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Effects of parity and periconceptional metabolic state of Holstein–Friesian dams on the glucose metabolism and conformation in their newborn calves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2014

P. Bossaert ,
E. Fransen ,
A. Langbeen ,
M. Stalpaert ,
I. Vandenbroeck ,
P. E. Bols  and
J. L. Leroy
P. Bossaert*
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical, Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
E. Fransen
Affiliation:
StatUa Center for Statistics, University of Antwerp, Prinsstraat 13, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
A. Langbeen
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical, Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
M. Stalpaert
Affiliation:
AML. Emiel Vloorsstraat 9, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
I. Vandenbroeck
Affiliation:
Hooibeekhoeve, Hooibeeksedijk 1, 2440 Geel, Belgium
P. E. Bols
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical, Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
J. L. Leroy
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical, Pharmaceutical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
*
† E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The metabolic state of pregnant mammals influences the offspring’s development and risk of metabolic disease in postnatal life. The metabolic state in a lactating dairy cow differs immensely from that in a non-lactating heifer around the time of conception, but consequences for their calves are poorly understood. The hypothesis of this study was that differences in metabolic state between non-lactating heifers and lactating cows during early pregnancy would affect insulin-dependent glucose metabolism and development in their neonatal calves. Using a mixed linear model, concentrations of glucose, IGF-I and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) were compared between 13 non-lactating heifers and 16 high-yielding dairy cows in repeated blood samples obtained during the 1st month after successful insemination. Calves born from these dams were weighed and measured at birth, and subjected to intravenous glucose and insulin challenges between 7 and 14 days of age. Eight estimators of insulin-dependent glucose metabolism were determined: glucose and insulin peak concentration, area under the curve and elimination rate after glucose challenge, glucose reduction rate after insulin challenge, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. Effects of dam parity and calf sex on the metabolic and developmental traits were analysed in a two-way ANOVA. Compared with heifers, cows displayed lower glucose and IGF-I and higher NEFA concentrations during the 1st month after conception. However, these differences did not affect developmental traits and glucose homeostasis in their calves: birth weight, withers height, heart girth, and responses to glucose and insulin challenges in the calves were unaffected by their dam’s parity. In conclusion, differences in the metabolic state of heifers and cows during early gestation under field conditions could not be related to their offspring’s development and glucose homeostasis.

Keywords

dairy cowenergy balancepregnancyglucose metabolism
Type
Full Paper
Information
animal , Volume 8 , Issue 6 , June 2014 , pp. 975 - 981
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2014 

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