Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T05:46:12.709Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effect of cyadox supplementation on metabolic hormones and epidermal growth factor in pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

H. L. Zhu ,
Z. H. Yuan ,
Y. L. Wang ,
Y. S. Qiu  and
S. X. Fan
H. L. Zhu
Affiliation:
National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues/MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
Z. H. Yuan*
Affiliation:
National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues/MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
Y. L. Wang
Affiliation:
National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues/MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
Y. S. Qiu
Affiliation:
National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues/MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
S. X. Fan
Affiliation:
National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues/MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
*
†Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cyadox on endocrine hormones and growth factor in pigs. Forty-eight crossbred pigs (35±7 days) were randomly allotted to one of four treatments, with six replicate pens per treatment and two pigs per pen. Pigs were offered one of four diets including a control diet or the control diet supplemented with cyadox at either 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg for 8 weeks. Growth performance data and serum were collected every 2 weeks. Serum epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, thyroid hormones (tri-iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)), and cortisol concentrations were determined. Results indicated that average daily gain (ADG) and gain/food ratio increased linearly and quadratically with increasing cyadox levels. The treatment containing cyadox at 50 mg/kg improved ADG by proportionately 0·241 and food efficiency by 0·25 ( P<0·05) during the entire experiment. In our study, EGF (during weeks 4 to 8), insulin (during weeks 4 to 6), thyroid hormones (in week 4) concentrations increased quadratrically ( P<0·05) and the cortisol concentrations (in week 4) decreased linearly ( P<0·01) with increasing supplementation of cyadox. Pigs given 50 mg/kg cyadox diet had greater ( P<0·05) EGF concentrations than pigs on other diets throughout the experiment. An increase (proportionately 0·22) in serum insulin concentrations in cyadox group was also observed ( P<0·05) in week 4. From week 2 to week 4, the T4 concentrations of cyadox group increased by 50% ( P<0·05). Moreover, feeding cyadox to pigs elevated their serum T3 concentrations ( P<0·05) in the 4th week and 8th week. The cortisol concentrations of cyadox group were decreased ( P<0·05) in week 4. These results suggest that cyadox improve pig performance by altering concentrations of peripheral metabolic hormones and growth factor.

Keywords

cyadoxgrowthhormonespigs
Type
Research Article
Information
Animal Science , Volume 82 , Issue 3 , June 2006 , pp. 345 - 350
Copyright
Copyright © British Society of Animal Science 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Balaji, R., Wright, K. J., Hill, C. M., Dritz, S. S., Knoppel, E. L. and Minton, J. E. 2000. Acute phase response of pigs challenged orally with Salmonella typhimurium. Journal of Animal Science 87: 1885–1891.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beauloye, V., Ketelslegers, J. and Thissen, J. P. 1996. The inhibition of growth hormone (GH)-induction of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) mRNA by dexamethasone is associated with diminished growth hormone receptor mRNA levels in rat primary cultured hepatocytes. In Proceedings of the 10th international congress on endocrinology, San Francisco, CA, pp. 431–432.Google Scholar
Becker, B. A., Knight, C. D., Buonomot, F. C., Jesse, G. W., Hedrickg, H. B. and Bailet, C. A. 1992. Effect of a hot environment on performance, carass characteristics, and blood hormones and metabolites of pigs treated with porcine somatotropin. Journal of Animal Science 70: 2732–2740.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bird, A. R., Croom, W. J., Jr Fan, Y. K., Daniel, L. R., Black, B. L., McBride, B. W., Eisen, E. J., Bull, L. S. and Taylor, I. L. 1994. Jejunal glucose absorption is enhanced by epidermal growth factor in mice. Journal of Nutrition 124: 231–240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Butaye, P., Devriese, L. A. and Haesebrouck, F. 2003. Antimicrobial growth promoters used in animal feed: Effects of less well known antibiotics on gram-positive bacteria. