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Identité Urbaine et Classes Moyennes dans L'Angleterre Moderne

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2017

Jonathan Barry
Jonathan Barry*
Affiliation:
Université d'Exeter
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Extract

Cette étude se propose de remettre en question les idées couramment exprimées à propos de la nature de l'identité urbaine dans l'Angleterre moderne et surtout du rapport entre cette identité et l'identification des classes moyennes (middling sort). L'historiographie a souvent associé les deux concepts, ce qui n'a conduit qu'à négliger systématiquement le sujet. Une étude de l'historiographie permettra de proposer une critique de ces hypothèses enchevêtrées et constituera ce qui ne peut être, par la force des choses, que l'esquisse d'une perspective alternative.

Summary

Summary

This essay challenges the historiographical assumptions which have promoted a neglect of the closely related thems or urban identity and class identity in early modem England. It seeks to identify in bourgeois association a set of values and practices which were of crucial importance in defining the nature both of urban life and of the middling sort. Faced with the instabilities and pluralism of urban life and commercial society, class formation was a continuous process, determined less by relations with the social groups above and below the bourgeoisie, as normally assumed, but by the managment of urban living and relationships within the bourgeoisie. Through studying the nature of associations, and especially the dialectic they involve between equality and inequality, dependence and independence, we can begin to understand the collective character of bourgeois experience.

Type
Identités Urbaines
Information
Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales , Volume 48 , Issue 4 , August 1993 , pp. 853 - 883
Copyright
Copyright © Les Éditions de l’EHESS 1993

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References

* Middling sort est l'expression utilisée avant la révolution industrielle pour désigner les groupes sociaux intermédiaires entre l'élite aristocratique et le peuple. L'expression a par la suite été remplacée par celle de middle class. Nous la traduisons en français par classe moyenne. Je tiens à remercier Christopher Brooks, Sandra Cavallo, Colin Jones, John Triffitt qui m'ont aidé, au cours de discussions, à exprimer les idées exposées ici et tous ceux qui ont commenté les exposés présentés à l'Institute of Historical Research, à l'Université de St Andrews, à la Maison des Sciences de l'Hommes et au colloque de l'Economie and Social Research Council sur l'histoire urbaine à l'Université de Essex.

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