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Comparison of cloned and non-cloned Holstein heifers in muscle contractile and metabolic characteristics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 October 2008

C. Jurie*
Affiliation:
INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Centre de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France
B. Picard
Affiliation:
INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Centre de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France
Y. Heyman
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1198, Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352 Jouy en Josas, France
I. Cassar-Malek
Affiliation:
INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Centre de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France
P. Chavatte-Palmer
Affiliation:
INRA, UMR1198, Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352 Jouy en Josas, France
C. Richard
Affiliation:
INRA, Domaine expérimental de Bressonvilliers, F-91630 Leudeville, France
J. F. Hocquette
Affiliation:
INRA, UR1213 Herbivores, Centre de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, F-63122 Saint Genès Champanelle, France
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Abstract

Muscle contractile and metabolic characteristics were studied on nine cloned and eight non-cloned (control) heifers. The animals were submitted to repeated biopsies of the semitendinosus (ST) muscle at the ages of 8, 12, 18 and 24 months. The contractile type was determined from the proportion of the different myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms separated by electrophoresis. Glycolytic metabolism was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and oxidative metabolism was assessed by isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), cytochrome-c oxidase (COX) and β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) activities. In cloned heifers at 8 months of age, there was a greater proportion of MyHC I (slow oxidative isoform) and MyHC IIa (fast oxido-glycolytic isoform), a lower proportion of MyHC IIx (fast glycolytic isoform), greater COX and HAD activity and a lower LDH/ICDH ratio compared with control heifers. Thus, young cloned heifers had slower muscle types associated with a more oxidative muscular metabolism than control heifers. From 12 months of age onwards, no significant differences were observed between cloned and control heifers. A delay in muscle differentiation and maturation in cloned heifers is hypothesised and discussed.

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Full Paper
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2008

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