Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-15T03:26:33.807Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of energy intake on protein and lipid deposition in Creole and Large White growing pigs in a humid tropical climate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 March 2007

D. Renaudeau ,
B. Bocage  and
J. Noblet
D. Renaudeau*
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches Zootechniques, 97170 Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe, F.W.I., France
B. Bocage
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches Zootechniques, 97170 Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe, F.W.I., France
J. Noblet
Affiliation:
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherches Système d'Elevage, Nutrition Animale et Humaine, 35590 Saint Gilles, France
*
†E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Twenty-four castrated males were used to study the effect of breed (Large White v. Creole (LW v. CR)) and feeding level (0·70, 0·80, 0·90, and 1·00 ad libitum) on growth performance and protein deposition (PD) and lipid deposition (LD) between 30 and 60 kg in growing pigs under tropical climatic conditions; the CR pigs are raised in the Caribbean area and can be qualified as fat and slow growing pigs. Daily protein and amino acids supplies were calculated to be non-limiting for protein gain. Total PD and LD were measured according to the comparative slaughter technique. Digestibility coefficients of energy and nutrients were estimated over a 10-day period at 45 kg live weight. Neither the breed nor the feeding level influenced the apparent digestibility coefficients of dietary nutrients; only energy digestibility was increased at reduced feeding levels (P<0·05). Average daily gain increased linearly with the increase of metabolizable energy (ME) intake and the slope of the relationship was lower in CR than in LW pigs (30·4 v. 36·6 g per additional MJ ME). The food conversion ratio was not affected by feeding level but it was significantly higher in CR than in LW pigs (2·88 v. 2·36 kg /kg; P<0·001). Daily PD increased with ME intake according to a linear relationship in both breeds and the slope was significantly affected by breed (3·1 v. 4·2 g/MJ ME in CR and LW pigs, respectively; P<0·001). In contrast, the increase of LD and total energy retained with ME were higher in CR than in LW pigs (8·4 v. 6·4 g/MJ and 0·40 v. 0·36 MJ/ MJ ME, respectively; P<0·001).

