Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T20:23:25.028Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of draught work on performance and metabolism of crossbred cows 2. Effect of work on roughage intake, digestion, digesta kinetics and plasma metabolites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

E. Zerbini ,
T. Gemeda ,
A. G. Wold ,
S. Nokoe  and
D. Demissie
E. Zerbini
Affiliation:
International Livestock Centre for Africa, PO Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
T. Gemeda
Affiliation:
Institute of Agricultural Research, PO Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
A. G. Wold
Affiliation:
Institute of Agricultural Research, PO Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
S. Nokoe
Affiliation:
International Livestock Centre for Africa, PO Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
D. Demissie
Affiliation:
Institute of Agricultural Research, PO Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Get access

Abstract

Forty pregnant F1 crossbred dairy cows (20 Friesian × Boran and 20 Simmental × Boran) were stratified in a 2 × 2 diet × work factorial arrangement (not working-not supplemented, NWNS; not working-supplemented, NWS; working-not supplemented, WNS; and working-supplemented, WS) were used to study the effect of work and diet supplementation on roughage intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients, digesta kinetics and plasma metabolites. Dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) intakes were greater for working than for non-working cows. Work and supplementation increased DM and OM in vivo apparent digestibility. This effect was particularly significant when comparing working cows at rest and at work. Passage rate and rumen mean retention of Cr-mordanted hay were similar for working and for nonworking cows. Liquid turn-over rate of Co-ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) was lower and rumen mean retention time of Co-EDTA was greater in working than in non-working cows whether supplemented or not. Working coios had lower plasma glucose during and immediately after working than non-working cows. Plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) was higher in working cows at the end of the working period and after rest between working hours. This effect was greater in non-supplemented than in supplemented cows. In working cows, β-hydroxybutyrate was lower at the end of working hours than in non-working cows. Lactate was greater in working than in non-working cows after the 3rd and 4th hours of work. Digesta kinetics could explain only partially the possible mechanisms responsible for greater roughage intake and apparent digestibility in working cows. The decrease of plasma glucose and the increase in NEFA during work indicates an increasing utilization of NEFA by muscle during consecutive working hours.

