Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T05:17:53.009Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

On the variation of urinary excretion of creatinine and purine derivatives in pregnant and lactating ewes given diets with different protein contents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

C. Dapoza ,
C. Castrillo ,
J. Balcells ,
S. Martín-Orúe  and
J. A. Guada
C. Dapoza
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
C. Castrillo*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
J. Balcells
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
S. Martín-Orúe
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
J. A. Guada
Affiliation:
Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Zaragoza, Miguel Servet, 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Get access

Abstract

The effect of the physiological state and dietary protein level on urinary excretion of creatinine (C) and purine derivatives (PD) was studied in two experiments carried out with pregnant and lactating ewes to evaluate whether the PD/C ratio in urine can he confidently used as an index of PD excretion. In both experiments ewes were given ammonia-treated straw and concentrates including different levels of fish meal and the excretion in urine and milk and the plasma concentration of C, allantoin (AL), xanthine, hypoxanthine and uric acid was measured.

Creatinine excretion (in urine and milk) was higher in pregnant ewes than in those lactating (492 and 420 (s.e. 10.0) μmol/kg maternal live weight0.75) and no significant differences were found due to number of foetuses and dietary protein level. The coefficient of variation was 0·10 in both pregnancy and lactation and individual variation accounted for proportionately 0·78 and 0·93 of total variation. The AL/C ratio in urine was highly correlated with daily AL excretion (r = 0·90 and 0·78 in pregnant and lactating ewes, respectively). Changes in PD excretion with experimental treatments were mainly reflected in AL, as the main component (0-83) of total PD. Most of the variation in AL excretion was explained by differences in rumen fermentable organic matter intake (RFOMI) (R2 = 0·79) and AL excretion did not differ between treatments when expressed per kg of RFOMI. In contrast to this the ratio AL/digestible organic matter intake decreased with increasing levels of fish meal in the diet. Urinary PD excretion was better related to estimated PD kidney tubular load (r = 0·76) than to PD plasma concentration (r = 0·64).

The results suggest that creatinine excretion is scarcely affected by the number of foetuses in pregnancy and dietary protein level but if the AL/С in urine is used instead of total collection as an index of purines absorbed in the duodenum, differences in urinary creatinine excretion due to physiological state must be accounted for.