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 16: 175–188.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Campbell, R. G., Johnson, R. J., Tavernor, M. R. and King, R. H. 1991. Interrelationships between exogenous porcine somatotropin (pST) administration and dietary protein and energy intake on protein deposition capacity and energy metabolism of pigs. Journal of Animal Science 69: 1522–1531.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Capema, T. J., Komarek, D. R., Gavelek, D. and Steele, N. C. 1991. Influence of dietary protein and recombinant porcine somatotropin administration in young pigs. II. Accretion rates of protein, collagen, and fat. Journal of Animal Science 69: 4019–4029.Google Scholar
Carpenter, G. and Cohen, S. 1990. Epidermal growth factor. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265: 7709–7712.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chung, C. S., Ethenon, T. D. and Wiggins, J. P. 1985. Stimulation of swine growth by porcine growth hormone. Journal of Animal Science 60: 118–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, S. 1962. Isolation of a mouse submaxillary gland protein accelerating incisor eruption and eyelid opening in the newborn animal. Journal of Biological Chemistry 237: 1555–1562.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daughaday, W. H., Mneller, M. C. and Phillips, L. S. 1976. The effect of insulin and growth hormone on the release of somatomedin by the isolated rat liver. Endocrinology 98: 1214–1219.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dauncey, M. J. and Geers, R. 1990. Nuclear 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyronine receptors in skeletal muscle of normal and small-for-gestational age newborn piglets. Biological Neonate 58: 291–295.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, T. A., Fiorotto, M. L., Burrin, D. G., Reeds, P. J., Nguyen, H. V., Beckett, P. R., Vann, R. C. and O'Connor, P. M. J. 2002. Stimulation of protein synthesis by both insulin and amino acids is unique to skeletal muscle in neonatal pigs. American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism 282: E880–E890.Google ScholarPubMed
Deitch, E. A. 1993. Nutrition and the gut mucosal barrier. Current Opinion in General Surgery January 1: 85–91.Google Scholar
Donovan, S. M. and Ogle, J. 1994. Growth factors in milk as mediators of infant development. Annual Review of Nutrition 14: 147–167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dubreuil, P., Petitclerc, D., Pelletier, G., Gaudreau, P., Farmer, C., Mowles, T. F. and Brazeau, P. 1990. Effect of dose and frequency of administration of a potent analog of human growth hormone-releasing factor on hormone secretion and growth in pigs. Journal of Animal Science 68: 1254–1268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Duncan, D. B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F test. Biometrical Journal. Biometrische Zeitschrift 11: 1–42.Google Scholar
Etherton, T. D. and Kensinger, R. S. 1984. Endocrine regulation of fetal and postnatal meat animal growth. Journal of Animal Science 59: 511–528.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ezzat, S., Laks, D., Oster, J. and Melmed, S. 1991. Growth hormone regulation in primary fetal and neonatal rat pituitary cell cultures: the role of thyroid hormone. Endocrinology 128: 937–943.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garlick, P. J., Fern, M. and Preedy, V. R. 1983. The effect of insulin infusion and food intake on muscle protein synthesis in postabsorptive rats. The Biochemical Journal 210: 669–676.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harakawa, S., Yamashita, S., Tobinaka, T., Matsuo, K., Hirayu, H., Izumi, M., Nagataki, S. and Melmed, S. 1990. In vivo regulation of hepatic insulin-like growth factor-I messenger ribonucleic acids with thyroid hormone. Endocrinologia Japonica (Tokyo) 37: 205–211.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hathaway, M. R., Dayton, W. R., White, M. E. and Henderson, T. L. 1996. Serum insulin- like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations are increased in pigs fed antimicrobials. Journal of Animal Science 74: 1541–1547.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hathaway, M. R., Kretchmar, D. H., Allen, C. E., Cormelius, S. G. and Dayton, W. R. 1990. In vitro muscle cell proliferation and protein turnover as affected by serum from pigs fed antimicrobials. Journal of Animal Science 68: 3190–3197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
