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Géographies de la mobilisation et territoires de la belligérance durant la Premiére Guerre mondiale

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Olivier Compagnon  and
Pierre Purseigle
Olivier Compagnon
Affiliation:
Université Sorbonne Nouvelle – Paris 3 Institut des hautes études de l’Amérique latine / CREDA – UMR 7227
Pierre Purseigle
Affiliation:
University of Warwick, Department of History Trinity College Dublin, Centre for War Studies
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Résumé

Prenant acte du fait que l’histoire globale de la Première Guerre mondiale n’en est encore qu’à ses balbutiements, cet article propose de « déseuropéaniser » l’historiographie du conflit en dépassant la dialectique des « centres » et des « périphéries » et en combinant les échelles spatiales de l’analyse. D’une part, il s’agit de déplacer le regard depuis les théâtres européens de la guerre vers des espaces communément considérés comme marginaux, mais dont l’éloignement de l’épicentre des combats n’empêcha pourtant pas qu’ils soient parcourus de tensions directement liées au conflit et qu’ils connaissent des mutations majeures entre 1914 et 1918. D’autre part, il convient également de placer la focale sur des objets de recherche tels que l’environnement, les ressources naturelles ou les diasporas, qui se prêtent particulièrement bien à des approches émancipées des cadres nationaux de la réflexion et permettent de restituer l’impact global de la Grande Guerre. De cette double démarche émergent ainsi les bases d’une nouvelle géographie des mobilisations et de la belligérance entre 1914 et 1918, susceptible de rendre compte du caractère authentiquement mondial que revêtit la Première Guerre mondiale et de la diversité des expériences vécues du conflit.

Abstract

Abstract

The global history of the First World War is still in its early stages. This article proposes to contribute to its development by “de-Europeanizing” the historiography of the conflict and suggesting some of the ways scholars can move beyond “centers” and “peripheries” to combine different spatial scales of analysis. First, it demonstrates the need to look beyond the European theatres of war and investigate battlefields hitherto deemed to be marginal: distance from—or the absence of—combat did not prevent the manifold impact and legacy of the war from being felt in many regions of the world. Second, it invites scholars to focus on elements such as the environment, natural resources, or diasporas, which make it possible to break out of a national framework of analysis and to do justice to the global impact of the Great War. This twofold approach underlines the value of a new geography of mobilization and belligerence that matches the diversity of experiences and the truly global dimensions of the First World War.

Type
Géographies de la Première Guerre mondiale
Information
Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales , Volume 71 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 37 - 63
Copyright
Copyright © Les Éditions de l’EHESS 2016

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