Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T23:02:58.589Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of phytase and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 inclusions on the performance, mineral balance and bone parameters of grower–finisher pigs fed low-phosphorus diets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2010

J. V. O’Doherty ,
D. A. Gahan ,
C. O’Shea ,
J. J. Callan  and
K. M. Pierce
J. V. O’Doherty*
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Lyons Research Farm, Newcastle, 6 Dublin, Ireland
D. A. Gahan
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Lyons Research Farm, Newcastle, 6 Dublin, Ireland
C. O’Shea
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Lyons Research Farm, Newcastle, 6 Dublin, Ireland
J. J. Callan
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Lyons Research Farm, Newcastle, 6 Dublin, Ireland
K. M. Pierce
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Lyons Research Farm, Newcastle, 6 Dublin, Ireland
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Two experiments, a performance experiment and a mineral balance study, were conducted on grower–finisher pigs (42 to 101 kg live weight) to investigate the effects of Peniophora lycii phytase enzyme and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD3) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient retention and excretion, and bone and blood parameters. The two experiments were designed as a 2 × 2 factorial (two levels of phytase and two levels of 25-OHD3). The four diets were T1, low-phosphorous diet; T2, T1 + phytase; T3, T1 + 25-OHD3 and T4, T1 + phytase + 25-OHD3 diet. In all, 25 μg of 25-OHD3 was used to replace 1000 IU of vitamin D3 in diets T3 and T4. Diets were pelleted (70°C) and formulated to contain similar concentrations of energy (13.8 MJ DE/kg), lysine (9.5 g/kg) and digestible phosphorus (P; 1.8 g/kg). Neither the inclusion of phytase nor 25-OHD3 in the diet had any effect on pig performance. There was an interaction between phytase and 25-OHD3 on calcium (Ca) and P retention (P < 0.01) and on the apparent digestibility of ash (P < 0.01), P (P < 0.001) and Ca (P < 0.001). Pigs offered phytase diets only, had a higher retention of Ca and P and digestibility of ash (P < 0.01), P (P < 0.001) and Ca (P < 0.01) compared with pigs offered unsupplemented diets. However, when the combination of phytase and 25-OHD3 were offered, no effects were detected compared with 25-OHD3 diets only. Pigs fed phytase diets had higher bone ash (P < 0.01), bone P (P < 0.01) and bone Ca (P < 0.05) concentrations compared with pigs offered non-phytase diets. In conclusion, pigs offered phytase diets had a significantly increased bone ash, Ca and P than pigs offered unsupplemented phytase diets. However, there was no advantage to offering a combination of phytase and 25-OHD3 on either bone strength or mineral status compared to offering these feed additives separately.