Keywords

breedsfood intakelipid retentionpigsprotein retention
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 82 , Issue 6 , December 2006 , pp. 937 - 945
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agence Française de Normalisation. 2005. http://www.afnor.fr/.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (1990) Official methods of analysis, 15th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Bikker, P., Karabinas, V., Verstegen, M. W. A., Campbell, R. (1995) Protein and lipid accretion in body components of growing gilts (20 to 45 kilograms) as affected by energy intake. Journal of Animal Science 73: 2355–2363.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bikker, P., Verstegen, M. W. A., Kemp, B., Bosch, M. W. (1996) Performance and body composition of finishing gilts (45 to 85 kilograms) as affected by energy intake and nutrition in earlier life: I. Growth of the body and body components. Journal of Animal Science 74: 806–816.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, R. G., Dunkin, A. C. (1983) The influence of dietary protein and energy intake on the performance, body composition and energy utilization of pigs growing from 7 to 19 kg. Animal Production 36: 185–192.Google Scholar
Campbell, R. G., Taverner, M. R. (1988) Genotype and sex effects on the relationship between energy intake and protein deposition in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 66: 676–686.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, R. G., Taverner, M. R., Curic, D. M. (1985) Effects of sex and energy intake between 48 and 90 kg live weight on protein deposition in growing pigs. Animal Production 40: 497–503.Google Scholar
De Lange, C. F. M., Van Milgen, J., Noblet, J., Dubois, S., Birkett, S. H. (2002) Previous feeding level influences fasting heat production in growing. pigs. Journal of Animal Science 80: (suppl. 1) 158–159.Google Scholar
Fuller, M. F., Franklin, M. F., McWilliam, R., Pennie, K. (1995) The responses of growing pigs, of different sex and genotype, to dietary energy and protein. Animal Science 60: 291–298.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, R. H., Campbell, R. G., Smits, R. J., Morley, W. C., Ronnfeldt, K., Butler, K. L., Dunshea, F. R. (2004) The influence of dietary energy intake on growth performance and tissue deposition in pigs between 80 and 120 kg liveweight. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55: 1271–1281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koong, L. J., Nienaber, J. A., Pekas, J. C., Yen, J. T. (1982) Effects of plane of nutrition on organ size and fasting heat production in pigs. Journal of Nutrition 112: 1638–1642.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Le Bellego, L., Van Milgen, J., Noblet, J. (2002) Effects of high ambient temperature on protein and lipid deposition and energy utilization in growing pigs. Animal Science 75: 85–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Goff, G., Noblet, J. (2001) Comparative total tract digestibility of dietary energy and nutrients in growing pigs and adult sows. Journal of Animal Science 79: 2418–2427.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ly, J., Ty, C., Samkol, P. (2003) N balances studies in young Mong Cai and Large White pigs fed high fibre diets based on wheat bran. Livestock Research for Rural Development 15: 1–8.Google Scholar
Mohn, S., De Lange, C. F. M. (1998) The effect of body weight on the upper limit to protein deposition in a defined population of growing gilts. Journal of Animal Science 76: 124–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morales, J., Perez, J. F., Anguita, M., Martin-Orue, S., Fondevila, M., Gasa, J. (2005) Comparison of productive and digestive parameters in Iberian and Landrace finishing pigs fed corn- or acorn-sorghum-based diets. Archivos de Zooetcnia 52: 35–45.Google Scholar
Nieto, R., Miranda, M., Garcia, M. A., Aguilera, J. F. (2002) The effect of dietary protein content and feeding level on the rate of protein deposition and energy utilization in growing Iberian pigs from 15 to 50 kg body weight. British Journal of Nutrition 88: 39–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noblet, J. (2005) Protein and energy requirement of growing pigs. Proceedings of the II simposio internacional sobre exigencies nutricionais de aves e suinos,Viçosa, MG,Brasil.29–31 March, pp. 175–198.Google Scholar
Noblet, J., Karege, C., Dubois, S. (1994) Prise en compte de la variabilité de la composition corporelle pour la prévision du besoin énergetique et de l'efficacité alimentaire chez le porc en croissance. Journées de la Recherche Porcine en France 26: 267–276.Google Scholar
Noblet, J., Karege, C., Dubois, S., Van Milgen, J. (1999) Metabolic utilization of energy and maintenance requirements in growing pigs: effects of sex and genotype. Journal of Animal Science 77: 1208–1216.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noblet, J., Shi, X. S., Karege, C., Dubois, S. (1993) Effets du type sexuel, du niveau d'alimentation, du poids vif et du stade physiologique sur l'utilisation digestive de l'énergie et des nutriments chez le porc: interactions avec la composition du régime. Journées de la Recherche Porcine en France 25: 165–180.Google Scholar
National Research Council. (1998) Nutrient requirement of swine, 10th revised edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Quiniou, N., Dourmad, J. Y., Noblet, J. (1996) Effect of energy intake on the performance of different types of pig from 45 to 100 kg body weight. 1. Protein and lipid deposition. Animal Science 63: 289–296.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quiniou, N., Dubois, S., Noblet, J. (2000) Voluntary feed intake and feeding behaviour of group-housed growing pigs are affected by ambient temperature and body weight. Livestock Production Science 63: 245–253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quiniou, N., Noblet, J. (1995) Prediction of tissular body composition from protein and lipid deposition in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 73: 1567–1575.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quiniou, N., Noblet, J., Dourmad, J. Y., Van Milgen, J. (1999) Influence of energy supply on growth characteristics in pigs and consequences for growth modelling. Livestock Production Science 60: 317–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, D. S., McCracken, K. J. (1991) Effect of energy intake on protein and energy metabolism of boars of high genetic potential for lean growth. Animal Production 52: 499–507.Google Scholar
Rao, D. S., McCracken, K. J. (1992) Energy/protein interactions in growing boars of high genetic potential for lean growth. 2. Effects on chemical composition of gain and whole-body protein turn-over. Animal Production 54: 83–93.Google Scholar
Renaudeau, D., Hilaire, M., Mourot, J. (2005) A comparison of growth performance, carcass and meat quality of Creole and Large White pigs slaughtered at 150 days of age. Animal Research 54: 43–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renaudeau, D., Mandonnet, N., Tixier-Boichard, M., Noblet, J., Bidanel, J. P. (2004) Atténuer les effets de la chaleur sur les performances des porcs: la voie génétique (attenuate the effects of high ambient temperature on pig performance: the genetic selection). INRA Productions Animales 17: 93–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rinaldo, D., Canope, I., Christon, R., Rico, C., Ly, J., Dieguez, F. (2003) Creole pigs in Guadeloupe and Cuba: a comparison of reproduction, growth performance and meat quality in relation to dietary and environmental conditions. Pig News and Information 24: 17–26.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. (1997) SAS/STAT user's guide version 7, fourth edition. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Sauvant, D., Perez, J. M., Tran, G. (2002) Tables de composition et de valeur nutritive des matières premières destinées aux animaux d'élevage. AFZ-INRA 1–301.Google Scholar
Tess, M. W., Dickerson, G. E., Nienaber, J. A., Ferrell, C. L. (1984) The effects of body composition on fasting heat production in pigs. Journal of Animal Science 58: 99–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Milgen, J., Bernier, J. F., Le Cozler, Y., Dubois, S., Noblet, J. (1998) Major determinants of fasting heat production and energetic cost of activity in growing pigs of different body weight and breed/castration combination. British Journal of Nutrition 79: 509–517.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Milgen, J., Noblet, J. (2003) Partitioning energy intake to heat, protein, and fat in growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science 81: suppl. 2E86–E93 (http://www.asas.org/symposia /03esupp2/jas2426.pdf).Google Scholar
Whittemore, C. T., Fawcett, R. H. (1976) Theoretical aspects of a flexible model to simulate protein and lipid growth in pigs. Animal Production 22: 87–96.Google Scholar
Whittemore, C. T., Greene, D. M., Knap, P. W. (2001) Technical review of the energy and protein requirements of growing pigs: energy. Animal Science 73: 199–215.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yen, J. T., Varel, V. H., Nienaber, J. A. (2004) Metabolic and microbial responses in western crossbred and Meishan growing pigs fed a high-fiber diet. Journal of Animal Science 82: 1740–1755.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed