Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T02:41:35.624Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of heat stress and feeding phosphorus levels on pig electron transport chain gene expression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 September 2013

M. M. D. C. A. Weller ,
L. Alebrante ,
P. H. R. F. Campos ,
A. Saraiva ,
B. A. N. Silva ,
J. L. Donzele ,
R. F. M. Oliveira ,
F. F. Silva ,
E. Gasparino  and
P. S. Lopes
...Show all authors
M. M. D. C. A. Weller
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science/Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
L. Alebrante
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science/Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
P. H. R. F. Campos
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science/Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
A. Saraiva
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science/Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
B. A. N. Silva
Affiliation:
IPG, Institute for Pig Genetics B.V., PO Box 43, 6640 AA Beuningen, The Netherlands
J. L. Donzele
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science/Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
R. F. M. Oliveira
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science/Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
F. F. Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Statistic, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
E. Gasparino
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, 87508-210 Maringa, PR, Brazil
P. S. Lopes
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science/Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
S. E. F. Guimarães*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science/Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature and different levels of available phosphorus (aP) on the expression of nine genes encoding electron transport chain proteins in the Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of pigs. Two trials were carried out using 48 high-lean growth pigs from two different growth phases: from 15 to 30 kg (phase 1) and from 30 to 60 kg (phase 2). Pigs from growth phase 1 were fed with three different levels of dietary aP (0.107%, 0.321% or 0.535%) and submitted either to a thermoneutral (24°C and RH at 76%) or to a heat stress (34°C and RH at 70%) environment. Pigs from growth phase 2 were fed with three different levels of dietary aP (0.116%, 0.306% or 0.496%) and submitted either to a thermoneutral (22ºC and RH at 77%) or to a heat stress (32ºC and RH at 73%) environment. Heat stress decreased (P<0.001) average daily feed intake at both growth phases. At 24°C, pigs in phase 1 fed the 0.321% aP diet had greater average daily gain and feed conversion (P<0.05) than those fed the 0.107% or 0.535% while, at 34°C pigs fed the 0.535% aP had the best performance (P<0.05). Pigs from phase 2 fed the 0.306% aP had best performance in both thermal environments. Gene expression profile was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Irrespective of growing phase, the expression of six genes was lower (P<0.05) at high temperature than at thermoneutrality. The lower expression of these genes under high temperatures evidences the effects of heat stress by decreasing oxidative metabolism, through adaptive physiological mechanisms in order to reduce heat production. In pigs from phase 1, six genes were differentially expressed across aP levels (P<0.05) in the thermoneutral and one gene in the heat stress. In pigs from phase 2, two genes were differentially expressed across aP levels (P<0.05) in both thermal environments. These data revealed strong evidence that phosphorus and thermal environments are key factors to regulate oxidative phosphorylation with direct implications on animal performance.