Keywords

cowsdigestibilityhay intakeplasma metaboliteswork
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 60 , Issue 3 , June 1995 , pp. 369 - 378
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1980. Official methods of analysis. 13th ed.Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Australian Agricultural Council. 1990. Feeding standards for Australian liivstoek. Ruminants. Ruminant subcommittee, CSIRO, Australia.Google Scholar
Ho, Bae Dong, Welch, J. G. and Gilman, B. E. 1983. Mastication and rumination in relation to body size of cattle. journal of Dairy Science 66:2137–2141.Google Scholar
Bakrie, B. and Teleni, E. 1991. The effect of time of feeding in relation to work on draught animals. 1. The effect of feeding high fibre diet either before or after work on feed utilization and physiology of working buffaloes. ACIAR Draught Animal Bulletin, no. 1, pp. 39–45. James Cook University of North Queensland.Google Scholar
Bamualim, A. and Ffoulkes, D. 1988. Effect of work and level of feed intake on nutritional parameters and body weight change of swamp buffalo cows. DAP Project Bulletin, no. 3 pp. 6–10. James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.Google Scholar
Bamualim, A., Ffoulkes, D. and Fletcher, I. C. 1987. Preliminary observations on the effect of work on intake, digestibility, growth and ovarian activity of swamp buffalo cows. Draught Animal Power Project. DAP project bulletin, no. 3, pp. 6–10. James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.Google Scholar
Butler, W. R. and Smith, R. D. 1989. Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function in dairy cattle, journal of Dairy Science 72: 767–783.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campling, R. C. 1970. Physical regulation of voluntary intake. Proceedings of the third international symposium on physiology of digestion and metabolism in ruminants. Oriel Press, Newcastle upon Tyne.Google Scholar
Cheong, F. H. and Salt, F. J. 1968. A rapid wet digestion method for the determination of chromic oxide in faeces. Laboratory Practice 17: 199–200.Google Scholar
Ffoulkes, D. 1986. Studies on working Buffalo — current research on nutritional aspects. Balai Penelitian Ternakliawi, Bogor. Draught animal news, no. 6. Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine. University of Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Ffoulkes, D., Bamualim, A. and Panggabean, T. 1987. Utilization of fibrous feeds by working buffaloes. In Ruminant feeding systems utilizing fibrous agricultural residues (ed. Dixon, R. M.), pp. 161–169. International Development Program of Australian Universities and Colleges, Canberra.Google Scholar
Forbes, J. M. 1986. The effect of sex hormones, pregnancy, and lactation on digestion, metabolism, and voluntary food intake. Proceedings of the sixth international symposium on ruminant physiology (ed. Milligan, L. P., Grovum, W. L.and Dobson, A.), pp. 260. Prentice-Hall, Eglewwod Cliffs, NJ.Google Scholar
Gemeda, T., Zerbini, E., Wold, A. G. and Demissie, D. 1995. Effect of draught work on performance and metabolism of crossbred cows. 1. Effect of work and diet on body weight change, body condition, lactation and productivity. Animal Science 60: 337–345.Google Scholar
Grovum, W. L. 1987. A new look at what is controlling feed intake. In Feed intake by beef cattle (ed. Owens, F. N.), pp. 1–40. Animal Science Department. MP 121, Oklahoma State University.Google Scholar
Hambitzer, R. and Bent, E. 1988. Effect of long distance exercise on free fatty acids in blood plasma of Arab horses. journal of Veterinary Medicine A 35: 622–625.Google Scholar
Kamiya, S. and Daigo, M. 1988. Prepartum and postpartum glycogen accumulation in bovine uterine arteries. Animal Production Science 16: 191–198.Google Scholar
Lawrence, P. R. 1985. A review of the nutrient requirements of draught oxen. In Draught animal power for production (ed. Copland, J. W.). ACIAR Proceedings no. 10, pp. 59–63. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland.Google Scholar
Lawrence, P. R., Buck, S. F. and Campbell, I. 1989. The metabolic rate of oxen after work. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 48: 153A (abstr.).Google Scholar
Matthewman, R. W. 1989. Effect of sustained exercise on milk yield, milk composition and blood metabolite concentrations in Hereford × Friesian cattle. Ph.D. dissertation, Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland and Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland. 1984. Energy allowances and feeding systems for ruminants. Reference book no. 433. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Google Scholar
Moore, J. A., Pond, K. R., Poore, M. H. and Goodwin, T. G. 1992. Influence of model and marker on digesta kinetic estimates for sheep, journal of Animal Science 70: 3528–3540.Google Scholar
Nangia, O. P., Rana, R. D., Singh, Narinder and Ahmad, A. 1978. A note on draught capacity in castrated and entire male buffaloes as reflected in some blood constituents. Animal Production 27: 237–240.Google Scholar
ørskov, E. R. and McDonald, I. 1979. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 92: 499–503.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
ørskov, E. R., Ojwang, I. and Reid, G. W. 1988. A study on consistency of differences between cows in rumen outflow rate of fibrous particles and other substrates and consequences for digestibility and intake of roughages. Animal Production 47: 45–51.Google Scholar
ørskov, E. R., Reid, G. W. and Kay, M. 1988. Prediction of intake by cattle from degradation characteristics of roughages. Animal Production 46: 29–34.Google Scholar
ørskov, E. R. and Ryle, M. 1990. Energy nutrition in ruminants. Elsevier Science.Google Scholar
Pearson, R. A. 1990. A note on live weight and intake and digestibility of food by draught cattle after supplementation of rice straw with the fodder tree Ficus auriculata. Animal Production 51: 635–638.Google Scholar
Pearson, R. A., Archibald, R. and Campbell, I. 1988. Nutrition experiments with draught cattle. Draught animal news, no. 9, pp. 4–6. Centre for Tropical Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Pearson, R. A. and Lawrence, P. R. 1992. Intake, digestion, gastrointestinal transit time and nitrogen balance in working oxen: studies in Costa Rica and Nepal. Animal Production 55: 361–370.Google Scholar
Pond, K. R., Ellis, W. C, Matis, J. H., Ferreiro, H. M. and Sutton, J. D. 1988. Compartment models for estimating attributes of digesta flow in cattle. British Journal of Nutrition 60: 571–595.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schlllo, K. K. 1992. Effects of dietary energy on control of luteinizing hormone secretion in cattle and sheep, journal of Animal Science 70: 1271–1282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soller, H., Reed, J. D. and Butterworth, M. H. 1991. Effect of work on utilization of cereal crop residues by oxen. Animal Feed Science and Technology 33: 297–311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1989. SAS/STAT user's guide version 6, 4th ed., vol. 2. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, Cary NC.Google Scholar
Uden, P., Colucci, P. E. and Van Soest, P. J. 1980. Investigation of chromium, cerium and cobalt as markers in digesta rate of passage studies. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 31: 625–632.Google Scholar
Upadhyay, R. C. and Madan, M. L. 1985. Studies on blood acid-base status and muscle metabolism in working bullocks. Animal Production 40: 11–16.Google Scholar
Van Soest, P. J. and Robertson, J. B. 1985. Analysis of forage and fibrous foods. Cornell University, laboratory manual for animal science 613.Google Scholar
Weston, R. H. 1985. Some considerations of voluntary feed consumption and digestion in relation to work (ed. Copland, J. W.), AC1AR proceedings no. 10, pp. 78–83. James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland.Google Scholar
Zerbini, E., Gemeda, T., O'Neill, D. H., Howell, P. J. and Schroter, R. C. 1992. Relationships between cardiorespiratory parameters and draught work output in Fcrossbred dairy cows under field conditions. Animal Production 55: 1–10.Google Scholar
Zerbini, E., Gemeda, T., Tegegne, A., Wold, A. G. and Franceschini, R. 1993. Effects of work and diet on progesterone secretion, short luteal phases and ovulations without estrus in postpartum F1 crossbred dairy cows. Theriogenology 43: 571–584.Google Scholar