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DEALING WITH THE CRISIS: MOBILITY OF AEGINETAN-TRADITION POTTERS AROUND 1200 BC

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2020

Bartłomiej Lis ,
Evangelia Kiriatzi ,
Anthi Batziou  and
Štěpán Rückl
Bartłomiej Lis*
Affiliation:
Fitch Laboratory, British School at Athens
Evangelia Kiriatzi
Affiliation:
Fitch Laboratory, British School at Athens
Anthi Batziou
Affiliation:
Ephorate of Antiquities of Magnesia
Štěpán Rückl
Affiliation:
Independent Researcher
*
[email protected]
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Abstract

This article investigates the final episodes of a long-lasting potting tradition that developed on Aegina during the Bronze Age. From c. 1400 bc, cooking pottery constituted the only class of that tradition that was still manufactured and exported in quantity. Detailed study of several settlement contexts from sites scattered along the Euboean and up to the Pagasetic Gulf dating to c. 1200 bc shows that pottery imported from Aegina became increasingly less available, whereas similar cooking pots produced in various non-Aeginetan fabrics appear at the same time. Macroscopic analysis of traces related to manufacture of such pots reveals that it followed the typical chaîne opératoire of the Aeginetan tradition, strongly suggesting that their appearance reflects technological transfer and, thus, could not be explained without taking mobility of potters into account. Following a comprehensive presentation of available evidence, we argue that potters trained in the context of the Aeginetan potting tradition produced cooking pottery in several locations along the Euboean Gulf and up to the modern city of Volos. By considering the socio-economic and political context of their activity, as well as the development of Aegina and its pottery production during the later stages of the Late Bronze Age, we are able to shed more light on potters’ motivations to move, as well as on the population and the time scale of this mobility phenomenon. It appears that it had two stages, characterised by itinerant activity followed by permanent relocation, and that it was relatively short-lived, as by c. 1150 bc Aeginetan-tradition potters become invisible in the archaeological record.

Αντιμέτωποι με την κρίση – Μετακινήσεις αγγειοπλαστών της Αιγινήτικης παράδοσης γύρω στα 1200 π.Χ.

Το άρθρο αυτό διερευνά τα τελευταία επεισόδια μιας μακρόχρονης παράδοσης αγγειοπλαστικής που αναπτύχθηκε στην Αίγινα κατά τη διάρκεια της εποχής του Χαλκού. Περίπου από το 1400 π.Χ. και μετά, τα μαγειρικά σκεύη αποτελούσαν τη μόνη κατηγορία προϊόντων αυτής της παράδοσης που εξακολουθούσαν να παράγονται και να εξάγονται σε σημαντικές ποσότητες. Η λεπτομερής μελέτη οικιστικών συνόλων από θέσεις στις ακτές του Ευβοϊκού και του Παγασητικού κόλπου, που χρονολογούνται γύρω στα 1200 π.Χ., δείχνει ότι η εισηγμένη από την Αίγινα κεραμική μειώνεται ολοένα και περισσότερο, ενώ παράλληλα εμφανίζονται παρόμοια μαγειρικά σκεύη που κατασκευάζονται με κεραμικές ύλες που δεν είναι Αιγινήτικες. Η μακροσκοπική ανάλυση κατασκευαστικών λεπτομερειών αυτών των αγγείων φανερώνει ότι η παραγωγή τους ενσωμάτωσε την τυπική «ακολουθία εγχειρημάτων» (chaîne opératoire) της Αιγινήτικης παράδοσης. Αυτό υποδηλώνει σαφώς ότι η εμφάνιση αυτών των αγγείων αντανακλά μεταφορά τεχνολογικής γνώσης και, έτσι, δεν μπορεί να εξηγηθεί παρά μόνο λόγω μετακίνησης αγγειοπλαστών. Με βάση τη συνολική θεώρηση των διαθέσιμων πληροφοριών, υποστηρίζουμε ότι αγγειοπλάστες που εκπαιδεύτηκαν στο πλαίσιο της Αιγινήτικης κεραμικής παράδοσης παρήγαγαν μαγειρικά σκεύη σε διάφορες τοποθεσίες κατά μήκος του Ευβοϊκού κόλπου και μέχρι την περιοχή της σύγχρονης πόλης του Βόλου. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη στοιχεία για το κοινωνικό-οικονομικό και πολιτικό πλαίσιο αυτής της δραστηριότητας, αλλά και την κατάσταση που φαίνεται να εξελίσσεται στην Αίγινα και σε σχέση με την αγγειοπλαστική παραγωγή στο νησί, επιχειρούμε να ρίξουμε φως στα κίνητρα για τη μετακίνηση των αγγειοπλαστών αλλά και στην πληθυσμιακή και χρονική κλίμακα του φαινομένου. Φαίνεται ότι το φαινόμενο εξελίχθηκε σε δύο φάσεις, που αφορούσαν την αρχική περιοδική μετακίνηση που ακολουθήθηκε από τη μόνιμη μετεγκατάσταση, και είχε σχετικά σύντομη διάρκεια καθώς μέχρι περίπου το 1150 π.Χ. οι αγγειοπλάστες της Αιγινήτικης παράδοσης γίνονται ‘αόρατοι’ στα αρχαιολογικά δεδομένα.

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Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 115 , December 2020 , pp. 269 - 327
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Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens, 2020

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