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Blood and tissue fatty acid compositions, lipoprotein levels, performance and meat flavor of broilers fed fish oil: changes in the pre- and post-withdrawal design

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2012

N. Aghaei ,
A. Safamehr ,
Y. Mehmannavaz  and
S. Chekaniazar
N. Aghaei*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
A. Safamehr
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
Y. Mehmannavaz
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
S. Chekaniazar
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25700 Aziziye, Erzurum, Turkey
*
E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Administration of fish oil (FO) in broiler diets can elevate α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) levels, which are protective against cardiovascular disease. However, optimization based solely on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) enrichment in chicken meat could lead to lower meat quality, unless the withdrawal period (plan) is applied for 1 week. The present study investigated whether the incorporation of FO in the diet for 32 days followed by its withdrawal for 1 week affected blood lipid profiles, lipoprotein particles, performance and meat flavor in male broiler chickens. Two hundred and forty birds (1-day-old, Ross 308) were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary groups: 0%, 1%, 2% or 3% FO with four replicates. Broilers were fed for 49 days according to a 4-phase feeding program. The experimental phase comprised day 11 to 42, and FO was removed on day 42. Blood samples were collected during the pre- and post-withdrawal period after the recordings before slaughter. The FO groups demonstrated decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increased high-density lipoprotein levels on day 42 (P < 0.01); however, these values were not significant after design withdrawal. Diet supplementation with FO elevated the blood levels of palmitic acid (C16:0) and n-3 PUFAs, especially long-chain (LC) PUFAs (EPA, C20:5n-3 and DHA, C22:6n-3), and caused a decline in the level of arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4n-6; P < 0.05). Application of a one-week withdrawal period resulted in a decrease in (P < 0.05) linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and an increase in the level of AA, unlike their amounts on day 42. Although blood and tissue LC n-3 PUFA levels on day 49 were significantly higher in the FO groups compared with the control, they demonstrated a substantial decrease on day 49 compared with day 42. The best results, mainly the lowest n-6/n-3 fatty acids (FAs) and feed conversion ratio (FCRs), were observed for 3% FO (group T4), even after institution of the withdrawal design. Degradation of total n-3 FAs deposited in tissues occurred after instituting the withdrawal plan diet, but deposited levels of EPA and DHA in tissues could ensure omega-3 enrichment of broiler meat in groups 3 and 4. On the basis of the dissatisfaction of the panelists toward group 4 meats (scored as near to acceptable) and their satisfaction with cooked samples of T3 (scored as good), group 3 meats were selected as good-quality n-3-enriched broiler meat.

Keywords

fish oil withdrawal planblood and tissue fatty acidlipoproteinsmeat qualitybroiler performance
Type
Product quality, human health and well-being
Information
animal , Volume 6 , Issue 12 , December 2012 , pp. 2031 - 2040
Copyright
Copyright © The Animal Consortium 2012

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