Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T22:39:16.527Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of nutrition on the periparturient parasite status of mature ewes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

J. Donaldson ,
M. F. J. van Houtert  and
A. R. Sykes
J. Donaldson
Affiliation:
Animal and Veterinary Sciences Group, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
M. F. J. van Houtert
Affiliation:
Animal and Veterinary Sciences Group, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
A. R. Sykes
Affiliation:
Animal and Veterinary Sciences Group, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand
Get access

Abstract

The rôle of nutrition in the periparturient breakdown of resistance to gastrointestinal parasitism in mature ewes was investigated. Host resistance around this period, as measured by faecal egg concentration and worm burden, was sensitive to protein supply and to a lesser extent energy supply and body condition. Resistance was significantly less in ewes bearing and suckling twin lambs than those with singles. Differences in larval intakes spanning the range likely to be experienced in practice did not appear to be important. In dual infection with Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis, the breakdown of resistance occurred almost exclusively with T. circumcincta confirming previous evidence of parasite species specificity in the periparturient breakdown of resistance.

Keywords

ewesmetabolizable energymetabolizable proteinnematoda
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 67 , Issue 3 , December 1998 , pp. 523 - 533
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abbott, E. M., Parkins, J. J. and Holmes, P. H. 1985. Influence of dietary protein on parasite establishment and pathogenesis in Finn Dorset and Scottish Blackface lambs given a single moderate infection of Haemonchus contortus. Research in Veterinary Science. 38: 6–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agricultural and Food Research Council. 1993. Energy and protein requirements of ruminants. An advisory manual prepared by the AFRC Technical Committee on Responses to Nutrients. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.Google Scholar
Barger, I. A. 1993. Influence of sex and reproductive status on susceptibility of ruminants to nematode parasitism. International Journal for Parasitology 23: 463–469.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bown, M. D., Poppi, D. P. and Sykes, A. R. 1991. The effect of post-ruminal infusion of protein or energy on the pathophysiology of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection and body composition in lambs. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 42: 253–267.Google Scholar
Brunsdon, R. V. 1966. Importance of the ewe as a source of trichostrongyle infection for lambs: control of the spring-rise phenomenon by single post-lambing anthelmintic treatment. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 14: 25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brunsdon, R. V. 1970. The spring-rise phenomenon: seasonal changes in the worm burdens of breeding ewes and in the availability of pasture infection. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 18: 47–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brunsdon, R. V. and Vlassoff, A. 1971. The post-parturient rise: a comparison of the pattern and relative generic composition of strongyle egg output from lactating and non-lactating ewes. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 19: 19–25Google Scholar
Clunies Ross, I. and Gordon, H. M. 1933. Nutritional factors affecting resistance to haemonchosis. Australian Veterinary Journal. 9: 100–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connon, R. M. 1968. Studies on the worm populations in the alimentary tract of breeding ewes. Journal of Helminthology. 42: 9–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coop, R. L. and Holmes, P. H. 1996. Nutrition and parasite interaction. International Journalfor Parasitology. 26: 951–962CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coop, R. L., Huntley, J. F. and Smith, W. D. 1995. Effect of dietary protein supplementation on the development of immunity to Ostertagia circumcincta in growing lambs. Research in Veterinary Science 59: 24–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coop, R. L., Mellor, D. J., Jackson, E., Jackson, F., Flint, D. J. and Vernon, R. G. 1990. Teladorsagia circumcincta output at the onset of natural and induced lactation in ewes. Veterinary Parasitology. 35: 295–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dunn, A. M. 1957. Opening discussion following E. J. L. Soulsby 1957— “Some immunological phenomena in parasitic infections.” Veterinary Record 69: 1129–1136.Google Scholar
Dunsmore, J. D. 1965. Ostertagia spp. in lambs and pregnant ewes. Journal of Helminthology. 39: 159–184.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Familton, A. S. 1991. Re-examination of gastro-intestinal parasite control—the contribution of the ewe. Proceedings of the 21st seminar of the Sheep and Beef Cattle Society of New Zealand Veterinary Association, vol. 21, pp. 25–35.Google Scholar
Familton, A. S. and McAnulty, R. W. 1994. Sheep nematode larval survival: the epidemiological consequences of findings from recent studies. Proceedings of the 24th seminar of the Sheep and Beef Cattle Society of the Zealand Veterinary Association, vol. 24, pp. 186–195.Google Scholar
Familton, A. S. and McAnulty, R. W. 1996. Some challenges to current understanding of nematode epidemiology from Canterbury. Proceedings of the 26th seminar of the Sheep and Beef Cattle Society of the New Veterinary Association, vol. 26, pp. 73–81.Google Scholar
Familton, A. S., Nicol, A. M. and McAnulty, R. W. 1986. Epidemiology of internal parasitism of sheep on irrigated pasture and the possible control measures. Proceedings of the 16th seminar of the Sheep and Beef Cattle Society of the Zealand Veterinary Association, vol. 16, pp. 210–219.Google Scholar
Gibbs, H. C. 1967. Some factors involved in the “spring rise” phenomenon in sheep. In The reaction of the host to parasitism (ed. Soulsby, E. J. L.), pp. 160–173. N.G. Elwert Universities und Verlagsbuchand, Marburg/Lahn.Google Scholar
Gibbs, H. C. and Barger, I. A. 1986. Haemonchus contortus and other trichostrongylid infections in parturient, lactating and dry ewes. Veterinary Parasitology. 22: 57–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herlich, H. 1956. A digestion method for post-mortem recovery of nematodes from ruminants. Proceedings of the Helminthology Society of Washington. 23: 102–103.Google Scholar
Houtert, M. F. J. van, Barger, I. A., Steel, R. G., Windon, R. G. and Emery, D. L. 1995a. Effects of dietary protein intake on responses of young sheep to infection with Trichostrongylus colubriformis. Veterinary Parasitology. 56: 163–180.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Houtert, M. F. J. van, Watson, D. L. and Barger, I. A. 1995b. Maintenance of acquired immunity to Trichostrongylus colubriformis in Merino sheep that are losing weight. Australian Veterinary Journal 72: 301–303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jackson, F., Jackson, E. and Williams, J. T. 1988. Susceptibility of the pre-parturient ewe to infection with Trichostrongylus vitrinus and Ostertagia circumcincta. Research in Veterinary Science. 45: 213–218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeffcoate, I. A., Fishwick, G., Bairden, K., Armour, J. and Holmes, P. 1990. Pathophysiology of the periparturient egg rise in sheep: the role of prolactin. Research in Veterinary Science. 48: 295–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, D. I. H. and Hayward, M. V. 1975. The effect of pepsin pretreament of herbage on the prediction of dry matter digestibility from solubility in fungal cellulase solutions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 26: 711–718.Google Scholar
Kambara, T., McFarlane, R. G., Abell, T. J., McAnulty, R. W. and Sykes, A. R. 1993. The effect of age and dietary protein on immunity and resistance in lambs vaccinated with Trichostrongylus colubriformis. International Journal Parasitology. 23: 471–476.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kelly, J. D. and Dineen, J. K. 1976. Prostaglandins in the gastrointestinal tract: evidence for a role in worm expulsion. Australian Veterinary Journal. 52: 391–397.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kimambo, A. E., MacRae, J. C. and Dewey, P. J. S. 1988. The effect of daily challenge with Trichostrongylus colubriformis larvae on the nutrition and performance of immunologically-resistant sheep. Veterinary Parasitology. 28: 205–212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knudsen, P. J., Dinarello, C. A. and Strom, T. B. 1986. Prostaglandins posttranscriptionally inhibit monocyte New expression of interleukin 1 activity by increasing intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Journal of Immunology. 137: 3189–3194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koch, D. D. and Feldbruegge, D. H. 1987. Optimised kinetic method for automated determination of P-hydroxybutyrate. Clinical Chemistry. 33: 1761–1766.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kyriazakis, I., Anderson, D. H., Coop, R. L. and Jackson, F. 1996. The pathophysiology and development of immunity during long-term subclinical infection with Trichostrongylus colubriformis of sheep receiving different nutritional treatments. Veterinary Parasitology. 65: 41–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leyva, V., Henderson, A. E. and Sykes, A. R. 1982. Effect of daily infection with Ostertagia circumcincta larvae on food intake, milk production and wool growth in sheep. Journal of Agricultural Research. 99: 249–259.Google Scholar
MacRae, J. C. 1993. Metabolic consequences of intestinal parasitism. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 52: 121–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. 1979. Manual of veterinary parasitological laboratory techniques. Ministry Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Agricultural Development and Advisory Service, technical bulletin no. 18. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Google Scholar
Mitchell, E. S., McKellar, Q. A. and Bogan, J. A. 1990. Effect of meclofenamic acid on the response of parasite-naive lambs and adult sheep to Ostertagia circumcincta Research in Veterinary Science. 49: 166–170.Google Scholar
Ørskov, E. R. 1992. Protein nutrition in ruminants. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
O'Sullivan, B. M. and Donald, A. D. 1970. A field study of nematode parasite populations in the lactating ewe. Parasitology 61: 301–315.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Sullivan, B. M. and Donald, A. D. 1973. Responses to infection with Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in ewes of different reproductive status. International Journal for Parasitology. 3: 521–530.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paver, H., Parnell, I. W. and Morgan, D. O. 1955. Some factors influencing the seasonal variation in worm egg count in Scottish hill sheep. Journal of Comparative Pathology 65: 220–235.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reid, J. F. S. and Armour, J. 1975. Seasonal variations in the gastro-intestinal nematode populations of Scottish hill sheep. Research in Veterinary Science. 18: 307–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, T. G. and Elliot, D. C. 1966. The laboratory assessment of worm parasite populations in sheep. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 9: 350–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, J. J. 1990. The pastoral animal industries in the 21st century. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Production. 50: 345–359.Google Scholar
Russel, A. J. F., Doney, J. M. and Gunn, R. G. 1969. Subjective assessment of body fat in live sheep. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge. 72: 451–454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, D. S. and Unanue, E. R. 1982. Corticosteroids inhibit murine macrophage la expression and interleukin 1 production. Journal of Immunology. 129: 1803–1805.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sykes, A. R., Poppi, D. P. and Elliot, D. C. 1988. Effect of concurrent infection with Ostertagia circumcincta or Trichostrongylus colubriformis on the performance of growing lambs offered fresh herbages. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge. 110: 531–541.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SYSTAT. 1990. SYSTAT, version - 5.04, 1990–1994. SYSTAT Inc., Evanston, IL, USA.Google Scholar
Thorburn, G. D. 1991. The placenta, prostaglandins and parturition: a review. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 3: 277–294.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vlassoff, A. 1982. Biology and population dynamics of the free living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. In Animal industries workshop technical handbook. Internal parasites of sheep (ed. Ross, A. D.), pp. 11–20. Lincoln College, Canterbury, New Zealand.Google Scholar