Keywords

creatinineeweslactationpregnancypurines
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 68 , Issue 3 , April 1999 , pp. 555 - 566
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agricultural and Food Research Council. 1993. Energy and protein requirements of ruminants. An advisory manual prepared by the AFRC Technical Committee on Responses to Nutrients. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.Google Scholar
Agricultural Research Council. 1980. The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough.Google Scholar
Agricultural Research Council. 1984. The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock, supplement no. 1. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Slough.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1980. Official methods of analysis, 13th edition. George Banta Co., Wisconsin.Google Scholar
Balcells, J., Fondevila, M., Guada, J. A., Castrillo, C. and Surra, J. C.E. 1993. Urinary excretions of purine derivatives and nitrogen in sheep given straw supplemented with different sources of carbohydrates. Animal Production 57: 287–292.Google Scholar
Balcells, J., Guada, J. A., Castrillo, C. and Gasa, J. 1991. Urinary excretion of allantoin and allantoin precursors by sheep after different rates of purine infusion into the duodenum. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 116: 309–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balcells, J., Guada, J. A., Peirő, J. M. and Parker, D. S. 1992. Simultaneous determination of allantoin and oxypurines in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography 575: 153–157.Google Scholar
Bickhardt, K. and Duengelhoef, R. 1994. Clinical examination of renal function in sheep. I. Methods and reference values of healthy animals. Deutsche Tier aer ztliche Xachenschrift 101: 463–466.Google Scholar
Brody, S. 1945. In Bioenergetics and growth. Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York.Google Scholar
Chen, X,B. Chen, Y. K., Franklin, M. F., Ørskov, E. R. and Shand, W. J. 1992a. The effect of feed intake and body weight on purine derivative excretion and microbial protein supply in sheep. Journal of Animal Science 70: 1534–1542.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, X.B., Grubic, G., Ørskov, E. R. and Osuji, P. 1992b. Effect of feeding frequency on diurnal variation in plasma and urinary purine derivatives in steers. Animal Production 55: 185–191.Google Scholar
Chen, X.B., Hoveli, F. D.DeB., Ørskov, E. R. and Brown, D. S. 1990. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: effect of exogenous nucleic acid supply on purine derivative excretion by sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 63: 131–142.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, X. В., Kyle, D. J., Ørskov, E. R. and Hoveli, F. D. DeB. 1991. Renal clearance of plasma allantoin in sheep. Experimental Physiology 76: 59–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, X.B., Mejia, A.T., Kyle, D. J. and Ørskov, E. R. 1995. Evaluation of the use of the purine derivative: creatinine ratio in spot urine and plasma samples as an index of microbial protein supply in ruminants: studies in sheep. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 125: 137–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, R. T., Robinson, J. J., McDonald, I. and Smart, R. 1980. Effects of body fatness at lambing and diet in lactation on body tissue loss, feed intake and milk yield of ewes in early lactation. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 95: 497–514.Google Scholar
Crim, M.C, Calloway, D. H. and Margen, S. 1976. Creatine metabolism in men: creatine pool size and turnover in relation to creatine intake. Journal of Nutrition 106: 371–381.Google Scholar
Devorak, A. 1981. Creatine as an indicator of net muscle proteins. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 32: 1033–1036.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faichney, G. J. and Welch, R. J. 1994. Renal excretion of allantoin and creatinine by Merino sheep selected for higher clean fleece weight. Proceedings of the Society of Nutrition Physiology 3: 113.Google Scholar
Faichney, G. J., Welch, R. J. and Brown, G. H. 1995. Prediction of the excretion of allantoin and total purine derivatives by sheep from the creatinine coefficient. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 125: 425–428.Google Scholar
Geenty, K. G. and Sykes, A. R. 1986. Effect of herbage allowance during pregnancy and lactation on feed intake, milk production, body composition and energy utilisation of ewes at pasture. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 106: 351–367.Google Scholar
Giesecke, D., Balsliemker, J., Südekum, K. H. and Stangassinger, M. 1993. Plasma level, clearance and renal excretion of endogenous and ruminai purines in the bovine. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 70: 180–189.Google Scholar
Giraldez, F. J. 1992. La excreción urinaria de catabolitos en la orina de la oveja en relación con las variaciones dietéticas en los aportes de energía y nitrógeno. Ph.D. thesis, University of Leon.Google Scholar
Goering, H. K. and Van Soest, P. J. 1970. Forage fiber analysis (apparatus, reagents, procedures and some applications). Agricultural handbook no. 379, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Guyton, A. C. 1988. Embarazo y lactancia. In Tratado de fisiologia medica, pp. 982. McGraw-Hill-lnteramericana de España, Madrid.Google Scholar
