Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T06:11:11.176Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of dietary protein quality on free amino acids in plasma, muscle and liver of growing chickens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2010

I. Fernández-Figares ,
M. Lachica ,
L. Pérez ,
R. Nieto ,
J. F. Aguilera  and
C. Prieto
I. Fernández-Figares
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
M. Lachica
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
L. Pérez
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
R. Nieto
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
J. F. Aguilera
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
C. Prieto
Affiliation:
Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
Get access

Abstract

Free amino acid (AA) levels in plasma, muscle and liver were measured in growing chickens given either high or low protein diets varying in quality. In experiment 1, they were force-fed once a day (09.00 h), for 4 days, at about 1·5 × M level, a nitrogen-free (NF) diet and then, on day 5, they were given either diet NF or isoenergetic (13·1 kj metabolizable energy (ME) per g dry matter (DM)) and isonitrogenous high protein diets (200 g crude protein (CP) per kg) based on casein (C), lupin (L), soya bean (SB), faba bean (FB), field pea (FP), vetch (V) or bitter vetch (B) as the sole source of protein. In experiment 2, chickens were force-fed twice a day (09.00 h and 18.00 h), for 3 days, at about 1·9 × M level, with four isoenergetic (13·1 k) ME per kg DM) and isonitrogenous low protein diets (120 g CP per kg) based on SB, FP, V or B as the sole source of protein. On days 5 (experiment 1) and 4 (experiment 2) samples of plasma, muscle and liver were taken for AA analysis over 3 to 4h after morning meal.

In general, within experiments, no significant differences in AA concentrations in plasma, muscle or liver among diets were found. However, there was a qualitative but not a quantitative agreement between the AA abundance in tissues and the AA rank of dietary protein. Moreover, when pooling data from experiments 1 and 2, significant regressions were found between the levels of threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and proline in plasma, of lysine, alanine, glutamic acid, glycine and proline in muscle or that of proline in liver and the corresponding amounts ingested with the different diets. Under the conditions of these experiments, however, it was not possible to establish conclusively a direct relationship between the level of free amino acids in tissues and dietary protein quality.