Keywords

nutrigenomicsoxidative phosphorylationpig productionheat stress and animal productionphosphorous levels for pig nutrition
Type
Physiology and functional biology of systems
Information
animal , Volume 7 , Issue 12 , December 2013 , pp. 1985 - 1993
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alebrante, L, Donzele, JL, Oliveira, RFM, Saraiva, A, Guimarães, SEF and Ferreira, AS 2011a. Available phosphorus levels in diets for pigs with high genetic potential for lean meat kept in thermoneutral environment from 15 to 30 kg. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 40, 323–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alebrante, L, Donzele, JL, Oliveira, RFM, Saraiva, A, Guimarães, SEF and Ferreira, AS 2011b. Available phosphorus levels in diets for pigs with high genetic potential for lean meat kept in hot environment from 15 to 30 kg. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 40, 2725–2731.Google Scholar
Alexander, LS, Qu, A, Cutler, SA, Mahajan, A, Lonergan, SM, Rothschild, MF, Weber, TE, Kerr, BJ and Stahl, CH 2008. Response to dietary phosphorus deficiency is affected by genetic background in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 86, 2538–2595.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Archer, JA, Richardson, EC, Herd, RM and Arthur, PF 1999. Potential for selection to improve efficiency of feed use in beef cattle: review. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, 147–161.Google Scholar
Bose, S, French, S, Evans, FJ, Joubert, F and Balaban, RS 2003. Metabolic network control of oxidative phosphorylation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 278, 39155–39165.Google Scholar
Bottje, W, Iqbal, M, Tang, ZX, Cawthon, D, Okimoto, R, Wing, T and Cooper, M 2002. Association of mitochondrial function with feed efficiency within a single genetic line of male broilers. Poultry Science 81, 546–555.Google Scholar
Bottje, WG and Carstens, GE 2009. Association of mitochondrial function and feed efficiency in poultry and livestock species. Journal of Animal Science 87, E48–E63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brandt, U 2006. Energy converting NADH: quinone oxidoreductase (complex I). Annual Review of Biochemistry 75, 69–92.Google Scholar
Byrne, KA, Wang, YH, Lehnert, SA, Harper, GS, Mc Willian, SM, Bruce, HL and Reverter, A 2005. Gene expression profiling of muscle tissue in Brahman steers during nutritional restriction. Journal Dairy Science 72, 767–783.Google Scholar
Carper, DA, Sun, JK, Iwata, T, Sigler, JS Jr, Ibaraki, N, Lin, LR and Reddy, V 1999. Oxidative stress induces differential gene expression in human lens epithelial cell line. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 40, 400–406.Google Scholar
Castro-Bulle, FCP, Paulino, PV, Sanches, AC and Sainz, RD 2007. Growth, carcass quality, protein and energy metabolism in beef cattle with different growth potentials and residual feed intakes. Journal of Animal Science 85, 928–936.Google Scholar
Coffey, RD, Parker, GR and Laurent, KM 2000. Feeding growing-finishing pigs to maximize lean grow rate. University of Kentucky. College of Agriculture. Retrieved September 15, 2011, from http://www.animalgenome.org/edu/PIH/prod_grow_finish.pdf.Google Scholar
Collin, A, Lebreton, Y, Fillaut, M, Vicent, A, Thomas, F and Herpin, P 2001a. Effects of exposure to high temperature and feeding level on regional blood flow and oxidative capacity of tissue in piglets. Experimental Physiology 86, 83–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Collin, A, van Milgen, J, Dubois, S and Noblet, J 2001b. Effect of high temperature on feeding behavior and heat production in group-housed young pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 86, 63–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Costa, N, Mc Gillivray, C, Bai, Q, Wood, JD, Evans, G and Chang, K-C 2004. Resctrition of dietary energy and protein induces molecular changes in young porcine skeletal muscles. Journal of Nutrition 134, 2191–2199.Google Scholar
Fernández, JA 1995. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism in growing pigs. III. A model resolution. Livestock Production Science 41, 255–261.Google Scholar
Hendricks, LJ, Moughan, P 1993. Whole-body mineral composition of entire male and female pig proteins at maximal rates. Livestock Production Science 33, 161–170.Google Scholar
Hittmeier, LJ, Grapes, L, Lensing, RL, Rothschild, MF and Stahl, CH 2006. Genetic background influences metabolic response to dietary phosphorus restriction. Journal Nutrition of Biochemistry 17, 385–395.Google Scholar
