Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T12:25:30.243Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Productive performance, meat quality and fatty acid profile of steers finished in confinement or supplemented at pasture

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2015

H. O. Patino ,
F. S. Medeiros ,
C. H. Pereira ,
K. C. Swanson  and
C. McManus
H. O. Patino
Affiliation:
Departamento de Pós Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS; Av. Bento Gonçalves, 7712, CEP 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS), Brazil
F. S. Medeiros
Affiliation:
Brazilian Angus Association, General Manager of Certified Angus Beef (Largo Viasconde Cairú, 12, CEP 90030-110, Porto Alegre, RS), Brazil
C. H. Pereira*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Pós Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS; Av. Bento Gonçalves, 7712, CEP 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS), Brazil Department of Animal Science, North Dakota State University (NDSU Dept 7630 PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND), USA
K. C. Swanson
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, North Dakota State University (NDSU Dept 7630 PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND), USA
C. McManus
Affiliation:
Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília (UnB; Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF), Brazil
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Thirty Aberdeen Angus crossbred steers (281±16 kg) were used to test the effect of finishing feeding system on growth performance, meat quality and fatty acid (FA) profile in intramuscular fat. Steers were fed in confinement (forage:concentrate ratio of 50 : 50; DM basis) or with different levels of energy supplementation (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2% BW) at pasture (Avena strigosa Schreb and Lolium multiflorum L.). There were no differences between treatments for ADG (average=1.60 kg/day), hot carcass weight (HCW) (average=229 kg) and subcutaneous fat depth (average=3 mm). Dressing % (P=0.06; tendency) and carcass ADG (P=0.02) linearly increased with level of supplementation for pasture steers. No differences were observed between treatments for tenderness, marbling, pH, color b*, or cooking loss and drip loss in samples of Longissimus dorsi. However L* increased linearly (P=0.05) with level of supplementation. The concentrations of myristic, palmitic, estearic and linoleic FA did not differ among treatments. The concentration of n-3 FA increased (P<0.001) in steers at pasture compared with confinement, but n-6 FA concentrations did not differ between feeding system. Supplementation up to 0.4% BW increase (P<0.001) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and linolenic FA concentrations in intramuscular fat when compared with confinement. The level of supplementation on pasture linearly decreased (P<0.001) n-3 and CLA and linearly increased (P=0.001) the n-6 : n-3 ratio. Finishing of steers grazing winter pasture with energy supplementation or in confinement fed a medium-concentrate diet did not affect meat quality (tenderness, marbling, parameter b* on the CIE L*a*b* scale, cooking and drip losses) except for a* and L*. However, intramuscular fat of animals finished at pasture with moderate level of supplementation compared to animals fed in confinement had greater concentration of CLA, linolenic, and n-3, and lower n-6 : n-3 in intramuscular fat.