Keywords

fowlsfree amino acidsprotein quality
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Production , Volume 57 , Issue 2 , October 1993 , pp. 309 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aguilera, J. F. and Prieto, C. 1987. [Energy requirement for maintenance in growing chickens.] Archivos de Zootecnia 36: 165–172.Google Scholar
Almquist, H. J. 1954. Utilization of amino acids by chicks. Archives of Biochemistry 52:197–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bergen, W. G. and Purser, D. B. 1968. Effect of feeding different protein sources on plasma and gut amino acids in the growing rat. Journal of Nutrition 95: 333–340.Google Scholar
Bodwell, C. E. 1975. Biochemical parameters as indices of protein nutritional value. In Protein nutritional quality of foods and feeds (ed. Friedman, M.), part 1, pp. 261–310. Marcel Decker, New York.Google Scholar
Cohen, S. A., Meys, M. and Tarvin, T. L. 1989. The Pico-Tag Method. A manual of advanced techniques for amino acid analysis. Millipore Corporation. Bedford, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Eggum, B. O. 1976. Indirect measures of protein adequacy. In Protein metabolism and nutrition (ed. Cole, D. J. A., Boorman, K. N., Buttery, P. J., Lewis, D., Neale, R. J. and Swan, H.), pp. 249–258. Butterworths, London.Google Scholar
Feigin, R., Beisel, W. R. and Wannemacher, R. W. 1971. Rhythmicity of plasma amino acids and relation to dietary intake. American journal of Clinical Nutrition 24: 329–341.Google Scholar
Fugita, Y., Yamamoto, T., Rikimaru, T., Ebisawa, H. and Inoue, G. 1981. Effect of quality and quantity of dietary protein on free amino acids in plasma and tissues of adult rats. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 27: 129–147.Google Scholar
Galibois, I., Parent, G. and Savoie, L. 1987. Effect of dietary proteins on time-dependent changes in plasma amino acid levels and on liver protein synthesis in rats. Journal of Nutrition 117: 2027–2035.Google Scholar
Hagemeister, H., Scholz-Ahrens, K. E., Schulte-Coerne, H. and Barth, C. A. 1990. Plasma amino acids and cholesterol following consumption of dietary casein or soy protein in minipigs. Journal of Nutrition 120:1305–1311.Google Scholar
Hill, D. C. and Olsen, E. M. 1963. Effect of starvation and a nonprotein diet on blood plasma amino acids, and observations on the detection of amino acids limiting growth of chicks fed purified diets. Journal of Nutrition 79: 303–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jansen, G. R., Schibly, M. B., Masor, M., Sampson, D. A. and Longenecker, J. B. 1986. Free amino acid levels during lactation in rats: effects of protein quality and protein quantity. Journal of Nutrition 116: 376–387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johnson, D. and Anderson, H. 1982. Prediction of plasma amino acid concentration from diet amino acid content. American Journal of Physiology 243: R99–R103.Google Scholar
Kunachowicz, H., Klys, W., Czarnowska-Misztal, E. 1983. Effect of dietary protein quantity and quality on free amino acids levels in the serum and muscles of experimental rats. Proceedings of fourth international symposium on protein metabolism and nutrition, les colloques de I'INRA, n° 16, pp. 117–120. Clermont Ferrand, France.Google Scholar
Longenecker, J. B. and Hause, N. L. 1959. Relationship between plasma amino acids and composition of the ingested protein. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 84: 46–59.Google Scholar
Moore, S. 1963. On the determination of cystine as cysteic acid. Journal Biological Chemistry 238: 235–237.Google Scholar
Munro, H. N. 1970. Free amino acid pools and their role in regulation. In Mammalian protein metabolism (ed. Munro, H. N.), vol. IV, pp. 299–386. Academic Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Research Council. 1984. Nutrient requirements of poultry. National Academy Press, Washington.Google Scholar
Pérez, L., Fernández-Figares, I., Nieto, R., Aguilera, J. F. and Prieto, C. 1993. Amino acid ileal digestibility of some grain legume seeds in growing chickens. Animal Production 56: 261–267.Google Scholar
Patureau-Mirand, P., Toullec, R., Paruelle, J. L., Prugnaud, J. and Pion, R. 1974. Influence de la nature des matieres azotées des aliments d'allaitement sur l'aminoacidémie du veau préruminant. Annales de Zootechnie 23: 343–358.Google Scholar
Pawlak, M. and Pion, R. 1968. Influence de la supplementation des protéines de blé par des doses croissantes de lysine sur la teneur en acides aminés libres du sang et du muscle du rat en croissance. Annales de Biologic Animate, Biochimie, Biophysique 8: 517–530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pion, R. 1973. The relationship between the levels of free amino acids in blood and muscle and the nutritive value of proteins. In Protein in human nutrition (ed. Porter, J. W. G. and Rolls, B. A.). Academic Press, New York and London.Google Scholar
Pion, R. 1976. Dietary effects and amino acids in tissues. In Protein metabolism and nutrition (ed. Cole, D. J. A., Boorman, K. N., Buttery, P. J., Lewis, D., Neale, R. J. and Swan, H.), pp. 259–277. Butterworths, London.Google Scholar
Prieto, C., Aguilera, J. F., Lachica, M., Fernández-Figares, I., Pérez, L., Nieto, R. and Ferrando, G. 1993. The use of plasma free amino acids for predicting the limiting amino acid(s) in diets for chickens. Animal Feed Science and Technology In press.Google Scholar
Rérat, A., Jung, L. and Kandé, J. 1988. Absorption kinetics of dietary hydrolysis products in conscious pigs given diets with different amounts of fish protein. 2. Individual amino acids. British Journal of Nutrition 60:105–120.Google Scholar
Riis, P. M. ed. 1983. Dynamic biochemistry of animal production. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1985. SAS procedures guide for personal computers, version 6 edition. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Tasaki, I. and Ohno, T. 1971. Effect of dietary protein level on plasma free amino acids in the chicken. Journal of Nutrition 101:1225–1232.Google Scholar
Waterlow, J. C. and Fern, E. B. 1981. Free amino acid pools and their regulation. In Nitrogen metabolism in man (ed. Waterlow, J. C. and Stephen, J. M. L.), pp. 1–16. Applied Science Publishing, London.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, R. A. and Scott, H. M. 1965. Interrelationship of plasma amino acid levels and weight gain in the chick as influenced by suboptimal and superoptimal dietary concentrations of single amino acids. Journal of Nutrition 87: 13–18.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, R. A. and Scott, H. M. 1967. Effect of fasting and of feeding a nonprotein diet on plasma amino acid levels in the chick. Journal of Nutrition 91: 507–508.Google Scholar