Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T06:39:00.941Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prion protein gene (PrP) polymorphisms in healthy sheep in Turkey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 June 2011

Y. Oner ,
K. Yesilbag ,
E. Tuncel  and
C. Elmaci
Y. Oner*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
K. Yesilbag
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
E. Tuncel
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
C. Elmaci
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) or prion disease, is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease in sheep and goats. This disease has been known in Europe for more than 250 years. Susceptibility to scrapie is associated with polymorphisms in the sheep prion protein gene (PrP) gene. In sheep, polymorphism in the PrP gene has been identified at a number of codons, and polymorphisms at codons 136, 154 and 171 have reported linkage with susceptibility to scrapie. Polymorphisms at the PrP locus were studied in 413 animals representing three native sheep breeds (Imroz, Chios and Kıvırcık) in Turkey. Genomic DNA was obtained from blood, and genotypes were screened using PCR and direct DNA sequencing. We report 17 genotypes derived from seven different alleles. The most frequent genotype in the Kıvırcık sheep is ARQ/ARQ, whereas the ARR/ARQ genotype is predominant in the Chios and Imroz breeds. In general, the ARQ haplotype was the predominant haplotype. ARQ haplotype was also predominant in the Kıvırcık and Chios sheep breeds, whereas the Imroz sheep predominantly had the ARR haplotype. The susceptibility-associated VRQ haplotype was found in 2.38%, 0.35% and 0.81% of the Imroz, Kıvırcık and Chios sheep, respectively. Moreover, seven additional polymorphisms have been detected at codons G127S, G127V, H143R, G145S, Y172D, N174Y and Q189L. Among these polymorphisms, the N174Y allele is a novel polymorphism, and the G145S allele is a novel allele for a known polymorphic locus.