Keywords

Confinementpasturebeef qualityn-3CLA
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 9 , Issue 6 , June 2015 , pp. 966 - 972
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alfaia, CPM, Alves, SP, Martins, SIV, Costa, ASH, Fontes, CMGA, Lemos, JPC, Bessa, RJB and Prates, JAM 2009. Effect of the feeding system on intramuscular fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid isomers of beef cattle, with emphasis on their nutritional value and discriminatory ability. Food Chemistry 114, 939–946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists 1995. Official methods of analysis vol. 2, 18th edition AOAC, Arlington, VA, USA.Google Scholar
Bidner, TD, Schupp, N R, Mohamad, AB, Rumore, NC, Montgomery, RE, Bagley, CP and Mc Millin, KW 1986. Acceptability of beef from Angus-Hereford or Angus-Hereford-Brahman steers finished on all forage or a high energy diet. Journal of Animal Science 62, 381–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blanco, M, Casasu, SI, Ripoll, G, Panea, B, Albertı, P and Joy, M 2010. Lucerne grazing compared with concentrate-feeding slightly modifies carcass and meat quality of young bulls. Meat Science 84, 545–552.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bruce, HL, Stark, JL and Beilken, SL 2004. The effects of finishing diet and postmortem ageing on the eating quality of the M. longissimus thoracic of electrically stimulated Brahman steers carcasses. Meat Science 67, 261–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christie, WW 1982. A simple procedure for rapid transmethylation of glycerolipids and cholesteryl esters. Journal of Lipid Research 23, 1072–1075.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Freitas, AK, Lobato, JFP, Cardoso, LL, Tarouco, JU, Vieira, RM, Dillenburg, DR and Castro, I 2014. Nutritional composition of the meat of Hereford and Braford steers finished on pastures or in a feedlot in southern Brazil. Meat Science 96, 353–360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duckett, SK, Neel, JPS, Lewis, RM, Fontenot, JP and Clapham, WM 2013. Effects of forage species or concentrate finishing on animal performance, carcass and meat quality. Journal of Animal Science 91, 1454–1467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duynisveld, JL, Charmley, E and Mir, P 2006. Meat quality and fatty acid composition of pasture-finished beef steers fed barley and soybeans. Canadian Journal of Animal Science 86, 535–545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fincham, JR, Fontenot, JP, Swecker, WS, Herbein, JH, Neel, JP, Scaglia, G, Clapham, WM and Notter, DR 2009. Fatty acid metabolism and deposition in subcutaneous adipose tissue of pasture- and feedlot-finished cattle. Journal of Animal Science 87, 3259–3277.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
French, R, O’Riordan, EG, Monahan, FJ, Caffrey, PJ and Moloney, AP 2003. Fatty acid composition of intramuscular triacylglycerols of steers fed autumn grass and concentrates. Livestock Production Science 81, 307–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, P, O’Riordan, EGO, Monahan, FJ, Caffrey, PJ, Mooney, MT, Troy, DJ and Moloney, AP 2001. The eating quality of meat of steers fed grass and/or concentrates. Meat Science 57, 379–386.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garcia, PT, Pensel, NA, Sancho, AM, Latimori, NJ, Kloster, AM, Amigone, MA and Casal, JJ 2008. Beef lipids in relation to animal breed and nutrition in Argentina. Meat Science 79, 500–508.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
GrazFeed 2007. Vn 4.2. Australia. Retrieved January 31, 2014, from http://www.grazplan.csiro.au/ Google Scholar
Guerrero, A, Sañudo, C, Albertí, P, Ripoll, G, Campo, MM, Olleta, JL, Panea, B, Khliji, S and Santolaria, P 2013. Effect of production system before the finishing period on carcass, meat and fat qualities of beef. Animal 7, 63–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hara, A and Radin, NS 1978. Lipid extraciton of tissues with low-toxicity solvent. Analytical Biochemistry 90, 420–426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodgson, J 1990. Grazing management: science into practice. Longman Scientific and Technial, New York. 203pp.Google Scholar
Klinglman, DL, Miles, SR and Mott, GO 1943. The cage method for determining consumption and yield of pasture herbage. Journal Society of Agronomy 35, 739–746.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lorenzo, JM, Crecente, S, Franco, D, Sarriés, MV and Gómez, M 2014. The effect of livestock production system and concentrate level on carcass traits and meat quality of foals slaughtered at 18 months of age. Animal 8, 494–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mancini, RA and Hunt, EMC 2005. Current research in meat color. Meat Science 71, 100–121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
NRC 1996. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. National Academy Press, Washington.Google Scholar
Nuernberg, K, Dannenberger, D, Nuernberg, G, Ender, K, Voigt, J, Scollan, ND, Wood, J D, Nute, GR and Richardson, RI 2005. Effects of a grass-based and a concentrate feeding system on meat quality characteristics and fatty acid composition of longissimus muscle in different cattle breeds. Livestock Production Science 94, 137–147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phillip, LE, Oresanya, T and Jacques, JST 2007. Fatty acid profile, carcass traits and growth rate of red deer fed diets varying in the ratio of concentrate:dried and pelleted roughage, and raised for venison production. Small Ruminant Research 71, 215–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poulson, CS, Dhimana, T.R, Urea, AR, Cornforth, D and Olsona, KC 2004. Conjugated linoleic acid content of beef from cattle fed diets containing high grain, CLA, or raised on forages. Livestock Production Science 91, 117–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Realini, CE, Duckett, SK, Brito, GW, Dalla Rizza, M and Mattos, D 2004. Effect of pasture vs. concentrate feeding with or without antioxidants on carcass characteristics, fatty acid composition, and quality of Uruguayan beef. Meat Science 66, 567–577.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rearte, D and Pieroni, GA 2001. Supplementation of Temperate Pastures. Proceedings of the 19th International Grassland. Congress, February 2001, SP, Brazil.Google Scholar
Roberts, SD, Kerth, CR, Braden, KW Jr, Rankins, DL, Kriese-Anderson, L and Prevatt, JW 2009. Finishing steers on winter annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam) with varied levels of corn supplementation: effects on animal performance, carcass traits, and forage quality. Journal of Animal Science 87, 2690–2699.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sampaio, IBM, Pike, DJ and Owen, E 1985. Optimal design for studying dry matter degradation in the rumen. Arquivos Brasileiros de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia 47, 373–383.Google Scholar
Schmid, A, Collomb, M, Sieber, R and Bee, G 2006. Conjugated linoleic acid in meat and meat products. A review. Meat Science 73, 29–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simopoulos, AP 2008. The importance of the omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio in cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. Experimental Biology and Medicine 233, 674–688.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Simopoulos, AP, Leaf, A and Salem, N 1999. Essentiality and recommended dietary intakes for omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 43, 127–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Statistical Analysis System 1999. SAS/STAT user guide: statistics. Version 9.2, Cary (CD ROM).Google Scholar
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1999. Official United States Standards for grades of carcass beef. Agric. Marketing Serv. USDA, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ and Robertson, JB 1985. Analysis of forages and fibrous foods: a laboratory manual for animal science 613. Cornell University, Ithaca, USA.Google Scholar
Van Soest, PJ, Wine, RH and Moore, LA 1966. Estimation of the true digestibility of forages by the in vitro digestion of cell walls. Proceedings of 10th International Grassland Congress, Helsinki, Finland, pp. 438–441.Google Scholar
Wheeler, TL, Cundiff, LV and Koch, RM 1994. Effect of marbling degree on beef palatability in Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle. Journal of animal Science 72, 3145–3151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed