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Behaviour and performance of pigs finished on deep bedding with wood shavings or rice husks in summer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2023

MJ Hötzel ,
EJC Lopes ,
PAV de Oliveira  and
AL Guidoni
MJ Hötzel*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Etologia Aplicada, Departamento de Zootecnia e Desenvolvimento Rural, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga, 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis 88.034-001, SC, Brazil
EJC Lopes
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Etologia Aplicada, Departamento de Zootecnia e Desenvolvimento Rural, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Rodovia Admar Gonzaga, 1346, Itacorubi, Florianópolis 88.034-001, SC, Brazil
PAV de Oliveira
Affiliation:
Embrapa Suínos e Aves, BR 153, km 110, CEP 88700-000, Concórdia, SC, Brazil
AL Guidoni
Affiliation:
Embrapa Suínos e Aves, BR 153, km 110, CEP 88700-000, Concórdia, SC, Brazil
*
* Contact for correspondence and requests for reprints: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Concern that excessive temperatures arising from substrate fermentation could have a deleterious effect on voluntary feed intake and weight gain, especially during the hottest times of the year, might be a barrier to the widespread adoption of deep-bedding systems for pig production in Brazil. The aim of this study was to compare the behaviour and performance of pigs reared on deep bedding with two different substrates, wood shavings and rice husks, or in barren, part-slatted, concrete-floored pens (n = 4 pens per treatment), from 60 days of age through to slaughter, during the summer months in Santa Catarina, southwest Brazil. Floor and pigs’ skin temperatures were 2.2 and 3.9% higher, respectively, in the pens with bedding than with concrete flooring; these differences resulted in modest, non-significant effects on performance and meat quality. Certain elements of the behaviour of pigs reared with bedding, such as increased play activity and substrate manipulation and less peer-directed behaviours, indicated improved welfare compared to pigs reared in concrete-floored pens. Performance and meat quality were similar in bedded pens with either wood shavings or rice husks. In both bedding substrates, the animals spent more time lying or standing on the beds than on the concrete platforms, where the feed and the water troughs were located, despite the higher temperature in the substrate compared to the concrete platform; suggesting that such temperature differences were not relevant for the thermal comfort of the animals. These results indicate that both substrates, abundant and readily available in the region, are suitable bedding materials for pigs.

Keywords

animal welfareenrichmenthousingperformanceredirected behavioursrooting material
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Welfare , Volume 18 , Issue 1 , February 2009 , pp. 65 - 71
Copyright
© 2009 Universities Federation for Animal Welfare

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