Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T05:30:33.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Use of empirical models that describe the response of lactating dairy cattle to varying ratios of silage to concentrate as described in terms of metabolizable energy intake: the prediction of milk yield and its constituents from a combination of two empirical models

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

V. B. Woods*
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Institute of Northern Ireland, Hillsborough, Co. Down BT26 6DR, UK
D. J. Kilpatrick
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland and The Queen's University of Belfast BT9 5PX, UK
F. J. Gordon
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Institute of Northern Ireland, Hillsborough, Co. Down BT26 6DR, UK Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland and The Queen's University of Belfast BT9 5PX, UK
*
Get access

Abstract

Grass silage constitutes a major proportion of the food offered to high producing dairy cows in the western regions of the European Union. In order to achieve optimal milk yield and quality from high genetic merit dairy cows, it is common practice to offer concentrates in addition to grass silage at feeding. The aim of the current study was to combine two existing empirical models in order to allow prediction of the response in milk production to offering varying ratios of grass silage and concentrates to high genetic merit dairy cows, allowing for the fact that grass silage quality can vary. Results have demonstrated that it is possible to predict, with reasonable precision, the milk production response to various combinations of grass silage and concentrates in the diet. This will facilitate investigation of production and economic responses of offering increased levels of concentrates in the diet on milk yield, milk quality and milk value.

Type
Ruminant nutrition, behaviour and production
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2004

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agnew, R. E., Gordon, F. J. , Kilpatrick, D. J.., Yan, T. and Porter, M. G. 1999. The effect of incremental changes in metabolisable energy intake on the partitioning of metabolisable energy in dairy cows. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science, 1999, p. 31.Google Scholar
Agricultural and Food Research Council. 1993. Energy and protein requirements of ruminants. An advisory manual prepared by the AFRC Technical Committee on Responses to Nutrients. CAB International, Wallingford.Google Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. 1966. The feeding of dairy cows for optimal production. The George Scott Robertson Memorial Lecture, Queen's University. M. Boyd, Belfast.Google Scholar
Ferris, C. P., Gordon, F. J. , Patterson, D. C., Kilpatrick, D. J.., Mayne, C. S. and McCoy, M. A. 2001a. The response of dairy cows of high genetic merit to increasing proportion of concentrate in the diet with a high and medium feed value silage. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 136: 319329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferris, C. P., Patterson, D. C., Gordon, F. J. and Kilpatrick, D. J.. 2001b. The effect of concentrate feed level on the response of lactating dairy cows to a constant proportion of fodder beet inclusion in a grass silage based diet. Grass and Forage Science 58:1727.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gill, M. S. and Kaushal, J. R. 1996. Feeding of grass silage to dairy cows with special reference to supplementation. journal of Dairying, Foods and Home Science 15:143163.Google Scholar
Jensen, E., Klein, J. W., Rauchenstein, E., Woodward, T. E. and Smith, R. H. 1942. Input-output relationships in milk production. Technical bulletin no. 815, USDA, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Kassem, M. M., Thomas, P. C., Chamberlain, D. G. and Robertson, S. 1987. Silage intake and milk production in cows given barley supplements of reduced ruminal degradability. Grass and Forage Science 42:175183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirkland, R. M. and Gordon, F. J. 2001. The effects of milk yield and stage of lactation on the partitioning of nutrients in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 84:233240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McNamee, B. F., Woods, V. B., Kilpatrick, D. J.. and Gordon, F. J. 2002. Prediction of the intake potential of grass silage in the supplemented diets of lactating dairy cows. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science, 2002, p. 109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poole, D. A. 1987. Flat v. step feeding of medium or high levels of concentrates for dairy cows. Animal Production 45: 335344.Google Scholar
Steen, R. W. J., Gordon, F. J. , Dawson, L. E. R., Park, R. S., Mayne, C. S., Agnew, R. E., Kilpatrick, D. J.. and Porter, M. G. 1998. Factors affecting the intake of grass silage by cattle and prediction of silage intake. Animal Science 66:115127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, W. and Leaver, J. D. 1986. Systems of concentrate allocation for dairy cattle. 4. Comparison of two amounts and two patterns of allocation. Animal Production 43:1726.Google Scholar
Thomas, C., Aston, K., Daley, S. R. and Bass, J. 1986. Milk production from silage. 4. The effect of the composition of the supplement. Animal Production 42: 315325.Google Scholar
Thomas, P. C., Chamberlain, D. G., Martin, P. A. and Robertson, S. 1987. Dietary energy intake and milk yield and composition in dairy cows. In Energy metabolism of farm animals (ed. P. W. Moe, H. F. Tyrrell and P. J. Reynolds), European Association for Animal Production publication no. 32, pp. 1821. Rowman Littlefield, Totowa, New Jersey.Google Scholar
Woods, V. B., Kilpatrick, D. J. and Gordon, F. J. 2003. Development of empirical models to describe the response in lactating dairy cattle to changes in nutrient intake. Livestock Production Science 80:229239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar