Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T08:12:54.887Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pedigree analysis of the Turkish Arab horse population: structure, inbreeding and genetic variability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 February 2017

S. Duru
S. Duru*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Uludag, PO Box 16059, Görükle, Bursa, Turkey
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variability in the Turkish Arab horse population using pedigree information. This study is the first detailed pedigree analysis of the breed in Turkey. Pedigree data were collected from the National Studbook. The pedigree data for 23 668 horses, born between 1904 and 2014, were used in the analysis. From this data set, a reference population (RP) of 14 838 animals symbolising the last generation was defined. Demographic parameters, the inbreeding level (F), the average relatedness (AR), the effective population size (Ne), the effective number of founders (fe), the effective number of ancestors (fa) and the number of founder genome equivalents (fg) were calculated for the population. The average generation interval for the RP was 12.2±4.6 years, whereas the calculated pedigree completeness levels were 98.2%, 96.6% and 95.0% for the first, second and third known generations. The mean equivalent generations (t), the average complete generations and the mean maximum generations for the RP were 7.8, 5.4 and 12.2, respectively, whereas the mean F and AR were 4.6% and 9.5% for the RP. The rate of inbred animals was 94.2% for the RP, whereas the number of founders, the number of ancestors and the fe, fa and fg were 342, 223, 40, 22 and 9.6 for the RP. The large differences observed between fe, and the number of founders demonstrates that genetic diversity decreased between the founder and the RP. Contribution of the 14 most influential founder to the RP was 50.0%, whereas just eight ancestral horses can account for 50% of the genetic variability. Ne estimated via an individual increase in inbreeding per generation ( $$ \hskip3pt{\bar{\hskip-2ptN}_{{\rm e}} } $$ ), and paired increase in coancestry $$\left(\! \hskip3pt{\bar{\hskip-2ptN}_{{ eC}} } \right)$$ , were 74.4±3.9 and 73.5±0.58, respectively. The inbreeding increases with the pedigree knowledge. In addition, the decrease in inbreeding in last years is more noticeable.

