv. 22, xix. 97. So at the Eretrian Iseum an ῾Ισίδωρος appears as ζάκορος (᾿Αρχ. Δελτ i. 148).
page 88 note 4 The ΣΑΡΑΠ - - - of Dem. 857 also belongs here. In Πρακτικά 1913, 156, No. 46, the editor reads Κλ. Τεισιαδι(;): I do not think that the inscription is complete at the beginning and suggest - - - καὶ Εἰσιάδι We should also restore [μνε]ίας χάριν instead of (φιλ;) ιας χάριν The date of the epitaph in question, given by the editor as 584 A.D., is in reality 52 A.D., nor does the text bear any trace of being Christian.
page 88 note 5 The connexion between the Egyptian cults and the names of their devotees is further illustrated by a document from the Eretrian Iseum, which contains the names Εἰσίδωρος, Εἰσιδώρα Εἰσιγένηα, ᾿Ισιάς (twice) and Σεραπιάς (᾿Αρχ. Δελτ i. 158 ff. No. 9). I do not understand why Tomaschek, , Die alten Thraker, ii. 2, 10Google Scholar, regards ᾿Ισίων as a Thracian name.
page 89 note 1 Les cultes égyptiens à Délos du lile au ler siècle av. J. C., Paris and Nancy (Berger Levrault), 1916.
page 90 note 1 Οῖκος τῶν αὐτοκρατόρων (B.M. Inscr. 481*. 1. 385), ὁ σεβαστὸς τῶν αὐτοκρατόρων οῖκος (I.G. ad res Rom. pert. iii. 37),οῖκος θεῖος (ib. i. 682: the epithet θεῖος is apparently wrongly restored, ib. 1492). Cf. ἱερὰ οἰκία ib. iii. 374. The almost invariable attribute of οἰκος in this sense is σύμπας
page 90 note 2 Οῖκος is also used of the club-house (Poland, op. cit. 459 ff.).
page 91 note 1 For parallel uses of other verbs, see P. Roussel, R.E.G. xxix. 181 ff.
page 92 note 1 Cf. G. Gerlach, Griech. Ehreninschriften, 95; Larfeld, W., Handbuch, ii. 862 ff.Google Scholar, Griech. Epigraphik,3 447 ff.
page 92 note 2 Cf. Gerlach, op. cit. 84 ff; Larfeld, , Handbuch, ii. 862Google Scholar, Griech. Epigraphia,3 446 f.
page 92 note 3 The Σεβαστοῦ καὶ θεοῦ of ᾿Αρχ. Δελτ ii. 147 and the Σεβαστοῦ Καί[σαρος] Αύ[τοκρἁτορος] of Dem. 748 are, as I hope to show in my article on ‘The Macedonian Era,’ due to misreadings of the respective texts.
page 92 note 4 Reff, , in I.G. ad res Rom. pert. iii. p. 582 f.Google Scholar Cf. op. cit. i. 1150.
page 93 note 1 Published in G. P. Oikonomos, ῾Επιγραφαὶ τῆς Μακεὁονίας (p. 27, No. 46), which was inaccessible to me when the present article was written.
page 94 note 1 Possibly this is to some extent connected with the governorship cf M. Servilius Fabianus Maximus, who was legatus pro praetore of Lower Moesia under Marcus and Verus, 162 A.D. (Prosopographia Imperii Romani, iii. 226, No. 415).