Iqbal, M, Pumford, NR, Tang, ZX, Lassiter, K, Wing, T, Cooper, M and Bottje, W 2004. Low feed efficient broilers within a single genetic line exhibit higher oxidative stress and protein expression in breast muscle with lower mitochondrial complex activity. Poultry Science 83, 474–484.Google Scholar
Kerr, BJ, Yen, JT, Nienaber, JA and Easter, RA 2003. Influences of dietary protein level amino acid supplementation and environmental temperature on performance, body composition, organ weights and total heat production of growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 81, 1998–2007.Google Scholar
Lin, C-S, Sun, Y-L, Liu, C-Y, Yang, P-C, Chang, L-C, Cheng, I-C, Mao, SJT and Huang, M-C 1999. Complete sequence of pig (Sus scrofa) mitochondrial genome and dating evolutionary divergence within Artidactyla. Gene 236, 107–114.Google Scholar
Livak, KJ and Shmittgen, TD 2001. Analysis of relative expression data using real time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCt method. Methods 25, 402–408.Google Scholar
Nagley, P 1988. Eukaryote membrane genetics: the Fo sector of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Trends in Genetics 4, 46–52.Google Scholar
Nicol, CJM and Johnston, IA 1981. Energy metabolism of fast and slow-twitch skeletal muscle in the rat thyroid hormone induces changes. Journal of Comparative Physiology 142, 465–472.Google Scholar
Quiniou, N, Dubois, S and Noblet, J 2000. Voluntary feed intake and feeding behaviour of group-housed growing pigs are affected by ambient temperature and body weight. Livestock Production Science 63, 245–253.Google Scholar
Renaudeau, D, Gourdine, JL St and Pierre, NR 2011. A meta-analysis of effects of high temperature on growth performance of growing-finishing pigs. Journal Animal Science 89, 2220–2230.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Renaudeau, D, Collin, A, Yahav, A, Basilio, V, Gourdine, JL and Collier, RJ 2012. Adaptation to hot climate and strategies to alleviate heat stress in livestock production. Animal 6, 707–728.Google Scholar
Rinaldo, D and Dividich, JLe 1991. Effects of warm exposure on adipose tissue and muscle metabolism in growing pigs. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 100, 995–1002.Google Scholar
Rodrigues-Zavala, JS, Pardo, JP and Moreno-Sánchez, R 2000. Modulation of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex by inorganic phosphate, Mg2+, and other effectors. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 379, 78–84.Google Scholar
Rostagno, HS, Albino, LFT, Donzele, JL, Gomes, PC, Oliveira, RFM, Lopes, DC, Ferreira, AS and Barreto, SLT 2005. Brazilian tables for poultry and swine: composition of feedstuffs and nutritional requirements, 2nd edition. Department of Animal Science, Viçosa Federal University, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.Google Scholar
Saraiva, A, Donzele, JL, Oliveira, RFM, Abreu, MLT, Silva, FCO and Santos, FA 2009. Available phosphorus levels in diets for swine from 15-30 kg genetically selected for meat deposition. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 38, 307–313.Google Scholar
Scheffler, IE 1999. Mitochondria. John Wiley & Liss Inc., New York, USA.Google Scholar
Stahly, TS, Lutz, TR and Clayton, RD 2000. Dietary available phosphorus needs of high lean pigs fed from 9 to 119 kg body weight. ISU Swine Research. Iowa State University extension. Retrieved December 20, 2010, from http://www.ipic.iastate.edu/reports/00swinereports/asl-655.pdf.Google Scholar
Stahly, TS 2007. Nutrient needs for high lean pigs. Manitoba agriculture food and rural initiatives. Retrived December 22, 2010, from http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/livestock/pork/bab10s13.html.Google Scholar
Steibel, JP, Poletto, R, Coussens, PM and Rosa, GJM 2009. A powerful and flexible linear mixed model framework for the analysis of relative quantification RT-PCR data. Genomics 94, 146–152.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swanson, KS, Schook, LB and Fahey, GC 2003. Nutritional genomics: implications for companion animals. Journal of Nutrition 133, 3003–3040.Google Scholar
Yu, AC, Tian, H, Zhang, L, Deng, K, Shenoy, SK, Yu, L, Xia, D, Kim, H and Deisenhofer, J 1999. Structural basis of multifunctional bovine mitochondrial cytochrome bc1 complex. Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes 31, 191–199.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Weller Supplementary Material

Table S.1

Download Weller Supplementary Material(File)
File 262.7 KB