Keywords

Turkish Arab horsepedigree analysisinbreedinggenetic diversityeffective population size
Type
Research Article
Information
animal , Volume 11 , Issue 9 , September 2017 , pp. 1449 - 1456
Copyright
© The Animal Consortium 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Álvarez, J, Royo, LJ, Pérez-Pardal, L, Fernández, I, Payeras, L and Goyache, F 2010. Assessing losses of genetic variability in the endangered Mallorqui horse. Czech Journal of Animal Science 55, 456–462.Google Scholar
Bartolomé, E, Cervantes, I, Valera, M and Gutiérrez, JP 2011. Influence of foreign breeds on the genetic structure of the Spanish Sport Horse population. Livestock Science 142, 70–79.Google Scholar
Boichard, D, Maignel, L and Verrier, É 1997. The value of using probabilities of gene origin to measure genetic variability in a population. Genetics Selection Evolution 29, 5–23.Google Scholar
Bokor, Á, Jonas, D, Ducro, B, Nagy, I, Bokor, J and Szabari, M 2013. Pedigree analysis of the Hungarian Thoroughbred population. Livestock Science 151, 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caballero, A and Toro, MA 2000. Interrelations between effective population size and other pedigree tools for the management of conserved populations. Genetical Research 75, 331–343.Google Scholar
Cervantes, I, Goyache, F, Molina, A, Valera, M and Gutiérrez, JP 2008a. Application of individual increase in inbreeding to estimate effective sizes from real pedigrees. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 125, 301–310.Google Scholar
Cervantes, I, Molina, A, Goyarche, F, Gutiérrez, JP and Valera, M 2008b. Population history and genetic variability in the Spanish Arab horse assessed via pedigree analysis. Livestock Science 113, 24–33.Google Scholar
Cervantes, I, Goyache, F, Molina, A, Valera, M and Gutiérrez, JP 2011. Estimation of effective population size from the rate of coancestry in pedigreed populations. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 128, 56–63.Google Scholar
Druml, T, Baumung, R and Sölkner, J 2009. Pedigree analysis in the Austrian Noriker draught horse: genetic diversity and the impact of breeding for coat colour on population structure. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 126, 348–356.Google Scholar
Falconer, DS and Mackay, FC 1996. Introduction to quantitative genetics, 4th edition. Longman Group Ltd, Edinburgh, UK.Google Scholar
FAO 1992. The management of global animal genetic resource. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, 263 pp. Retrieved on 25 August 2016 from http://agtr.ilri.cgiar.org/documents/Library/docs/RedBook104.pdf.Google Scholar
Głażewska, I and Jezierski, T 2004. Pedigree analysis of Polish Arabian horses based on founder contributions. Livestock Production Science 90, 293–298.Google Scholar
Goyache, F, Gutiérrez, JP and Cervantes, I 2013. Comments on: Methods to estimate effective population size using pedigree data: examples in dog, sheep, cattle and horse. Genetics Selection Evolution 45, 1. Retrieved on 21 June 2016 from http://gsejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1297-9686-45-1/comment.Google Scholar
Goyache, F, Gutiérrez, JP, Fernández, I, Gómez, E, Álvarez, I, Díez, J and Royo, LJ 2003. Using pedigree information to monitor genetic variability of endangered populations: the Xalda sheep breed of Asturias as an example. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 120, 95–105.Google Scholar
Gutiérrez, JP, Altarriba, J, Díaz, C, Quintanilla, R, Cañón, J and Piedrafita, J 2003. Pedigree analysis of eight Spanish beef cattle breeds. Genetic Selection Evolution 35, 43–64.Google Scholar
Gutiérrez, JP, Cervantes, I, Molina, A, Valera, M and Goyache, F 2008. Individual increase in inbreeding allows estimating effective sizes from pedigrees. Genetics Selection Evolution 40, 359–378.Google Scholar
Gutiérrez, JP and Goyache, F 2005. A note on ENDOG: a computer program for analysing pedigree information. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 122, 172–176.Google Scholar
Gutiérrez, JP, Marmi, J, Goyache, F and Jordana, J 2005. Pedigree information reveals moderate to high levels of inbreeding and a week population structure in the endangered Catalonian donkey breed. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 122, 378–386.Google Scholar
Hamann, H and Distl, O 2008. Genetic variability in Hanoverian warmblood horses using pedigree analysis. Journal of Animal Science 86, 1503–1513.Google Scholar
James, JW 1977. A note on selection differentials and generation length when generations overlap. Animal Production 24, 109–112.Google Scholar
Lacy, RC 1989. Analysis of founder representation in pedigrees: founder equivalent and founder genome equivalents. Zoo Biology 8, 111–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leroy, G, Mary-Huard, T, Verrier, E, Danvy, S, Charvolin, E and Danchin-Burge, C 2013. Methods to estimate effective population size using pedigree data: examples in dog, sheep, cattle and horse. Genetics Selection Evolution 45, 1.Google Scholar
Maciel, FC, Bertoli, CD, Braccini, NJ, Cobuci, JA, Paiva, SA and McManus, C 2014. Population structure and genealogical analysis of the Brazilian Creole horse. Animal Genetic Resources 42, 1–11.Google Scholar
Malécot, G 1948. Les Mathématiques de l’Hérédite. Masson et Cie, Paris, France.Google Scholar
McManus, C, Santos, SA, Dallago, BSL, Paiva, SR, Martins, RFS, Braccini, NJ, Marques, PR and Abreu, UGP 2013. Evaluation of conservation program for the Pantaneiro horse in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 42, 404–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Medeiros, BR, Bertoli, CD, Garbade, P and McManus, CM 2014. Brazilian Sport horse: pedigree analysis of the Brasileiro de Hipismo breed. Italian Journal of Animal Science 13, 657–664.Google Scholar
Pjontek, J, Kadlečík, O, Kasarda, R and Horný, M 2012. Pedigree analysis in four Slovak endangered horse breeds. Czech Journal of Animal Science 57, 54–64.Google Scholar
Schurink, A, Arts, DJG and Ducro, BJ 2012. Genetic diversity in the Dutch harness horse population using pedigree analysis. Livestock Science 143, 270–277.Google Scholar
Siderits, M, Baumung, R and Fuerst-Waltl, B 2013. Pedigree analysis in the German Paint horse: genetic variability and the influence of pedigree quality. Livestock Science 151, 152–157.Google Scholar
Stephens, TD and Splan, RK 2013. Population history and genetic variability of the American Shire horse. Animal Genetic Resources 52, 31–38.Google Scholar
Teegen, R, Edel, C and Thaller, G 2009. Population structure of the Trakehner horse breed. Animal 3, 6–15.Google Scholar
Valera, M, Molina, A, Gutiérrez, JP, Gómez, J and Meuwissen, F 2005. Pedigree analysis in the Andalusian horse: population structure, genetic variability and influence of the Carthusian strain. Livestock Production Science 95, 57–66.Google Scholar
Vicente, AA, Carolino, N and Gama, LT 2012. Genetic diversity in the Lusitano horse breed assessed by pedigree analysis. Livestock Science 148, 16–25.Google Scholar
WAHO 2014. The Turkish Arabian Stud Book, 1997. The World Arabian Horse Organization (WAHO). Retrieved on 15 December 2014 from http://www.waho.org/TurkeyRp.html.Google Scholar
Wright, S 1931. Evolution in Mendelian populations. Genetics 16, 97–159.Google Scholar
Zechner, P, Sölkner, J, Bodo, I, Druml, T, Baumung, R, Achmann, R, Marti, E, Habe, F and Brem, G 2002. Analysis of diversity and population structure in the Lipizzan horse breed based on the pedigree information. Livestock Production Science 77, 137–146.Google Scholar