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The effects of rearing conditions on grooming and play behaviour in captive chimpanzees

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 January 2023

JE Martin
JE Martin*
Affiliation:
Bolton Primate Research Team, Psychology and Life Sciences, Bolton Institute, Deane Road, Bolton BL3 5AB, UK
*
Present address: Moulton College, Moulton, Northampton NN3 7RR, UK; e-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

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The effects of maternal and peer separation during infancy and juvenescence on adolescent and adult chimpanzee behaviour were studied. The aim was to provide an insight into the social development of the species and to investigate human influence on this process. Forty-three adolescent and adult chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), from a variety of backgrounds, were studied at five zoos in the UK. Details of play and grooming interactions were recorded. Competence at initiating, maintaining and contributing to play and grooming interactions was assessed. It was predicted that, regardless of their present environment, captive chimpanzees that were reared without their mother would be less competent and complex in these social abilities than mother-reared chimpanzees. Results indicated that the chimpanzees' social skills showed few detrimental effects of maternal separation. Nevertheless, individuals that had been human-reared demonstrated more unsuccessful initiations of social interactions and fewer polyadic grooming interactions than their mother-reared peers. Therefore, rearing background may have only a limited effect on adult chimpanzees' social competence. Adult chimpanzees that were hand-reared or nursery-reared may be exhibiting a recovery of their social skills, or they may be unaffected by their rearing background; alternatively, the effects of rearing may have been masked by more significant factors, such as current management.

Keywords

animal welfarechimpanzeesearly experiencegroomingplayrearing
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Welfare , Volume 14 , Issue 2: The Three Rs: past, present and future , May 2005 , pp. 125 - 133
Copyright
© 2005 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare

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