Hoveli, F. D.DeB., Ørskov, E. R., Kyle, D. J. and MacLeod, N. A. 1987. Undernutrition in sheep. Nitrogen repletion by N-depleted sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 57: 77–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoveli, F. D.DeB., Ørskov, E. R., MacLeod, N. A. and McDonald, I. 1983. The effect of changes in the amount of energy infused as volatile fatty acids on the nitrogen retention and creatinine excretion of lambs wholly nourished by intragastric infusion. British Journal of Nutrition 50: 331–343.Google Scholar
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique. 1988. Alimentation des bovins, ovins et caprins (ed. Jarrige, R.), pp. 370. INRA, Paris.Google Scholar
Leng, L., Szanyiova, M., Faix, S. and Cirio, A. 1994. Renal response of sheep fed a low protein diet to intraportal infusion of arginine and glycine. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 108A: 343–347.Google Scholar
Lindberg, J. E. 1985. Urinary allantoin excretion and digestible organic matter intake in dairy goats. Swedish Journal of Agricultural Research 15: 31–37.Google Scholar
Lindberg, J. E. 1991. Nitrogen and purine metabolism in preruminant and ruminant goat kids given increasing amounts of ribonucleic acids. Animal Feed Science and Technology 35: 213–226.Google Scholar
Lindberg, J. E. and Jacobsson, K.-G. 1990. Nitrogen and purine metabolism at varying energy and protein supplies in sheep sustained on intragastric infusion. British Journal of Nutrition 64: 359–370.Google Scholar
McAllan, A. B. and Smith, R. H. 1973. Degradation of nucleic acid derivatives by rumen bacteria in vitro. British Journal of Nutrition 29: 467–474.Google Scholar
Martín-Orúe, S. M., Dapoza, C., Balcells, J. and Castrillo, C. 1996. Purine derivatives excretion in lactating ewes fed straw diets with different levels of fish meal. Animal Feed Science and Technology 63: 341–346.Google Scholar
Ørskov, E. R. and McDonald, J. 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from adjusted rates of passage. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 92: 499–503.Google Scholar
Ørskov, E. R. and MacLeod, N. A. 1982. The determination of the minimal nitrogen excretion in steers and dairy cows and its physiological and practical implications. British Journal of Nutrition 47: 625–635.Google Scholar
Pérez, J. F., Balcells, J., Guada, J. A. and Castrillo, C. 1996a. Determination of rumen microbial-nitrogen production in sheep: a comparison of urinary purine excretion with methods using 15N and purine bases as markers of microbial-nitrogen entering the duodenum. British Journal of Nutrition 75: 699–709.Google Scholar
Pérez, J. F., Balcells, J., Guada, J. A. and Castrillo, C. 1997. Rumen microbial production estimated either from urinary purine derivative excretion or from direct measurements of 15N and purine bases as microbial markers: effect of protein source and rumen bacteria isolates. Animal Science 65: 225–236.Google Scholar
Pérez, J. F., Rodríguez, C. A., González, J., Balcells, J. and Guada, J. A. 1996b. Contribution of dietary purine bases to duodenal digesta in sheep. In situ studies of purine degradability corrected for microbial contamination. Animal Feed Science and Technology 62: 251–262.Google Scholar
Rattray, P. V., Trigg, T. E. and Urlich, C. F. 1980. Energy exchanges in twin-pregnant ewes. In Energy metabolism (ed. Mount, L. E.). Butterworths, London.Google Scholar
Rosskopf, R., Rainer, H. and Giesecke, D. 1991. Purine and pyrimidine metabolites for the evaluation of rumen metabolism: HPLC analysis in milk and blood plasma. Archives of Animal Nutrition 41: 411–426.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1988. SAS/STAT user’s guide, version 6. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Surra, J., Guada, J. A., Balcells, J. and Castrillo, C. 1997. Renal and salivary clearance of purine derivatives in sheep. Animal Science 65: 83–91.Google Scholar
Susmel, P., Stefanon, B.., Plazzotta, E., Spanghero, M. and Mills, C. R. 1994. The effect of energy and protein intake on the excretion of purine derivatives. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 123: 257–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uden, P., Colucci, P. E. and Van Soest, P. J. 1980. Investigation of chromium, cerium and cobalt as markers of digesta rate of passage studies. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 31: 625–632.Google Scholar
Van Niekerk, B. D. H., Bensadoun, A., Paladines, O. L. and Reid, J. T. 1963a. A study of some of the conditions affecting the rate of excretion and stability of creatinine in sheep urine. Journal of Nutrition 79: 373–380.Google Scholar
Van Niekerk, B. D. H., Reid, J. T., Bensadoun, A. and Paladines, O. L. 1963b. Urinary creatinine as an index of body composition. Journal of Nutrition 79: 463–473.Google Scholar
Vega, A.de and Poppi, D. P. 1997. Extent of digestion and rumen condition as factors affecting passage of liquid and digesta particles in sheep. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 128: 207–215.Google Scholar
Walker, D. M. and Faichney, G. J. 1964. Nitrogen balance studies with the milk-fed lamb. 2. The partition of urinary nitrogen and sulphur. British Journal of Nutrition 18: 201–207.Google Scholar
Waterlow, J. C. 1969. The assessment of protein nutrition and metabolism in the whole animal, with special reference to man. In Mammalian protein metabolism, III (ed. Munro, H.N.), pp. 325–390. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar