Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T21:51:52.223Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A Reassessment of Mackenzie's Second and Third Cities at Phylakopi

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 June 2011

Neil Brodie
Neil Brodie
Affiliation:
Archaeology Center, Stanford University
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Duncan Mackenzie's interpretation of the Phylakopi stratigraphy, which he presented in 1904 as the final chapter of the excavation report, continues to structure discussion of the site's history. Mackenzie proposed a sequence of three ‘Cities’, which are seen to correspond to EC III, MC, and LC periods of occupation respectively. This paper examines Mackenzie's interpretation in light of his own notes taken during excavation, and the results of subsequent excavations undertaken by Dawkins and Droop in 1911 and Renfrew from 1974 to 1977. It concludes that while the urban sequence at Phylakopi is probably more complex than Mackenzie appreciated, his suggestion of a three City succession is broadly correct, but that the Second City should be redated to MC–LC II, and the Third City to LC III.

Η ερμηνεία του Duncan Mackenzie για την στρωματογραφία της Φυλακωπής, που παρουσίασε το 1904 στο τελευταίο κεφάλαιο της σχετικής ανασκαφικής έκθεσης, εξακολουθεί να προκαλεί συζήτηση για θην ιστορία της τέσης. O Mackenzie πρότεινε τη διαδοχή τριών ‘Πόλεων’, οι οποίες φαίνεται ότι αντιστοιχούν στις IIK III, MK και YK περιόδους κατοίκησης. Το εν λόγω άρθρο εξετάζει την ερμηνεία του Mackenzie σύμφωνα με τις προσωπικές του σημειώσεις κατά την ανασκαφή και τα αποτελέσματα μεταγενέστερων ανασκαφικών ερευνών, που διεξήχτησαν το 1911 από τους Dawkins και Droop και την περίοδο 1974–1977 από τον Renfrew. Συμπεραίνεται ότι ενώ η διαδοχή των οικιστικών φάσεων στη Φυλακωπή είναι πιθανώς περισσότερο περίπλοκη από την αρχική εκτίμηση του Mackenzie, η πρότασή του για την ύπαρξη τριών διαδοχικών Πόλεων είναι γενικά σωστή. Ωστόσο, η Δεύτερη Πόλη θα πρέπει να επαναχρονολογηθεί στη MK–YK II και η Τρίτη στην YK III.

Type
Articles
Information
Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 104 , November 2009 , pp. 49 - 72
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Atkinson, T.D. 1904. ‘The architecture’, in Atkinson et al. 25–69.Google Scholar
Atkinson, T.D., Bosanquet, R.C., Edgar, C.C., Evans, A.J., Hogarth, D.G., Mackenzie, D., Smith, C. and Welch, F.B. 1904. Excavations at Phylakopi in Melos (Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies Suppl. Paper 4; London).Google Scholar
Barber, R.L.N. 1974. ‘Phylakopi 1911 and the history of the later Cycladic Bronze Age’, BSA 69, 1–53.Google Scholar
Barber, R.L.N. 1978. ‘The Cyclades in the Middle Bronze Age’, in Doumas, C. (ed.), Thera and the Aegean World 1 (London), 367–79.Google Scholar
Barber, R.L.N. 1987. The Cyclades in the Bronze Age (London).Google Scholar
Barber, R.L.N. 1999. ‘Hostile Mycenaeans in the Cyclades’, in Laffineur, R. (ed.), Polemos: le contexte guerrier en Égée à l'Âge du Bronze (Aegaeum, 19; Liège and Austin), 133–40.Google Scholar
Barber, R.L.N. 2007. ‘The Middle Cycladic pottery’, in Renfrew et al. (eds), 181–238.Google Scholar
Bosanquet, R.C. 1904. ‘The wall-paintings’, in Atkinson et al. 70–79.Google Scholar
Bosanquet, R.C. and Welch, F.B. 1904. ‘The minor antiquities’, in Atkinson et al. 190–215.Google Scholar
Boyd, M.J., Brodie, N.J. and Sweetman, R.J. forthcoming. ‘Phylakopi on Milos: excavations, archives and the process of reinterpretation’.Google Scholar
Brodie, N.J., Boyd, M.J. and sweetman, R.J. 2008. ‘The settlement of south Phylakopi: a reassessment of Dawkins and Droop's 1911 excavations’, in Brodie, N.J., Doole, J., Gavalas, G. and Renfrew, R. (eds), Horizon: A Colloquium on the Prehistory of the Cyclades (Cambridge), 449–55.Google Scholar
Davis, J.L. and Cherry, J.F. 2007. ‘The Cycladic pottery from Late Bronze I levels’, in Renfrew et al. (eds), 265–306.Google Scholar
Dawkins, R.M. 1911. Pottery notebook. Original manuscript kept in the British School at Athens.Google Scholar
Dawkins, R.M. and Droop, J.P. 1911. ‘The excavations at Phylakopi in Melos’, BSA 17, 1–22.Google Scholar
Driessen, J. and Macdonald, C. 1997. The Troubled Island: Minoan Crete Before and After the Santorini Eruption (Aegaeum 17; Liège and Austin).Google Scholar
Edgar, C.C. 1898. ‘Excavations in Melos, 1898, 3. The pottery’, BSA 4, 37–48.Google Scholar
Edgar, C.C. 1904. ‘The pottery’, in Atkinson et al. 80–176.Google Scholar
Evans, A.J. 1903. ‘Knossos excvations 1903’, BSA 9, 1–153.Google Scholar
Hogarth, D.G. 1898. ‘Excavations in Melos, 1898, 1. The season's work’, BSA 4, 1–16.Google Scholar
Hogarth, D.G. 1904. ‘The excavation’, in Atkinson et al. 5–24.Google Scholar
Hood, S. 1978. The Arts in Prehistoric Greece (London).Google Scholar
Mackenzie, D. 1898. ‘Excavations in Melos, 1898, 2. The successive settlements’, BSA 4, 17–36.Google Scholar
Mackenzie, D. 1899. ‘Excavations in Melos, 1899’, BSA 5, 3–19.Google Scholar
Mackenzie, D. 1903. ‘The pottery of Knossos’, JHS 23, 157–205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackenzie, D. 1904. ‘The successive settlements at Phylakopi in their Aegeo-Cretan relations’, in Atkinson et al. 238–72.Google Scholar
Mackenzie, D. 1963. Daybook of the Excavations at Phylakopi in Melos 1896–1899, transcribed by C., Renfrew (Athens).Google Scholar
Momigliano, N. 1999. Duncan Mackenzie; A Cautious Canny Highlander and the Palace of Minos at Knossos (London).Google Scholar
Morgan, L. 2007. ‘The painted plasters and their relation to the wall paintings of the Pillar Crypt’, in Renfrew et al. (eds), 371–99.Google Scholar
Mountjoy, P.A. 2007. ‘The Mycenaean and Late Minoan I-II pottery’, in Renfrew et al. (eds), 307–70.Google Scholar
Renfrew, C. 1963. ‘Introduction’, in Mackenzie 1963, pp. iii-v.Google Scholar
Renfrew, C. 2007. ‘The development of the excavation and the stratigraphy of Phylakopi’, in Renfrew et al. (eds), 5–13.Google Scholar
Renfrew, C., Brodie, N., Morris, C. and Scarre, C. (eds) 2007. Excavations at Phylakopi in Melos 1974–77 (BSA supp. vol. 42; London).Google Scholar
Renfrew, C., Scarre, C., Whitelaw, T. and Brodie, N. 2007. ‘The excavated areas’, in Renfrew et al. (eds), 19–89.Google Scholar
Scholes, J. 1956. ‘The Cyclades in the Later Bronze Age: a synopsis’. BSA 51, 9–40.Google Scholar
Tzachili, I. 2005. ‘Excavations on Thera and Therasia in the 19th century: a chronicle’. Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, 18, 231–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, P.M. and Hankey, V. 1989. Aegean Bronze Age Chronology (Bristol).Google Scholar
Whitelaw, T. 2004. ‘The development of an island centre: urbanization at Phylakopi on Melos’, in Cherry, J., Scarre, C. and Shennan, S. (eds), Explaining Social Change: Studies in Honour of Colin Renfrew (Cambridge), 149–66.Google Scholar
Whitelaw, T. 2005. ‘A tale of three cities: chronology and minoanization at Phylakopi in Melos’, in Dakouri-Hild, A. and Sherratt, S. (eds), Autochthon. Papers presented to O. T. P K. Dickinson on the Occasion of his Retirement (BAR S1432; Oxford), 37–69.Google Scholar