In re Rauter.

Abstract

Belligerent Occupation — Treatment of Civilian Population — Reprisals — Obligations of Civilian Population and Question of Legality of Occupation — Jurisdiction of National Courts over Foreign War Criminals — Geneva Convention of 1929 on Prisoners of War — Interpretation of — Preparatory Work — Capitulation of Netherlands Forces — Civil Resistance — Retroactive Effect of Criminal Law — State of Necessity — Superior Orders — German Occupation of Holland — Mass Deportations — Persecution of Jews — Slave Labour — Looting — Confiscation of Wireless Sets — Mass Arrest of Students — Reprisals against Relatives of Policemen — Collective Fines.