Keywords

sheepscrapiePrPpolymorphismsusceptibility
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 5 , Issue 11 , 26 September 2011 , pp. 1728 - 1733
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Acín, C, Martín-Burriel, I, Goldmann, W, Lyahyai, J, Monzón, M, Bolea, R, Smith, A, Rodellar, C, Badiola, JJ, Zaragoza, P 2004. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected Spanish sheep. Journal of General Virology 85, 2103–2110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Acutis, PL, Martucci, F, Mazza, M, Peletto, S, Iulini, B, Corona, C, Bozzetta, E, Casalone, C, Caramelli, M 2006. A case of scrapie in a sheep carrying the lysine-171 allele of the prion protein gene. Archives of Virology 151, 1875–1880.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Álvarez, L, Barra, R, Arranz, JJ, San Primitivo, F 2007. Variabilidad en la region codificante del gen PRNP de la Raza ovina criolla negra “Chilota”. Retrieved November 5, 2010, from http://acteon.webs.upv.es/CONGRESOS/AIDA%202007/Alverez.pdf.Google Scholar
Belt, PB, Muileman, IH, Schreuder, BE, Bos-de Ruijter, J, Gielkens, AL, Smits, MA 1995. Identification of five allelic variants of the sheep PrP gene and their association with natural scrapie. Journal of General Virology 76, 509–517.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Billinis, C, Psychas, V, Leontides, L, Spyrou, V, Argyroudis, S, Vlemmas, I, Leontides, S, Sklaviadis, T, Papadopoulos, O 2004. Prion protein gene polymorphisms in healthy and scrapie-affected sheep in Greece. Journal of General Virology 85, 547–554.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cubric-Curic, V, Feligini, M, Ferencakovic, M, Dzidic, A, Salajpal, K, Ambriovic-Ristov, A, Cetkovic, H, Majhen, D, Curic, I 2009. Sequence polymorphism of PrP exon 3 gene in Istrian and crossbred sheep. Italian Journal of Animal Science 8, 86–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, M, Hoinville, LJ, Hosie, BD, Hunter, N 1998. Guidance on the use of PrP genotyping as an aid to the control of clinical scrapie. Veterinary Record 142, 623–625.Google Scholar
Drögemüller, C, Leeb, T, Distl, O 2001. PrP genotype frequencies in German breeding sheep and the potential to breed for resistance to scrapie. Veterinary Record 149, 349–352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gama, LT, Carolino, MI, Santos-Silva, MF, Pimenta, JA, Costa, MS 2006. Prion genetic polymorphisms and breeding strategies in Portuguese breeds of sheep. Livestock Science 99, 175–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldmann, W, Hunter, N, Smith, G, Foster, J, Hope, J 1994. PrP genotype and agent effects in scrapie: change in allelic interaction with different isolates of agent in sheep, a natural host of scrapie. Journal of General Virology 75, 989–995.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldmann, W, Baylis, M, Chihota, C, Stevenson, E, Hunter, N 2005. Frequencies of PrP gene haplotypes in British sheep flocks and the implications for breeding programmes. Journal of Applied Microbiology 98, 1294–1302.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldmann, W, Hunter, N, Foster, JD, Salbaum, JM, Beyreuther, K, Hope, J 1990. Two alleles of a neural protein gene linked to scrapie in sheep. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 87, 2476–2480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gombojav, A, Ishiguto, N, Horiuchi, M, Serjmyadag, D, Byambaa, B, Shinagawa, M 2003. Amino acid polymorphisms of PrP gene in Mongolian sheep. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Science 65, 75–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gonzalez, L, Martin, S, Begara-McGorum, I, Hunter, N, Houston, F, Simmons, M, Jeffrey, M 2002. Effects of agent strain and host genotype on PrP accumulation in the brain of sheep naturally and experimentally affected with scrapie. Journal of Comparative Pathology 126, 17–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gootwine, E, Abdulkhaliq, A, Jawasreh, KIZ, Valle Zárate, A 2008. Screening for polymorphism at the prion protein (PrP) locus (PRNP) in Awassi and Assaf populations in Israel, the Palastinian Authority and Jordan. Small Ruminant Research 77, 80–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heaton, MP, Leymaster, KA, Freking, BA, Hawk, DA, Smith, TPL, Keele, JW, Snelling, WM, Fox, JM, Chitko-McKown, CG, Laegreid, WW 2003. Prion gene sequence variation within diverse groups of US sheep, beef cattle, and deer. Mammalian Genome 14, 765–777.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hunter, N, Foster, JD, Goldmann, W, Stear, MJ, Hope, J, Bostock, C 1996. Natural scrapie in a closed flock of Cheviot sheep occurs only in specific PrP genotypes. Archives of Virology 141, 809–824.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, IY, Westaway, D, Smit, AFA, Wang, K, Seto, J, Chen, L, Acharya, C, Ankener, M, Baskin, D, Cooper, C, Yao, H, Prusiner, SB, Hood, LE 1998. Complete genomic sequence and analysis of the prion protein gene region from three mammalian species. Genome Research 8, 1022–1037.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lühken, G, Buschmann, A, Groschup, MH, Erhardt, G 2004. Prion protein allele A136H154Q171 is associated with high susceptibility to scrapie in purebred and crossbred German Merinoland sheep. Archives of Virology 149, 1571–1580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lühken, G, Lipskyi, S, Christina, P, Erhardt, G 2008. Prion protein polymorphism autochthonous European sheep breeds in respect to scrapie eradication in affected flocks. Small Ruminant Research 75, 43–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ponz, R, Tejedor, MT, Monteagudo, LV, Arruga, MV 2006. Scrapie resistance alleles are not associated with lower prolificity in Rasa Aragonesa. Research in Veterinary Science 81, 37–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Portela, C, Bouzada, JA, Prado, C, Areán, H, Fernández, M, López, M, Fernández, A, Viana, JL 2006. Genotipado del scrapie ovino: adaptación del método de Análisis para la identificacıón de nuevas variantes alélicas (Sheep genotyped for scrapie: adjustment of the analysis method for the identification of new allelic variants). XIV Congreso Internacional de la Federacion Mediterranea de Sanidad y Produccion de Ruminantes (FEMESPRUM). 12–15 de Julio 2006, Lugo-Santiago de Compostela - Espana.Google Scholar
Prusiner, SB 1991. Molecular biology of prion disease. Science 252, 1515–1522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scrapie-Advisory notes for farmers 2004. Defra Publications. Admail 6000, London.Google Scholar
Sipos, W, Kraus, M, Schmool, F, Achmann, R, Baumgartner, W 2002. PrP genotyping of Austrian sheep breeds. Journal of Veterinary Medicine A 49, 415–418.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thorgeirsdottir, S, Sigurdarson, S, Thorisson, HM, Georgsson, G, Palsdottir, A 1999. PrP gene polymorphism and natural scrapie in Icelandic sheep. Journal of General Virology 80, 2527–2534.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tranulis, MA 2002. Influence of the prion protein gene, Prnp, on scrapie susceptibility in sheep. Acta Pathologica. Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica 110, 33–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Un, C, Oztabak, K, Ozdemir, N, Akıs, I, Mengi, A 2008. Genotyping of PrP gene in native Turkish sheep breeds. Small Ruminant Research 74, 260–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaccari, G, Petraroli, R, Agrimi, U, Eleni, C, Perfetti, MG, Di Bari, MA, Morelli, L, Ligios, C, Busani, L, Nonno, R, Di Guardo, G 2001. PrP genotype in Sarda breed sheep and its relevance to scrapie. Archives of Virology 146, 2029–2037.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, Y, Qin, Z, Qiao, J, Zhao, D 2008. Polymorphisms of the prion protein gene in sheep of Inner Mongolia, China. Virus Genes 37, 128–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yeh, F, Yang, RC, Boyle, T 2000. Popgene (v. 1.32), Microsoft Windows-based freeware for population genetics analysis, http://www.ualberta.ca/~fyeh/Pop32.exe.Google Scholar