James, P. S., Smith, M. W., Tivey, D. R. and Wilson, T. J. 1987. Epidermal growth factor selectively increases maltase and sucrase activities in neonatal piglet intestine. Journal of Physiology 393: 583–594.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Koldovsky, O., Philipps, A., Rao, R. K. and Schaudies, P. 1992. Possible role of milk-borne peptide growth factors for the breast-fed infant. In Regulatory gut peptides in paediatric gastroenterology and nutrition (ed. Heinz-ErianP., P.,, DeutschJ., J., and Granditsch, G.), pp. 150–169. Karger, Basel.Google Scholar
Koldovsky, O. and Thornburg, W. 1987. Hormones in milk. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 6: 172–196.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lacasca, D., Agli, B. andGiudicelli, Y. 1988. Permissive action of glucocorticoids on catecholamine-induced lipolysis: direct in vitro effects on the fat cell beta-adrenoreceptor-coupled-adenylate cyclase system. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 153: 489–497.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landagora, F. T., Rusoff, L. L. and Harris, B. Jr 1957. Effect of chlortetracycline of carcass yields including physical and chemical composition of dairy calves. Journal of Animal Science 16: 654–661.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luo, J. and Murphy, L. J. 1989. Dexamethasone inhibits growth hormone induction of insulin-like growth factor-I messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in hypophysectomized rats and reduces IGF-I mRNA abundance in the intact rat. Endocrinology 125: 165–171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malo, C. and Menard, D. 1982. Influence of epidermal growth factor on the development of suckling mouse intestinal mucosa. Gastroenterology 83: 28–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Malo, C. and Menard, D. 1983. Synergistic effects of insulin and thyroxine on the differentiation and proliferation of epithelial cells of suckling mouse small intestinal. Biological Neonate 44: 177–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
National Research Council 1998. Nutrient requirements of swine, 10th edition. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Odle, J., Zijlstra, R. T. and Donovan, S. M. 1996. Intestinal effects of milkborne growth factors in neonates of agricultural importance. Journal of Animal Science 74: 2509–2522.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, C. D. and Baxter, R. C. 1986. Production of insulin-like growth factor-I and its binding protein in rat hepatocytes cultured from diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. Endocrinology 119: 2346–2352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stahly, T. S., Cromwell, G. L. and Moneyue, H. J. 1980. Effects of dietary inclusion of copper and (or) antibiotics on the performance of weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science 51: 1347–1351.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Statistical Analysis Systems Institute 2000. SAS/STAT ® user's guide (version 8). SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.Google Scholar
Vann, R. V., Nguyen, H. V., Reeds, P. J., Burrin, D. G., Fiorotto, M. L., Steele, N. C., Deaver, D. R. and Davis, T. A. 2000. Somatotropin increases protein balance by lowering body protein degradation in fed, growing pigs. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism 278: E477–E483.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Visek, W. J. 1978. The mode of growth promotion by antibiotics. Journal of Animal Science 46: 1447–1469.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walton, P. E. and Etherton, T. D. 1986. Antagonism of insulin action in cultured pig adipose tissue by pituitary and recombinant porcine GH: Potentiation by hydrocortisone. Endocrinology 118: 2577–2581.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wary-Canhen, D., Nguyen, H. V., Burrin, D. G., Bockett, P. R., Fiorotto, M. V., Reeds, P. J., Wester, T. J. and Davis, T. A. (1998) Response of skeletal muscle protein synthesis to insulin in sucking pigs decreases with development. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism 275: E602–E609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolf, M., Ingbar, S. H. and Moses, A. C. 1989. Thyroid hormone and growth hormone interact to regulate insulin-like growth factor-I messenger ribonucleic acid and circulating levels in the rat. Endocrinology 125: 2905–2914.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yen, J. T., Nienaber, J. A., Pond, W. G. and Varel, V. H. 1985. Effect of carbardox on growth, fasting metabolism, thyroid function and gastrointestinal tract in young pigs. Journal of Nutrition 115: 970–979.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed