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A modified HET–CAM approach for biocompatibility testing of medical devices

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2023

C Eder ,
E Falkner ,
M Mickel ,
C Chiari-Grisar ,
H Appl ,
H Schöffl ,
S Nehrer  and
UM Losert
C Eder*
Affiliation:
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Austria zet — Centre for Alternative and Complementary Methods to Animal Testing, Linz, Austria
E Falkner
Affiliation:
zet — Centre for Alternative and Complementary Methods to Animal Testing, Linz, Austria Core Unit for Biomedical Research, Medical University Vienna, Austria
M Mickel
Affiliation:
Karl Landsteiner Institute for Applied Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
C Chiari-Grisar
Affiliation:
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Austria
H Appl
Affiliation:
zet — Centre for Alternative and Complementary Methods to Animal Testing, Linz, Austria
H Schöffl
Affiliation:
zet — Centre for Alternative and Complementary Methods to Animal Testing, Linz, Austria
S Nehrer
Affiliation:
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Austria
UM Losert
Affiliation:
Core Unit for Biomedical Research, Medical University Vienna, Austria
*
* Contact for correspondence and requests for reprints: [email protected]
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Abstract

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The implantation of new biomedical devices into living animals without any previous toxicity or biocompatibility evaluation is possible under current legislation. The HET–CAM (Hen Egg Test–Chorionallantoic Membrane) test offers a partially immunodeficient, borderline in vitro/in vivo test system that allows the simulation of transplantation experiments to obtain biocompatibility data prior to animal testing. A collagen type I/III scaffold, designed for tissue regeneration, was tested for angiogenetic properties and biocompatibility patterns. A significant angiogenetic stimulus caused by the collagen scaffold material was observed. Altering biocompatibility patterns by incubation with the potentially hazardous chemicals acridine orange and ethidium bromide led to severe vessel thrombosis and a foreign body tissue response. CAM testing of biomaterials and tissue engineered products allows selection of the most suitable biomaterial and the elimination of unsuitable materials from animal experiments, leading to a refinement of testing procedures and a reduction in the number of animals required for biocompatibility testing.

Keywords

animal welfarebiocompatibility testingchorionallantoic membraneHET–CAM testThree Rstissue engineering
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Welfare , Volume 14 , Issue 4 , November 2005 , pp. 297 - 302
Copyright
© 2005 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare

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