Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T07:12:24.317Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Plasma leptin concentration in pre- and post-weaning lambs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2016

T. Tokuda ,
C. Delavaud  and
Y. Chilliard
T. Tokuda*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Science, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue-shi, 690-8504, Japan
C. Delavaud
Affiliation:
Unité de Recherche sur les Herbivores, Equipe Tissu Adipeux et Lipides du Lait, INRA, Theix, 63122 St-Genès- Champanelle, France
Y. Chilliard
Affiliation:
Unité de Recherche sur les Herbivores, Equipe Tissu Adipeux et Lipides du Lait, INRA, Theix, 63122 St-Genès- Champanelle, France
*
†E-mail address: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Leptin has an important rôle in the control of appetite and energy expenditure. Several studies have reported the effects of leptin in ruminants. However, little is known about changes in circulating leptin concentrations in neonates of ruminant species, or the effects of weaning on plasma leptin concentrations. The main objectives of this experiment were: to examine plasma leptin concentrations in lambs, in the period from just after birth through to weaning; to examine the effect of weaning on plasma leptin concentrations, and to compare leptin concentrations measured using a ‘multi-species’ leptin radio-immunoassay (RIA) kit and a specific ovine RIA in lambs during the 6-month period after weaning. In a previous paper, we reported leptin concentrations using a commercial RIA during the post-weaning period. However, we were not able to measure plasma leptin concentrations from just after birth to weaning as they were apparently below the level of sensitivity of the assay. In the present study, five crossbred lambs were removed from their dams within 2 days after birth, and bottle-fed on milk replacer at a level sufficient to meet a 1•2 times maintenance metabolizable energy intake. Lambs were weaned 45 days after birth, and housed individually in pens. The lambs were offered timothy hay, rolled barley and soya-bean meal to meet a 200 g daily gain during the post-weaning period. During the pre-weaning period, blood samples were collected within 5 h of birth and thereafter at 09:00 h; every day from 2 to 6 days of age; at 2-day intervals from 6 to 14 days of age; and at 3-day intervals from 14 to 45 days of age. During the post-weaning period, blood samples were collected before and 3 and 6 h after the morning meal at the ages of 0•5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months. Plasma leptin concentrations slightly increased (P < 0•05) just after birth and then remained constant until 45 days old (P > 0•05). Additionally, plasma leptin concentration was not significantly changed following weaning. During the post-weaning period, plasma leptin concentrations were compared using two RIA systems. The correlation between plasma leptin concentrations measured by the ‘multi-species’ leptin RIA kit and specific ovine RIA was poor (r = 0•41). These findings are consistent with other reports and suggest that the ‘multi-species’ leptin RIA kit is not suitable for estimating leptin plasma concentrations in ruminants.

Keywords

glucoseinsulinleptinsheep.
Type
Growth, development and meat science
Information
Animal Science , Volume 76 , Issue 2 , April 2003 , pp. 221 - 227
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agricultural Research Council. 1984. The nutrient requirements of ruminant livestock, supplement no. 1. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal.Google Scholar
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council Secretariat. 1996. Japanese feeding standard for sheep. Central Association of Livestock Industry, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Alexander, G., Bell, A. W. and Hales, J. R. S. 1972. The effect of cold exposure on the plasma levels of glucose, lactose, free fatty acids and glycerol and on the blood gas and acid-base status in young lambs. Biology of the Neonate 20: 9–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ballard, F. J., Hansson, R. W. and Kronfeld, D. S. 1969. Gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis in tissue from ruminant and nonruminant animals. Federation Proceedings 28: 218–231.Google Scholar
Blache, D., Tellam, R. L., Chagas, L. M., Blackberry, M. A., Vercoe, P. E. and Martin, G. B. 2000. Level of nutrition affects leptin concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in sheep. Journal of Endocrinology 165: 625–637.Google Scholar
Casabiell, X., Pineiro, V., Tome, M. A., Peino, R., Dieguez, C. and Casanueva, F. F. 1997. Presence of leptin in colostrum and/or breast milk from lactating mothers: a potential role in the regulation of neonatal food intake. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 82: 4270–4273.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chilliard, Y., Bonnet, M., Delavaud, C., Faulconnier, Y., Leroux, C., Djiane, J. and Bocquier, F. 2001. Leptin in ruminants. Gene expression in adipose tissue and mammary gland, and regulation of plasma concentration. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 21: 271–295.Google Scholar
Clarke, L., Heasman, L., Firth, K. and Symonds, M. E. 1997. Influence of route of delivery and ambient temperature on thermoregulation in newborn lambs. American Journal of Physiology 272: R1931–R1939.Google ScholarPubMed
Delavaud, C., Bocquier, F., Chilliard, Y., Keisler, D. H., Gertler, A. and Kann, G. 2000. Plasma leptin determination in ruminants: effect of nutritional status and body fatness on plasma leptin concentration assessed by a specific RIA in sheep. Journal of Endocrinology 165: 519–526.Google Scholar
Delavaud, C., Ferlay, A., Faulconnier, Y., Bocquier, F., Kann, G. and Chilliard, Y. 2002. Plasma leptin concentration in adult cattle: effects of breed, adiposity, feeding level, and meal intake. Journal of Animal Science 80: 1317–1328.Google Scholar
Dyer, C. J., Simmons, J. M., Matteri, R. L. and Keisler, D. J. 1997a. Leptin receptor mRNA is expressed in ewe anterior pituitary and adipose tissues, and is differently expressed in hypothalamic regions of well-fed and feed-restricted ewes. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 14: 119–128.Google Scholar
Dyer, C. J., Simmons, J. M., Matteri, R. L. and Keisler, D. J. 1997b. cDNA cloning and tissue-specific gene expression of ovine leptin, NPY-Y1 receptor, and NPY-Y2 receptor. Domestic Animal Endocrinology 14: 295–303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ehrhardt, R. A., Slepetis, R. M., Siegal-Willott, J., Van Amburgh, M. E., Bell, A. W. and Boisclair, Y. R. 2000. Development of a specific radioimmunoassay to measure physiological changes of circulating leptin in cattle and sheep. Journal of Endocrinology 166: 519–528.Google Scholar
Forhead, A. J., Thomas, L., Crabtree, J., Hoggard, N., Gardner, D. S., Giussani, D. A. and Fowden, A. L. 2002. Plasma leptin concentration in fetal sheep during late gestation: ontogeny and effect of glucocorticoids. Endocrinology 143: 1166–1173.Google Scholar
Gertler, A., Simmons, J. and Keisler, D. H. 1998. Large-scale preparation of biologically active recombinant ovine obese protein (leptin). FEBS Letters 422: 137–140.Google Scholar
Harigaya, A., Nagashima, K., Nako, Y. and Morikawa, A. 1997. Relationship between concentration of serum leptin and fetal growth. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 82: 3281–3284.Google Scholar
Helland, I. B., Reseland, J. E., Saugstad, O. D. and Drevon, C. A. 1998. Leptin levels in pregnant women and newborn infants: gender differences and reduction during the neonatal period. Pediatrics 101: 1; e12. URL: http: //www. pediatrics. org/ cgi/ content/ full/ 101/ 3/ e12CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henry, B. A., Goding, J. W., Alexander, A. J., Tilbrook, A. J., Canny, B. J., Du, D., Alexandra, R. A. O., Ashley, M. and Iain, J. C. 1999. Central administration of leptin to ovariectomized ewes inhibits food intake without affecting the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland: evidence for a dissociation of effects on appetite and neuroendocrine function. Endocrinology 140: 1175–1182.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ma, Z., Gingerich, R. L., Santiago, J. V., Klein, S., Smith, C. H. and Landt, M. 1996. Radioimmunoassay of leptin in human plasma. Clinical Chemistry 42: 942–946.Google Scholar
