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Effects of isovalerate supplements on morphology and functional gene expression of rumen mucosa in pre- and post-weaning dairy calves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 August 2017

Q. Liu ,
C. Wang ,
G. Guo ,
W. J. Huo ,
Y. L. Zhang ,
C. X. Pei ,
S. L. Zhang  and
H. Wang
Q. Liu*
Affiliation:
College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
C. Wang
Affiliation:
College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
G. Guo
Affiliation:
College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
W. J. Huo
Affiliation:
College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
Y. L. Zhang
Affiliation:
College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
C. X. Pei
Affiliation:
College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
S. L. Zhang
Affiliation:
College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicines, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
H. Wang
Affiliation:
Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Yuci County, Yuci 030600, Shanxi Province, P.R. China
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Isovalerate supplements could stimulate rumen development by improving morphology and function of rumen mucosa, and then promote the growth of calves. This study was done to evaluate the effects of isovalerate supplements on morphology and functional gene expression of rumen mucosa in dairy calves. In total, 48 Chinese Holstein male calves with 15 days of age and 45.1±0.36 kg of BW were randomly assigned to four groups. The treatments were: control, low-isovalerate, moderate-isovalerate and high-isovalerate with 0, 3, 6 and 9 g isovalerate per calf per day, respectively. Supplementary isovalerate was hand-mixed into milk in pre-weaning calves and into concentrate portion in post-weaning calves. The study consisted of a 15-day-adaptation period and a 60-day-sampling period. Calves were weaned at 60 days of age. Three calves were slaughtered from each of the four treatments at 30, 60 and 90 days of age. The weight of body and stomach were measured, samples of ruminal tissues and blood were analyzed. Total stomach weight, total stomach to BW ratio, rumen wall and keratinized layer thickness, serum growth hormone and IGF-1 for both pre- and post-weaning calves increased linearly with increasing isovalerate supplements. Rumen to total stomach weight ratio, the length and width of rumen papillae, and serum β-hydroxybutyrate increased linearly for post-weaning calves. However, abomasum weight to total stomach weight ratio decreased linearly for both pre- and post-weaning calves. The relative messenger RNA expression for growth hormone receptor, IGF-1 receptor and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 in rumen mucosa increased linearly for post-weaning calves. Our results suggested that isovalerate supplements promoted rumen development in a dose-dependent manner. The optimum dose was 6.0 g isovalerate per calf per day.

Keywords

isovaleraterumen developmentmorphologyfunctional genedairy calves
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 12 , Issue 3 , March 2018 , pp. 491 - 500
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2017 

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