Keywords

phosphorusphytase25-hydroxyvitamin D3pigs
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 4 , Issue 10 , October 2010 , pp. 1634 - 1640
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Association of Official Analytical Chemists 1995. Official methods of analysis, 16th edition. AOAC, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
BASF 1991. Phytase: Intensity Facts about Natuphos®. Technical Report Series no. 29, BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany.Google Scholar
Biehl, RR, Baker, DH 1997. Utilization of phytate and nonphytate phosphorus in chicks as affected by source and amount of vitamin D3. Journal of Animal Science 75, 2986–2993.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Biehl, RR, Baker, DH, DeLuca, HF 1995. 1{alpha}-Hydroxylated cholecalciferol compounds act additively with microbial phytase to improve phosphorus, zinc and manganese utilization in chicks fed soy-based diets. The Journal of Nutrition 125, 2407–2416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biehl, RR, Baker, DH, DeLuca, HF 1998. Activity of various hydroxylated vitamin D3 analogs for improving phosphorus utilisation in chicks recieving diets adequate in vitamin D3. British Poultry Science 39, 408–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, SM, Callan, JJ, Cowan, D, McGrane, M, O’ Doherty, JV 2002. Effect of phytase inclusion and calcium/phosphorus ratio on the performance and nutrient retention of grower–finisher pigs fed barley/wheat/soya bean meal-based diets. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 82, 1780–1790.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brady, SM, Callan, JJ, Cowan, D, McGrane, M, O’ Doherty, JV 2003. Effect of two microbial phytases on the performance and nutrient retention on grower-finisher pigs fed barley-maize-soyabean meal-based diets. Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research 42, 101–117.Google Scholar
Bruce, JAM, Sundstøl, F 1995. The effect of microbial phytase in diets for pigs on apparent ileal and faecal digestibility, pH and flow of digesta measurements in growing pigs fed a high fibre diet. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 75, 121–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cavell, AJ 1955. The spectrophotometric determination of phosphorus in plant material. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 6, 479–480.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Close, WH 1994. Feeding new genotypes: establishing amino acid/energy requirements. In Principles of pig science (ed. DJA Cole, J Wiseman and MA Varley), pp. 123–140. Nottingham University Press, London.Google Scholar
Cromwell, GL, Hays, VW, Chaney, CH, Overfield, JA 1970. Effects of dietary phosphorus and calcium level on performance, bone mineralization and carcass characteristics of swine. Journal of Animal Science 30, 519–525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crenshaw, T 1996. Calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D and vitamin K in swine nutrition. In Swine nutrition (ed. A Lewis and LL Southern), pp. 187–212. CRC Press, New York, USA.Google Scholar
Department of Agriculture and Food 1994. European Communities (Pig Carcass Grading) (Amendment) Regulations. SI 216. Stationary Office, Dublin.Google Scholar
Edwards, HM 1993. Dietary 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol supplementation increases natural phytate phosphorus utilization in chickens. The Journal of Nutrition 123, 567–577.Google Scholar
Fiske, CH, Subbarow, Y 1925. The colorimeter determination of phosphorus. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 66, 375–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fritts, CA, Waldroup, PW 2003. Effect of source and level of vitamin D on live performance and bone development in growing broilers. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research 12, 45–52.Google Scholar
Jongbloed, AW, Morz, Z, Kemme, PA, Geerse, C, Van Der Honing, Y 1993. The effect of dietary calcium levels on microbial phytase efficacy in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 71 (suppl. 1), 166 (abstract).Google Scholar
Jørgensen, B 1995. Effect of different energy and protein levels on leg weakness and osteochondrosis in pigs. Livestock Production Science 41, 171–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lei, XG, Ku, PK, Miller, ER, Yokoyama, MT, Ullrey, DE 1993. Supplementing corn-soybean meal diets with microbial phytase maximizes phytate phosphorus utilization by weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science 71, 3368–3375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Li, D, Che, X, Wang, Y, Hong, C, Thacker, PA 1998. Effect of microbial phytase, Vitamin D3, and citric acid on growth performance and phosphorus, nitrogen and calcium digestibility in growing swine. Animal Feed Science and Technology 73, 173–186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maguire, RO, Sims, JT, McGrath, JM, Angel, CR 2003. Effect of phytase and Vitamin D metabolite (25OH-D3) in turkey diets on phosphorus solubility in manure amended soils. Soil Science 168, 421–433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mattila, P 1995. Analysis of cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol and their 25-hydroxylated metabolites in foods by HPLC, (dissertation), EKT-series 995. Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki.Google Scholar
Mitchell, RD, Edwards, HM 1996. Additive effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and phytase on phytate phosphorus utilization and related parameters in broiler chickens. Poultry Science 75, 111–119.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mc Donald, P, Edwards, RA, Greenhalgh, JFD, Morgan, CA 2002. Animal nutrition. Pearson Prentice Hall, Essex, London, UK.Google Scholar
Mohammed, A, Gibney, MJ, Taylor, TG 1991. The effects of dietary levels of inorganic phosphorus, calcium and cholecalciferol on the digestibility of phytate-P by the chick. The British Journal of Nutrition 66, 251–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Research Council (NRC) 1998. Nutritional requirements of swine, 10th edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
Ravindran, V, Bryden, WL, Kornegay, ET 1995. Phytates: occurrence, bioavailability and implications in poultry nutrition. Poultry and Avian Biology Reviews 6, 125–143.Google Scholar
Roberson, KD, Edwards, HM 1994. Effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and phytase on zinc utilization in broiler chicks. Poultry Science 73, 1312–1326.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sauvant, D, Perez, JM, Tran, G 2004. Tables of composition and nutritional value of feed materials. Pigs, poultry, cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits, horses, fish. Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Selle, PH, Ravindran, V 2008. Phytate-degrading enzymes in pig nutrition. Livestock Science 113, 99–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simons, PC, Versteegh, HA, Jongbloed, AW, Kemme, PA, Slump, P, Bos, KD, Wolters, MG, Beudeker, RF, Verschoor, GJ 1990. Improvement of phosphorus availability by microbial phytase in broilers and pigs. The British Journal of Nutrition 64, 525–540.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute 1985. Statistical analysis systems. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.Google Scholar
Stern, S, Lundeheim, N, Johansson, K, Andersson, K 1995. Osteochondrosis and leg weakness in pigs selected for lean tissue growth rate. Livestock Production Science 44, 45–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Soest, PJ, Robertson, JB, Lewis, BA 1991. Methods of dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74, 3583–3597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Veum, TL, Lui, J, Bollinger, DW, Ledoux, DR 1996. Replacing 0.1% of the inorganic phosphorus (iP) with microbial phytase in corn-soya bean diets and the effect on P digestibility by growing–finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 74 (suppl. 1), 185 (abstract).Google Scholar