McFadin, E. L., Morrison, C. D., Buff, P. R., Whitley, N. C. and Keisler, D. H. 2002. Leptin concentrations in periparturient ewes and their subsequent offspring. Journal of Animal Science 80: 738–743.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maffei, M., Halaas, J., Ravussin, E., Pratley, R. E., Lee, G. H., Zhang, Y., Fei, H., Kim, S., Lallone, R., Ranganathan, S., Kem, P. A. and Friedman, J. M. 1995. Leptin levels in human and rodent: measurement of plasma leptin and ob mRNA in obese and weight-reduced subjects. Nature Medicine 1: 1155–1161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsuda, J., Yokota, I., Iida, M., Murakami, T., Yamada, M., Saijo, T., Naito, E., Ito, M., Shima, K. and Kuroda, Y. 1999. Dynamic changes in serum leptin concentrations during the fetal and neonatal periods. Pediatric Research 45: 71–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pelleymounter, M. A., Cullen, M. J., Baker, M. B., Hecht, R., Winters, D., Soone, T. and Collins, F. 1995. Effects of the obese gene-product on body-weight regulation in ob/ob mice. Science 269: 540–543.Google Scholar
Rayner, D. V., Gillian, D., Dalgliesh, G. D., Duncan, J. S., Hardie, L. J., Hoggard, N. and Trayhurn, P. 1997. Postnatal development of the ob gene system: elevated leptin levels in suckling fa/fa rats. American Journal of Physiology 273: R445-R450.Google Scholar
Schmitz, O., Fisker, S., Orskov, L., Hove, K. Y., Nyholm, B. and Moller, N. 1997. Effects of hyperinsulinaemia and hypoglycaemia on circulating leptin levels in healthy lean males. Diabetes and Metabolism 23: 80–83.Google Scholar
Thomas, L., Wallace, J. M., Aitken, R. P., Mercer, J. G., Trayhurn, P. and Hoggard, N. 2001. Circulating leptin during ovine pregnancy in relation to maternal nutrition, body composition and pregnancy outcome. Journal of Endocrinology 169: 465–476.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tokuda, T., Delavaud, C., Chilliard, Y. and Fujihara, T. 2001a. [Plasma leptin concentration in pre- and post-weaning lambs and a comparison of RIA between commercial ‘multi-species’ RIA kit and specific ovine RIA. ] Animal Science Journal 99: (suppl. ) 28.Google Scholar
Tokuda, T., Kimura, D. and Fujihara, T. 2001b. The relationships between leptin and insulin in blood plasma of growing lambs. Animal Science 73: 71–76.Google Scholar
Tokuda, T., Matsui, T., Ito, J., Torii, S. and Yano, H. 2000a. The changes in body weight and plasma metabolite levels during leptin injection are caused by the reduction of food intake in sheep. Animal Science 70: 343–348.Google Scholar
Tokuda, T., Matsui, T. and Yano, H. 2000b. Effect of light and food on leptin plasma concentrations in ewes. Animal Science 71: 235–242.Google Scholar
Tokuda, T. and Yano, H. 2001. Blood leptin concentrations in Japanese Black cattle. Animal Science 72: 309–313.Google Scholar
Vernon, R. G. 1977. Development of perirenal adipose tissue in the neonatal lamb: effects of dietary safflower oil. Biology of the Neonate 32: 15–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Watanobe, H. and Schioth, H. B. 2002. Postnatal profile of plasma leptin concentrations in male and female rats: relation with the maturation of the pituitary-gonadal axis. Regulatory Peptides 105: 23–28.Google Scholar
Wellhoener, P., Fruehwald-Schultes, B., Kern, W., Dantz, D., Kerner, W., Born, J., Fehm, H. L. and Peters, A. 2000. Glucose metabolism rather than insulin is a main determinant of leptin secretion in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 85: 1267–1271.Google Scholar
Wrutniak, C. and Cabello, G. 1987. Neonatal changes in plasma cortisol, free and total iodothyronine levels in control and hypotrophic lambs. Reproduction, Nutrition, Development 27: 945–953.Google Scholar